Gr2- (o Vol. IV. No. 11 March 1, 1925 UNIVERSITY EXTENSION DIVISION UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA EXTENSION BULLETIN 1 KNOW YOUR OWN STATE- NORTH CAROLINA A PROGRAM FOR WOMEN’S CLUBS <Sy S. H. HOBBS, Jr. THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS CHAPEL HILL, N. C. Entered as Second-Class Matter October ig, 1921 EXTENSION BULLETINS Vol. I, No. 1. University Extension Service. Free. Vol. I, No. 6. The Rural Playground. Harold D. Meyer. Price 25c. Vol. I, No. 7. Attainable Standards in Municipal Programs. Edited by Howard W. Odum. Price 60c. Vol. I, No. 11. The Church and Landless Men. L. G. Wilson and Others. Free. Vol. I, No. 14. Play Production for Amateurs. F. H. Koch and Others. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 4. Town Studies. A Program for Women’s Clubs. Harold D. Meyer. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 6 . The Enforcement of Railroad Labor Board Decisions. Debate Handbook. Compiled by E. R. Rankin. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 6. How Farm Tenants Live. J. A. Dickey and E. C. Branson. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 7. The Parent-Teacher Association. Handbook. Revised Edi- tion. Harold D. Meyer. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 10. The Commencement Program. Harold D. Meyer. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 11. Relativity—A Romance of Science. Archibald Henderson, Price $1.00. Vol. II, No. 12. Recent Tendencies in the Theatre. A Program for Women’s Clubs. Dougald MacMillan. Price 50c. Vol. II, No. 13. Agricultural Graphics. North Carolina and the United States, 1866-1922. H. R. Smedes. Price $1.00. Vol. II. No. 14. The High School Library. L. R. Wilson and Others. Price 50c. Vol. Ill, No. 2. Minimum Essentials and English Teaching in North Carolina High Schools. Free. Vol. Ill, No. 3. Studies in the History of North Carolina. A Program for Women’s Clubs. R. D. W. Connor. Price 50c. Vol. Ill, No. 4. Planning and Furnishing a Home. A Program for Women’s Clubs. Mary T. Hobbs. Price 50c. Vol. Ill, No. 5. Studies in Citizenship for Women. Revised Edition. A Pro- gram for Women’s Clubs. D. D. Carroll. Price 50c. Vol. Ill, No. 9. Correlating Play and Class Room Work. Harold D. Meyer. Price 35c. Vol. Ill, No. 10. Studies in the Modern English Novel. A Program for Women’s Clubs. George McKie. Price 50c. Vol. Ill, No. 11. The Rural School Lunch. Louise H. Snell. Price 10c. Vol. Ill, No. 12. What Next in North Carolina? North Carolina Club Year Book. Edited by E. C. Branson. Price 75c. Vol. Ill, No. 13. Present Day Literature. A Program for Women’s Clubs. Cor- nelia S. Love. Price 50c. Vol. IV, No. 1 . Correspondence Courses. 1924-1925. Free. Vol. IV, No. 2. Extension Class Catalogue. 1924-1925. Free. Vol. IV, No. 3. The High School Society. Harold D. Meyer and Clara B. Cole. Price 50c. Vol. IV, No. 4. The High School Athletic Association of North Carolina. Free. Vol. IV, No. 5. A Study Course in American One-Act Plays. A Program for Women’s Clubs. Ethel T. Rockwell. Price 50c. Vol. IV, No. 6. University Lecturers. Free. MONEY ORDER, CHECK OR STAMPS ACCEPTED ADDRESS: UNIVERSITY EXTENSION DIVISION, Chapel Hill, N. C. UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA EXTENSION BULLETIN Published by the University of North Carolina twice a month, Sep- tember, October, November, December, and once a month, January, Feb- ruary, March, April, May, June. Succeeding and combining University of North Carolina Exten- sion Leaflets, Volumes I IV, and The University of North Carolina Record, Extension Series 1-41. UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA EXTENSION BULLETIN KNOW YOUR OWN STATE- NORTH CAROLINA <By S. H. HOBBS, Jr. Associate Professor of Rural Social Economics A PROGRAM FOR WOMEN'S CLUBS ISSUED BY THE BUREAU OF PUBLIC DISCUSSION THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS CHAPEL HILL, N. G. : MEMBERS OF The Club President .< Address Secretary Chairman Program Committee OFFICERS Registration number Number of members: Date of registration: Subject of program: TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Foreword 4 First Meeting: Tidewater Carolina 5 Second Meeting : The Coastal Plains Area •. 9 Third Meeting: The Piedmont Country 14 Fourth Meeting: The Carolina Highlands 20 Fifth Meeting : Studies in Population 26 Sixth Meeting: Farm Tenancy in North Carolina 29 Seventh Meeting: Farm Tenancy: Religion, Education and Remedies for Tenancy 33 Eighth Meeting: North Carolina as an Agricultural State 36 Ninth Meeting: Our Natural Resources: Land, Forests, Flora and Fauna 38 Tenth Meeting: Our Natural Resources (Continued) 41 Eleventh Meeting: Illiteracy and Reading Habits 44 Twelfth Meeting: Industry, Wealth and Taxation 46 Thirteenth Meeting: Health, Roads and Public Welfare 48 Fourteenth Meeting: Some Immediate Needs in North Carolina.... 50 Fifteenth Meeting: Some Immediate Needs in North Carolina (Continued) 52 Sixteenth Meeting: Some Immediate Needs in North Carolina (Continued) 54 Terms for the Course 56 Copyrighted, 1924 , BY THE University of North Carolina Press — FOREWORD A proper study for North Carolinians is North Carolina. Mr. E. C. Branson says: “Not to know the glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome is to be sadly crip- pled in culture; but not to know the Home State is to be even more sadly crippled in competent citizenship.” This little bulletin on Know Your Own State—North Carolina is an outline of North Carolina, Economic and Social. It has been prepared in response to the requests of several women’s club groups who are anxious to make a systematic study of their home state. So far as we know it is the first bulletin of its kind. The women of North Carolina are branching out into a new field of study. Perhaps they have come to agree with Milton that Prime wisdom is Not to know at large of things remote But that which daily lies about us. After all, isn’t it just as proper to be getting acquainted with our home state, whose history we are daily making, as it is to be prying into the interred remains of countries that have passed into oblivion? Be that as it may, we are certain of this one thing, that intimate acquaintance with North Carolina can only result in strengthening our determination to make her what she properly ought to be—the best spot on earth to live in. This is the goal towards which our hearts are set, and there is no agency in the state that can do more to make her the best spot on earth to live in than the North Carolina Federation of Women’s Clubs.—S. H. Hobbs, Jr., Associate Professor of Rural Social-Economics, University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill, N. C. Dec. 2, 1924. , : ) KNOW YOUR OWN STATE- NORTH CAROLINA FIRST MEETING Date Place General Topic: Tidewater Carolina The Tidewater section of North Carolina comprises all or part of twenty-seven extreme eastern counties, extending from Virginia to South Carolina. The Tidewater region is a part of the Coastal Plains area, but different from the western half of the Coastal Plains section, due mainly to its physical characteristics. The first section of the State to be inhabited, and possessing marvelous natural resources, it is to-day, if not the most backward, certainly the most undeveloped area of the State. It is to be doubted if there is in the entire United States an area possessing equal natural resources yet as un- developed as Tidewater Carolina. Outline A. Location and Conditions 1. Comprises all or part of 27 counties from Virginia to South Carolina. 2. Area of sparse population. (See table.) 3. An area of country people largely. Only a few towns of any size. Most of the towns lost population between 1910 and 1920. See News Letter Vol. VII, No. 4. B. Physiography: 1. Area of mild climate tempered by the nearby ocean and sounds. 2. Soils rich in places, very poor and sandy in other places. 3. Long growing seasons, from March to November. 4. Poorly drained area. Abundance of lakes and river swamps. 5. Originally a great forest, with long leaf pines predominating, now an area of cut over woodland, with gums and cypress predominat- i g. Was once the center of turpentine industry of the South. (North Carolina, the Tar Heel State ! : : : : : : : 6 University of North Carolina 6. Until recently a free-range, tick-infested area. Stock ran wild. Little improved livestock. C. Economic Foundations 1. Agriculture The main crops are corn, cotton, tobacco and truck crops in the southern area. Truck crops are prevalent everywhere. The northeast is the leading soy bean area of the United States. Also area of pea- nuts, Irish and sweet potatoes. Cash crops, cotton and tobacco, are increasing in importance. 2. Fishing Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds afford the greatest fishing possi- bilities in the United States. Very inadequately developed at present. Need is for state aid and supervision in restocking the sounds and rivers with fish and oysters. 3. Lumbering Once the great long leaf pine belt. Forest largely depleted. Needs reforestation. This again calls for state and federal aid, and supervision. 4. Manufacture Manufacture consists of lumber-working concerns for the most part. Only 10 cotton mills in the twenty seven counties. A few fertilizer factories. Abundant opportunities for peanut factories, fish packing industries and the like. 5. Banking Banking resources inadequate. Little capital or deposits. Outside capital is needed, to develop the region. Two counties have no banks and two have no incorporated towns. 6. Trade: Trade is mainly with country people. Little exported from the region. No good cash income of an adequate sort. Plenty of possi- bilities. Saturday is the trade day. It is not an area of brisk business activity.