FAMINE CRIMES Military Operations, Forced Migration, and Chronic Hunger in Eastern Burma/Myanmar (2006-2008) BY KEN MACLEAN Cover Photo Woman fleeing attacks in Kyaukkyi Township, Nyaunglebin District (Bago Region) Free Burma Rangers (2007) Maps 1. Myanmar States and Regions, available at: http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/mapsonline/base- maps/myanmar-statesregions (accessed 3 March 2018). 2. Township Map, International Human Rights Clinic, Legal Memorandum: War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity in Eastern Myanmar (Cambridge: Harvard University Law School, 2014), p. 11. 3. Government and KNU Administrative Boundaries, available at: http://khrg.org/sites/default/files/maps/Locally_defined_Karen_State_1_North_Final.jpg (accessed 3 March 2018). CLARK UNIVERSITY | INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, COMMUNITY, AND ENVIRONMENT 2 This report is published by Ken MacLean © Ken MacLean 2018. All rights reserved. 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CLARK UNIVERSITY | INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, COMMUNITY, AND ENVIRONMENT 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgments........................................................................................................................... 7 Differences in Transliteration ......................................................................................................... 8 Acronyms and Terminology ......................................................................................................... 10 Map 1 Burma/Myanmar ................................................................................................................ 11 Map 2 Township Map ................................................................................................................... 12 Map 3 Government and KNU Administrative Boundaries........................................................... 13 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 14 Famine Crimes .............................................................................................................................. 19 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 22 Northern Offensive ....................................................................................................................... 26 2004-2005 Forced Migration Summary .................................................................................... 29 2006 Forced Migration Summary ............................................................................................. 34 2007 Forced Migration Summary ............................................................................................. 40 2008 Forced Migration Summary ............................................................................................. 46 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 52 Appendix 1 Tatmadaw Command Structure................................................................................. 57 Appendix 2 Destroyed, Relocated, or Abandoned Villages (Thandaung Township) ................... 59 Appendix 3 ERA Reports ............................................................................................................. 60 Appendix A Thandaung and Tantabin Townships (Toungoo District, Karen State) ............... 61 Report Number KORD-2004-02........................................................................................... 62 Report Number KORD-2004-06........................................................................................... 70 Report Number CIDKP-2004-02 .......................................................................................... 78 Report Number CIDKP-2004-09 .......................................................................................... 83 Report Number CIDKP-2005-01 .......................................................................................... 88 Report Number CIDKP-2005-08 .......................................................................................... 93 Report Number KORD-2005-02......................................................................................... 103 Report Number KORD-2005-05......................................................................................... 114 Report Number KORD-2006-03......................................................................................... 123 Report Number KORD-2006-04......................................................................................... 132 Report Number CIDKP-2006-15 ........................................................................................ 144 Report Number CIDKP-2006-16 ........................................................................................ 152 Report Number KORD-2007-05......................................................................................... 160 Report Number KORD-2007-06......................................................................................... 169 Report Number CIDKP-2007-19 ........................................................................................ 176 Report Number KORD-2008-09......................................................................................... 184 Report Number KORD-2008-13......................................................................................... 190 Report Number KORD-2008-21......................................................................................... 201 Report Number CIDKP-2008-11 ........................................................................................ 207 Report Number CIDKP-2008-12 ........................................................................................ 217 Report Number CIDKP-2008-16 ........................................................................................ 227 Report Number Et Tu Hta IDP Camp ................................................................................. 239 Appendix B Mone Township (Nyaunglebin District, Bago Region) ..................................... 247 Report Number CIDKP-2004-05 ........................................................................................ 248 Report Number CIDKP-2004-07 ........................................................................................ 252 CLARK UNIVERSITY | INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, COMMUNITY, AND ENVIRONMENT 4 Report Number CIDKP-2004-12 ........................................................................................ 256 Report Number KORD-2005-03......................................................................................... 259 Report Number KORD-2006-08......................................................................................... 267 Report Number KORD-2006-16......................................................................................... 277 Report Number CIDKP-2006-02 ........................................................................................ 285 Report Number CIDKP-2006-14 ........................................................................................ 292 Report Number KORD-2007-09......................................................................................... 297 Report Number KORD-2007-15......................................................................................... 305 Report Number CIDKP-2007-06 ........................................................................................ 319 Report Number CIKDP-2007-21 ........................................................................................ 326 Report Number KORD-2008-10......................................................................................... 334 Report Number CIDKP-2008-05 ........................................................................................ 341 Report Number CIDKP-2008-06 ........................................................................................ 348 Appendix C Kyaukkyi Township (Nyaunglebin District, Bago Region) ............................... 355 Report Number KORD-2006-02......................................................................................... 356 Report Number KORD-2006-06......................................................................................... 366 Report Number KORD-2006-13......................................................................................... 377 Report Number CIDKP-2006-06 ........................................................................................ 385 Report Number CIDKP-2006-13 ........................................................................................ 391 Report Number KORD-2007-10......................................................................................... 402 Report Number KORD-2007-11......................................................................................... 410 Report Number CIDKP-2007-09 ........................................................................................ 416 Report Number CIDKP-2007-22 ........................................................................................ 426 Report Number CIDKP-2008-04 ........................................................................................ 431 Report Number CIDKP-2008-07 .......................................................................................