DOCUMENT RESUME ED 031 182 By-Sparkman, James T.; And Others Comprehensive Study of Higher Education in Arkansas. Arkansas State Commission on Coordination of Higher Educational Finance, Little Rock. Pub Date 4 Sep 68 Note-308p, EDRS Price MF -S1,25 HC -S15,50 Descriptors-Financial Policy, *Juniorf.'olleges, *Master Plans, *State Programs, *Technical Education, *Vocational Education !dent fiers-*Arkansas This survey of Arkansas' higher education system includes information on tunior colleges. It is estimated that, by 1980, the state will have 11 tunior colleges with an enrollment of 22,463. As the new ones are established, they are expected to provide most, if not all, of the less-than-baccalaureate programs. At present there are two public community tumor colleges, one public tunior college branch of the State University, and four private church-related colleges. These last offer transfer or 2-year general programs and training for personnel of their own denominational group, but little vocational/technical training. The statewide system of 15 area vocational/technical schools offers some academic course work beyond high school. Three current problems: (1) coordination of vocational school programs with the tunior colleges to avoid a funding crisis, (2) local pressures to convert community colleges into 4-year institutions, and (3) present shortage of funds that may extend development of the tumor college system to 10 or 15 years. The Committee on Junior College and Vocational-Technical Programs has 15 recommendations for a system of comprehensive colleges and the coordination of their programs with the area vocational and other schoolsinthe state.Tables sEow details of protected expenditures for the various segments of higher education through 1981..(HH) COMMISSION MEMBERS W. E. Darby, Chairman B. J. Lambert, Jr., Vice-Chairman Little Rock West Memphis Dr. Joe Rushton, Secretary Dan Felton, Jr. Magnolia Marianna Howard Holthoff Fred MacDonald Gould Brinkley C. H. Murphy, Jr. Harry Ponder, Sr. El Dorado Walnut Ridge Henry Shreve Jim Snoddy Fayetteville Alma ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF E. L. Angell, Executive Director M. Olin Cook, Assistant Director Little Rock Little Rock U.S. DEPARTMENT Of HEALTH,EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION CO FROM THE ri THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEENREPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS PERSON OR ORGANIZATIONORIGINATING IT. EDUCATION trl STATED DO NOT NECESSARILYREPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF CD POSITION OR POLICY. C=1 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN ARKANSAS by James T. Sparkman, Study Director Arthur D. Browne, General Consultant A. J. Brumbaugh, General Consultant John W. Oswald, General Consultant and Members of The Coordinating Committee Shelby Breedlove Barton A. Westerlund Robert Moore A. E. Burdick John E. Kane Joe T. Clark Hugh Mills Commission on Coordination of Higher Educational Finance Little Rock, Arkansas September 4, 1968 UNIVERSITY OFCALk LOS ANGELES MAR 181969 CLEARINGHOUSE FOR JUNIOR COLLEGE INFnRMATION TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page Letter of Transmittal xiii Acknowledgments xiv Summary of Recommendations 1 A Recommendations on Junior College and Vocational-Technical Programs 1 Recommendations on Four and Five-Year Undergraduate Programs 2 Recommendations on Graduate-Professional Programs and Research 3 Recommendations for Extension and Public Service 9 Recommendations on Libraries 10 Recommendations on Student Aid Programs 11 Recommendations for a Coordinated System of Higher Education in Arkansas 12 Recommendations on Institutional Roles and Functions 14 Recommendations on Finance 17 II Introduction 19 A Organization and Plan of the Study 21 III Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics 23 A Population Characteristics 23 Employment Patterns 27 Economic Growth 34 The Arkansas River Region 37 Implications of Socio-Economic Characteristics for Arkansas Higher Education 43 IV Educational Characteristics, Enrollments, and Projections 47 A College-Age Population, College-Going Rates, Attendance Patterns, Enrollments, and Projections 47 1 Past and Present Enrollments 56 2 Enrollment Projections for Public Senior Colleges and Universities to 1980 58 3 Projected Enrollments for Public Junior Colleges 63 4 Enrollment Projections for Private Institu- tions to 1980 65 5 College-Going Rates and Attendance Patterns 65 V Historical Development of Institutions 69 A Public Senior Colleges and Universities 69 Public Junior Colleges 75 Private Senior Colleges and Universities 77 Private Junior Colleges 81 VI Present and Projected Programs and Services 85 A Present and Projected Programs of Less than Baccalaureate Level in Public Senior Colleges and Universities 85 Present and Projected Programs of Less than Baccalaureate Level in Private Senior Colleges and Universities 87 Programs of Less than Baccalaureate Level Presently Offered in Public Junior Colleges 87 Programs of Less than Baccalaureate Degree Level in Private Junior Colleges 89 Other Programs Beyond the High School but less than Baccalaureate Level 90 A Projected State System of Public Comprehensive Community Junior Colleges 92 Present and Projected Four and Five-Year Under- graduate Programs 95 Present and Projected Four and Five-Year Under- graduate Programs in Public Senior Colleges Universities 95 95 1 Present and Projected Programs 2 Special Programs 97 3 Consideration of Programs 101 4 Student Admission and Retention 101 5 Faculty Recruitment and Retention 102 Present and Projected Four and Five-Year Under- graduate Programs in Private Institutions 105 Present and Projected Graduate-Professional Pro- grams and Research 107 Present and Projected Status of Extension and Public Service Programs 125 Present and Projected Status of Libraries 132 Present and Projected Status of Student Aid Programs 166 179 VII Coordination of Higher Education A The Need for a Coordinated System of Higher Education in Arkansas 180 A Plan for the Coordination of Higher Education in Arkansas 181 181 1 Purposes and Principles 2 Membership and Organization 181 3 Responsibilities and Functions 182 4 Prerequisites for Effective Operation 184 5 Suggested Organization for the Central Office of the State Commission 184 VIII Institutional Roles and Functions 187 A A Core of Institutions with Emphasis on Under- II graduate Degree Programs and Master's Degree Programs in Related Fields 188 A Core of Institutions with Emphasis on Under- graduate Degree Programs and Extensive Offerings at the Master's Level 190 A Residential University with Broad Under- graduate and Master's Degree Programs and Limited Doctoral Programs 191 An Urban-oriented University Offering Work at the Upper and Graduate Levels, Located in the Little Rock Metropolitan Area, Serving Primarily Commuting Students 192 A Comprehensive University, Primarily of a Residential Nature, with Broad Offerings at the Undergraduate, Master's, and Doctoral Levels and with a Number of Professional Schools 193 A State System of Public Comprehensive Community Junior Colleges 194 IX Financing Higher Educational Programs and Services 195 A General Comments 195 Summary of Projected Revenue and Expenditures 196 Operational Expenditures by Function for Public Senior Colleges and Universities (Regular Programs) 200 Projected Operational Expenditures for Public Junior Colleges 203 Projected Operational Expenditures for Special Programs in Public Colleges and Universities 203 Projected Operational Expenditures for Private Institutions of Higher Learning in Arkansas 206 Projected Expenditures for Capital Outlay 210 Administration of Budgeting and Related Activities 210 Recommendations 211 Footnotes 213 Bibliography 221 Appendix I Legislative Acts, Proposals, and Resolutions 225 Appendix IIList of Consultants and Committee Members .249 Appendix IIIStatistical Summaries 257 in LIST OF TABLES Page Table Total Population and Per CentDistribution, By Age, Color, and Sex, Arkansas, Actual1960 and 259 Projected Range, 1980 II Population Growth of Arkansas Comparedto United States and Regions of ArkansasCompared to 25 the State Age Distribution of Populationand Migrants; Arkansas, III 27 1960 Employment by Industry, Arkansas andthe United IV 261 States: 1940-1960 Per Cent Distribution of Employmentby Industry, 262 Arkansas and the United States:1940-1960 Employment by Occupation, Arkansasand the United VI 31 States: 1940-1960 Per Cent Distribution of Employmentby Occupation, VII 263 Arkansas and the United States:1940-1960 Employment by Industry, Arkansas:1960 and VIII 264 Projected 1980 34 IX Percentage Distribution of the LaborForce by Age 35 X Arkansas Personal Income XI Per Capita Personal Income Estimated, UnitedStates and Summary of Arkansas Regions 35 XII Distribution of Population by County and Urban Area Arkansas River Region, 1960-1980 41 XIII Fall Enrollments Related to Total College-Age Population in Order of Rank by Percentage of Total College-Age Population Enrolled 1965 55 XIV Arkansas College-Age Population by Five-Year Intervals, Actual and Projected 1960-1980 57 XV Actual Fall Headcouril 1957-1967 Arkansas State Supported Senior Colleges and Universities 59 XVI Fall Headcount Enrollments, Arkansas Private Senior Colleges and Universities: 1962-63-1967-68 60 iv XVII Fall Headcount Enrollments,Arkansas Private Junior Colleges: 1962-631967-68 61 XVIII Projected EnrollmentArkansas State Supported Senior Colleges and Universities 62 XIX Projected Full-time EquivalentEnrollment: 1970-71 1980-1981 64 XX Projected Headcount EnrollmentsArkansas Private Senior Colleges and Universities:1967-68