Abstracts www.anatomy.org.tr doi:10.2399/ana.10.023x Abstracts for the XIIIth National Congress of Anatomy with International Participation, 28th October - 1st November 2010, Kyrenia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Anatomy 2010; 4 Suppl 2: 23-93, © 2010 TSACA Conferences (C-01 — C-18) C-01 radiology have already become the first alternative among the Interventional radiology treatment options in the treatment of most of the patients. Akhan O Key words: Interventional radiology. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. C-02 Interventional radiological procedures are defined to cure a Peer review and “Anatomy” lesion or prevent the development of a lesion or acquire the Akk›n SM pathological diagnosis under the guidance of imaging modalities. Department of Anatomy, Cerrahpafla Medical Faculty, ‹stanbul Interventional procedures can roughly be divided into two parts University, ‹stanbul, Turkey. as vascular and non-vascular interventional radiology. Non-vas- cular procedures are carried out for the lesions located in abdom- Peer review is an important component in a larger filtering and inal cavity, thoracic cavity, respiratory system, biliary system, uri- feedback system in the publication process to look for “good nary tract, gastrointestinal system or musculoskeletal system. quality” of scientific information. It can be defined as the criti- These procedures protect the patient from the risks of surgery cal scrutiny for dishing out prizes, for selecting of a manuscript, and general anesthesia. Success rates of the interventional proce- a research project or grant application, or any kind of scientific dures are the same with the results of surgical operations. text to be published, and made by third party, who as an inter- Complication rates due to interventional procedures are general- nal or external reviewer is a peer and not the person making the final decision. Although regarding the evidence-based argu- ly lower than the surgical rates. The patients do have shorter hos- ments there are some problems with peer review and many of pital stay because of the lower complication rates as large surgi- researches assume that peer review is not perfect, never has been cal incisions and general anesthesia are not applied during the and never will be. It is still valuable requirement and essential on procedures. Interventional radiological procedures, unlike other scientific literature. Since 18th century, the first peer reviewed treatment methods, can be repeated if the one applied is not suf- publication by the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1731, the peer ficient to treat the lesion. Most procedures of the interventional review has been challenged. The past few decades have seen Copyright © 2010 Turkish Society of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy (TSACA). All rights reserved. Published by Deomed Medical Publishing, Istanbul. 24 XIIIth National Congress of Anatomy, 28th October - 1st November 2010, Kyrenia, TRNC many proposed changes to peer review, with blinding, unmask- were openly and freely argued. This convention was significant- ing, and open review being the most prominent. The editorship ly important in the development of science. Today, the impor- format has also been modified in this continuum. Despite the tance of “Academic Freedom” still remains to be a vital value in fact that the editorial function was being perceived as accepting universities. Nonetheless, the stand of an academician is just as only manuscripts agreed by two referees a few decades ago; important as a free working environment. The principled stand today, it has become a coaching mechanism by gaining an of an academician is significant in the development of knowledge amendatory feature through some leading comments and revi- and society. Successful scholar’s have set a model in the world of sion suggestions offered for authors in accordance with review- science for their achievements and their stands. From past to ers’ recommendations. Within this context, the main aspects of present, from the east to the west, different scholars from differ- the peer review systems will be discussed and presented particu- ent periods and different societies like Socrates, Ahmed ‹bn-I larly from the perspectives of the experiences on our growing Hanbel, ‹mam-I Malik, ‹mam-I Azam, Giordano Bruno, Max official journal ‘Anatomy’ in this conference. Planck, Galileo Galilei, E. K. Kantorowicz, Bertrand Russel, Key words: Peer review, editorship, reviewer. Jonathan R. Cole are only some examples of scholars who were both scientifically successful and morally well-standed. Key words: Akademic stand. C-03 Impact of neuroanatomy education and training in clinical micro-neurosurgery C-05 Baflkaya MK History of Cyprus Department of Neurological Surgery, Wisconsin University Madison, Bozkurt ‹ Wisconsin, USA. Former Minister for Culture and Tourism, TRNC. Although many new technological improvements are achieved in neurological surgery recently, the most important factor for oper- Cyprus at crossroads between East and West dominated by Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Romans, Byzantium, Louzinias ational success depends on individual talent and technique of the in centuries and conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1571. The surgeon. This ability comes forward especially in the regions, Ottomans applied the millet system to Cyprus, which allowed which are hard to reach, or the operation of the lesions located on religious authorities to govern their own non-Muslim minori- the critical zones. The anatomical localization of the lesion and ties. This system reinforced the position of the Orthodox the anatomy of its surrounding neighborhood have been contin- Church and the cohesion of the ethnic Greek population. The ued the most decisive factor in this situations. Nowadays nearly control of Cyprus (although not sovereignty) was ceded to Great forgotten importance of the topographic gross anatomy knowl- Britain in 1878. The island was annexed formally by the United edge, the contributions of anatomy to the neurological surgery as Kingdom in 1914 and became a crown colony in 1925. In 1955 a pre-clinical science and its great role in resident education first an anti-British and than an anti-Turkish campaign by the should be emphasized with all possible clinical cases. Greek Cypriot EOKA (National Organization of Cypriot Key words: Neuroanatomy education. Fighters), a terrorist group that desired political union (ENOS‹S) with Greece. Turkish Cypriots, leading by TMT (The Turkish Cypriot Resistance Organisation), opposed and straggled against EOKA and ENOS‹S. Cyprus gained its inde- C-04 pendence from the United Kingdom in 1960, after Zurich and Akademic attitude London Agreements signed between Turkey, Greece and Bilgiç S United Kingdom. Shortly after the founding of the republic, serious differences arose between the two peoples. In November Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz May›s 1963, President Makarios advanced a series of constitutional University, Samsun, Turkey. amendments designed to eliminate some of these special provi- sions. The Turkish Cypriots opposed such changes. In The first university founded by Platon established in the olive December 1963, Greek Cypriots attacked (The Akritas Plan) to groves “Academos” in Greece was called “Akademia”. This uni- the Turkish Cypriots. Turks, lead by TMT, defensed them- versity is the basis of the term “academy”. In Platon’s school ideas selves. But many Turkish Cypriots living in mixed or small vil- Anatomy 2010; 4 Suppl 2 Abstracts 25 lages moved into enclaved villages or areas. UN peacekeepers C-07 were deployed on the island in 1964. Following another attack Sectional anatomy of the thorax and radiological outbreak to Kophinou and Bogaziçi willages, in 15 December approach 1967, The Turkish Cypriot Provisional Administration was Demirkaz›k F formed. In July 1974, the military junta in Athens sponsored a Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, coup against President Makarios. Turkey, citing the 1960 Treaty Ankara, Turkey. of Guarantee, intervened militarily to protect Turkish Cypriots. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared the independent Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ("TRNC"). Only Turkey recog- Computed tomography (CT) is the first choice of cross- sec- nizes the “TRNC”. The first UN-sponsored negotiations to tional imaging modality for thorax. It is used in the diagnosis develop institutional arrangements acceptable to both communi- and evaluation of many thoracic diseases. Chest CT can be ties began in 1968; several sets of negotiations and other initia- obtained for evaluation of abnormalities discovered on chest X- tives followed until today. On April 24, Turkish and Greek rays or evaluation of clinically suspected thoracic pathology Cypriots went to the polls in parallel and simultaneous referen- even if chest radiography is normal. It is used in staging and da. Turkish Cypriots voted by a large majority “yes,” Greek follow-up of lung and other primary thoracic malignancies and Cypriots by larger majority “no.” The so- called Cyprus in detection of metastatic disease. CT is an excellent imaging Repuplic entered the European Union on May 1, 2004. modality for analysis of solitary pulmonary nodule detected on Nowadays Cyprus divided between two states. chest X-ray. It can be used for evaluation and follow-up of pul- Key words: Cyprus, history. monary parenchymal and airway disease, for diagnosis of vas- cular disease, chest wall and