DOCUMENT RESUME CS 208 756 <3. Brooks, Charlotte K., Ed..; And Others TappiWg Potentielt English and Language Arts for the Black Learner. INSTITUTION National Counci.k t Teachers of English, Urbana, Ill. =PORI NO ISBN-0-8141-5010-. PUB DATE 85 NOTE 334p.; Prepared under the auspices of the Black Caucus of the National Council of Teachers of English. AVAILABLE FROMNational Council of Teachers of English, 1111 Kenyon Rd. Urbana, IL 61801 (Stock No. 50101, $10.00 member,$13.00 nonmember). PUB TYPE Books (010) -- GuideS'- Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRSOtICE mro1 /pc14 Plus Postage. DESC PTORS African ".'teratUre; *Black Dialects; *Black Educatiou; Black Literature; *Black Students; Cultural Influences;, Elementary Secondary Educadon; *English Instruction; Higher Education; Language Acquisition; Language Arts; *Learning Processes; Literature Appreciation; Reading Instruction; Student Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Education; Teacher Student Relationship; *Teachiiig Methods; WritingInstruction ABSTRACT Intended for teachers of black students at all levels, this book presents teaching approaches and methods that are known to be appropriate for blacks and that are based on WO research and practice in the areas of lapguage, reading, writing, and literature. Among the topics discussed in the 43 essays are the following: (1) language and the teaching/learning process; (2) learning to talk, learning %o.read; (3) black English and the classroom teacher; (4) teacher attitudes and language teaching; (5) 'deciphering dialect;. (61early childhood development and.reading instruction; (7) using a black learning style; (8) closing the generation gap and turn,ing'student's on to reading; (9) instructional strategies; (10) reading materials ;' (11) the writing of bleck poetry; (12) teaching teachers to teach black dialect, writers; (13) the composing process-of black students; (14) the student/teaCher writing conference; (15) using the laboratory approach to enhance writing skills; (16) structuring the college composition class around the black basic writer; (17) using the oral history approach to teach freshman writing; (18) using folk literature in teaching composition; (19) teaching writing to gifted black students; (20) giving writing students feedback; (21) the literature of black America; (22) origini of a black literary tradition; C23) exploring multiethnic literature for children through a hierarchy of questioning skills; (24) the black teenager in award-winning young adult novels; (25) putting Africa into the curriculum through.African literature; and (26) integrating vocabulary study into-literature courses for entering college students. (HTH) ^16 r 161 UAL OMPOIROOMF fOlICAIOOO 11/ATI=NOTOUTE Of0/1101110O ODUCA RESOURCES matosiwAnon CENTER IOW! This doessmetrthoshemtopicil000dRs 4x1 the pawn or orgenisaion oncomingK. !Minor. chow.* have been mods le inprovi Tapping Potential ispioduction comity P.ants of obisiwi in this dom- inant do nol maintain offiNN ME co position 'Jr policy C-1 Lti English and Language Arts for the Black Learner Edited by Charlotte K. Brooks with Jerrie Cobb Scott Miriam Chaplin Delores Lipscomb William W. Cook 'PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS Vivian Davis MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED 8Y NurE TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Black Caucus of the National Council of Teachers ofEnglish National Council of Teachers of English '1111 Kenyon Road, Urbana, Illinois 61801 To ifBlack isomers and to Their Teachers Grateful acknowledgment is made for permission toreprint the following material. "Black English Dialect and theClassroom Teacher." Reprinted by permission of the InternationalReading Association. "'What Go Round Come Round': King in Perspective." FromHarvard Educational Review, 1981:1, pp. 40-56. Copyright to 1981by the President and Fellows of HarvardCol- lege. Reprinted by permission. "Yet Do IMarvel." From On These I Stand: An Anthology of the Best Poems ofCounter.Cullen. Copyright ®1925 by Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. Renewed 1953by ida M. Cullen. Reprinted by per- mission of the publishers. NCTE Editorial Boards Thomas L. Clark,Julie M. Jensen, John S". Mayher, Elisabeth McPherson, Zora Rashkis, John C.Maxwell, a officio, Paul O'Dea, a officio Book Design: Tom Kovacs for TGKDesign 1 NCH Stock Number 50101 0 1985 by the National Councilof Teachers of English. All rightsreserved. I Printed in the United States of America.This material was previously pUb- listied in another format by Brooks Associates ofWashington, D.C. It is the policy of NCTE in its journalsand other publications to provide a forum for the opendiscussion of ideas concerning the contentand the teaching of English and the language arts.Publicity accorded to any particu- lar point of view does not imply endorsementby the Executive Committee, the Board of Directors, or themembership at large, except in announce- ments of policy where suchendorsement c cl.early specified. Library of Congress Cataloging in PublicationData Main ontry under title: Tapping potential. Includes bi'briographies. I. Afro-AmericansEducationLanguagearts Addresses, essays, lectures.2. Afro-American children- Language -- Addresses, essays,lectures.3. Black English Addresses, essays, lectures.I. Brooks, Charlottt. LC2778.L34T361985 428',00890073 85-3905 ISBN 0.8141-5010-1 O Contents Foreword 1 Charlotte K. Brooki I Language 7 Introduction: Laliguage and the Teaching-Learning 9 Process Jerrie Cobb Scott "04 Learning to TalkLearning to Read 12 Karla F. C. Holloway Black English Dialect and the Classroom Teacher 20. ClariFranklin Alexander Blanc Students, Languav, and Classroom Teachers 30 Darwin T. Turner "What Go Round Come Round": King in Perspective 41 Geneva Smitherman The King Case: Implications for Educators 63 Jerrie Cobb Scott Language Tips: The Black Ebonies Speaker 72 and the Reading Process Jesse Perry Tips for Language Teaching: Teacher Attitude 75 and Ghetto Language Helen H. Johnson !drier-City English Walter F. Edwards Tip71:lbecipheringDialect 81 Jacqueline Brice Finch ke,a114.44k -.4 11 Reading 83 Introduction: Reading Miriam T. Chaplin Early Childhood Development and Reading Instruction Dorothy Strickland Using a Black Learning Style 102 George O. Cur eton Teaching Minority Children to Read in 109 Elementary School Constance J. Batty Beauford R. Batty. Closing the Generation Gap and TurningStudents. 115 On to Reading Ire Adams Page Instructional Strategies for Teaching Test-Wiseness 123 Irving P. McPhail Implications in Personal Construct Theory for Teaching 131 Reading to Black Students Miriam T. Chaplin Reading Materials 139 Dolores Straker III Writing 147 Introduction: Writing 149 Delores Lipscomb Killing Them softly: Why Willie Can't Write 154 ,Janis Epps &New Lease on Writing 159 Jacqueline Royster Hard Words and Clear Songs: The Writing 168 of Black Poetry Haki R. Madhubuti (Don L. Lee) Teaching the Teachers to Teach Black-Dialect Writers 176 Paul A. Ramsey niS!'774 .r." I 4 t The C.aurposing Process of Black Student Writers 182 Robert j. Fowler 4. V Teachers as Editors: The Student Conference 187 Vivian I. Davis Using the Laboratory Approach to 200 Enhance Writing Skills - Carolyn Drakeford Structuring'the College Composition. Class around the 212 Black Basic Writer . Barbara Hunt Using the Oral History Approach to 214 Teach Freshman Writing Ethel Taylor Ernest Bradford Usinit Folk Literature in Teaching Composition fi9 Edward Anderson Teaching Writing to Gifted Black Students 226 Delores Lipscomb Development of a Sight Vocabulary intoa Reading and 230 Writing Vocabulary Arthurie McCoy «14. Linda M. Kumi Teaching. Tip: Giving Students Feedback 239 Thomas Clifford Bibb 4! IV Literature 241 410 Introduction: The Literature of Black America 243 The Noise of Reading Williiun W. Cook From Oral to Written: Origins ofa 250 Black Literary Tradition Martha K. Cobb C ' The Afro-American Griot 260 William W. Cook 6 na 44.7 .s . 4 ko",0,-.1 viii- Grinds Exploring Multi-Ethnic Literature for Children 272 , through a Hierarchy of QuestioningSkills Sharon White Williams Literature.end Black Children 280 Jane Hornburger The Black Thnager in Young Adult Novels 286- by Award-Winning Authors Rosalie Black Kiab Black Experience, Black Literature, Black Students, 297 and the English Classroom Darwin T. Turner Putting Africa into the Cdrriculum through African Literature Mildred A. Hill-Lubin Afro-American Drama in Education: An Instructional Strategy EdWard A. Robinson For in the Beginning Was the Word: Integrating 523 Vocabulary Study into the Literature Courses for the Entering College Student Marie H. Buncombe Tips: The Battle for Books 329 Jacqueline Brice Finch I S .414RidliN *0.41' r. Acknowledgments I thank the membership of the Black Caucus ofthe National Council of Teachers of English for itscooperation add confibuingencourage- ment in the development and realization of this publication. Special thank are due from all of usauthorsand editors alike to Sandra Gibbs. Director of Minority Group Affairsand Special Piojects of the National'Councilof ,feathers of English. Dr. Gibbs efficieridy and withgrace and cheerfulness handled*the essentialcom- munication needed for a publication whose authorsand editors are scattered all over\ the continental UnitedStates and in the Virgin Islands. She assisted in editing, helpedto plan the one or two yearly meetings the ettiti'in.s were able to,manage arnational conventions, and in countless otherways made our work possible. -* The four editors assumedat a first request the difficult