ABBREVIATIONS AADT - Annual Average Daily Traffic AAQ - Ambient Air Quality AAQM - Ambient Air Quality Monitoring BDL - Below Detection Limit bgl - Below Ground Level BOD - Biological Oxygen Demand BIS/IS - Bureau of Indian Standard cd - Cross Drainage CGWB - Central Ground Water Board CO - carbon monoxide COD - chemical oxygen demand CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board DO - Dissolved Oxygen DEM - Digital Elevation Model DPR - Detailed Project Report DFO - Divisional Forest Officer EA - Executing Agency EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan EPA - Environmental Protection Act GDP - Gross Domestic Product GHG - Green House Gas GIS - Geographic Information System GoI - Government of India GoR - Government of Rajasthan IMD - Indian Meteorological Department INR - Indian Rupees IRC - Indian Road Congress LOS - Level of Service Max - Maximum Min - Minimum MDRs - Major District Roads MoEF&CC - Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change NGO - Non Government Organization NH - National Highway NOx - Oxides of Nitrogen PCU - Passenger Car Unit PHC - Primary Health Centre PIU - Project Implementation Unit PMC - Project Management Consultant PF - Protected Forest PUC - Pollution under Control RF - Reserve Forest RHSDP II i June 2018 Jodhpur – Marwar Junction–Jojawar (SH-61) Rev.No: Draft 1.0 Table of Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... a 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Brief about the Sub-Project Road ....................................................................................... 1 1.3 Need of the Project Road .................................................................................................. 1 1.4 Benefits of the Project ........................................................................................................ 1 1.5 Need of Environment Impact Assessment Study ............................................................... 2 1.6 Scope of the EIA Study ...................................................................................................... 3 1.7 Approach and Methodology of the EIA Study ................................................................... 4 1.8 Limitation of EIA Study ..................................................................................................... 8 1.9 Layout of the EIA Report ................................................................................................... 8 2 Project Description ................................................................................................................. 10 2.1 Project Profile ................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Project Location & Accessibility ..................................................................................... 10 2.3 Project Features ................................................................................................................ 11 2.4 Proposed Improvement Plan ............................................................................................ 14 2.5 Project Environmental Setting ......................................................................................... 22 2.6 Components & Activities of The Proposed Project ......................................................... 22 2.7 Infrastructure Requirement for Highway Development ................................................... 22 2.8 Resource Requirements for the Project ............................................................................ 23 2.9 Pollutant Sources & Characterization .............................................................................. 25 3 POLICY, LEGAL & ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................ 26 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 26 3.2 Overview of Indian Environmental Legislation and Administrative Framework ............ 26 3.3 Applicable Environmental Legislation ............................................................................. 26 3.4 Operational Policies of World Bank ................................................................................ 34 3.5 Guidance .......................................................................................................................... 35 3.6 Other Applicable Laws ..................................................................................................... 36 4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE STATUS ........................................................................ 38 4.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 38 4.2 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 38 4.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................ 38 4.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................... 44 4.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................. 49 4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................... 55 4.7 Economy .......................................................................................................................... 59 RHSDP II i June 2018 Jodhpur – Marwar Junction–Jojawar (SH-61) Rev.No: Draft 1.0 4.8 SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................... 60 4.9 Utilities ............................................................................................................................. 60 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology & Alignment) ........................................ 62 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 62 5.2 No Project Scenario .......................................................................................................... 62 5.3 Alternative Alignment ...................................................................................................... 62 5.4 Re-Alignments ................................................................................................................. 69 5.5 Alternative Materials and Technologies........................................................................... 69 6 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ........................................... 71 6.1 Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures .................................................................. 71 6.2 Potential Impact on Land Use .......................................................................................... 71 6.3 Potential Impact on Soil ................................................................................................... 72 6.4 Potential Impact on Surface Water Resources ................................................................. 73 6.5 Potential Impact on Surface Water Quality ...................................................................... 74 6.6 Potential Impact on Ground Water Resources ................................................................. 77 6.7 Potential Impact on Ground Water Quality ...................................................................... 77 6.8 Potential Impact on Ambient Air Quality ........................................................................ 77 6.9 Potential Impact on Noise Quality ................................................................................... 79 6.10 Potential Impact on Physiography and Drainage ............................................................. 80 6.11 Potential Impact on Biological Environment ................................................................... 80 6.12 Potential Impact on Socio-economic Environment .......................................................... 81 6.13 Community Health and Safety Issues .............................................................................. 81 6.14 Occupational Health and Safety Issues ............................................................................ 82 6.15 Key Impacts in the Proejct ............................................................................................... 83 7 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND DISCLOSURE ........................................................... 85 7.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 85 7.2 Local Level Consultation ................................................................................................. 85 7.3 Conclusion of Stakeholder Consultations ........................................................................ 86 8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................................ 87 8.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................