A. Sendra, Y. Garcia, D. Weber Campodeidae from caves of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Campodeidae (Hexapoda, Diplura) from caves of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Alberto Sendra Asociación para el Estudio del Medio Subterráneo Avenida Contitución, 83-12 460019 Valencia (Spain) [email protected] Yolanda Garcia Asociación para el Estudio del Medio Subterráneo Avenida Contitución, 83-12 460019 Valencia (Spain) [email protected]. Dieter Weber Kirchgasse 124 D-67454 Haßloch [email protected] Zusammenfassung Von 2007 bis 2011 wurden in 82 Höhlen und künstlichen Neu für Luxemburg sind alle 7 Arten: Campodea Hohlräumen des Großherzogtums Luxemburg Tiere (Campodea) lankesteri, Campodea (Campodea) lubbocki, gesammelt. Unter rund 90.000 gesammelten Tieren waren 37 Campodea (Campodea) plusiochaeta, Campodea (Campodea) Doppelschwänze. Sie teilen sich in 7 Arten auf, von denen die remyi, Campodea (Campodea) subdives, Campodea folgenden cavernicol sind: Campodea (Campodea) lankesteri, (Campodea) wallacei, Litocampa humilis humilis. Campodea (Campodea) wallacei, Litocampa humilis humilis. Abstract From 2007 to 2011, animals were collected from 82 caves All 7 species are new for Luxembourg: Campodea in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Within 90,000 (Campodea) lankesteri, Campodea (Campodea) lubbocki, individuals, 37 were diplurans representing 7 species. Campodea (Campodea) plusiochaeta, Campodea (Campodea) The following species are classified as cavernicolous: remyi, Campodea (Campodea) subdives, Campodea Campodea (Campodea) lankesteri, Campodea (Campodea) (Campodea) wallacei, and Litocampa humilis humilis. wallacei, and Litocampa humilis humilis. Résumé Entre 2007 et 2011, 90 000 spécimens d' animaux ont été Toutes les espèces sont signalées pour la première fois récoltés dans 82 cavités naturelles et artificielles du Grand- dans ce pays: Campodea (Campodea) lankesteri, Campodea Duché de Luxembourg, dont eux 37 diploures représentant (Campodea) lubbocki, Campodea (Campodea) plusiochaeta, 7 espèces. Les espèces suivantes sont considérées comme Campodea (Campodea) remyi, Campodea (Campodea) cavernicoles: Campodea (Campodea) lankesteri, Campodea subdives, Campodea (Campodea) wallacei, Litocampa humilis (Campodea) wallacei, Litocampa humilis humilis. humilis. 216 Ferrantia • 69 / 2013 A. Sendra, Y. Garcia, D. Weber Campodeidae from caves of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 1 Introduction 2 Results References about Diplurans in the Grand Duchy Campodea (Campodea) lankesteri Silvestri 1912 of Luxembourg do not exist so far, but we can Diagnosis: Body length (excluding cerci) 5-7 mm. find some Dipluran bibliography from the Epicuticle with thick microdenticles. Clothing Campodeidae family in countries close by (see as setae thin and glabrous. Antennae with 26 to 28 antennomeres, cupuliform organ with 4 bare example Arevad 1957; Bareth 2006; Condé 1947a, sensilla, sensillum of third antennomere in 1954; Condé & Bareth 1998; Paclt 1961, 1965). Very sternal position. Notal macrochaetae thick with few information exist from caves and subter- few barbs: 1, 1, 1 ma, 1, 1, 0 la, 1, 1, 1 lp; marginal ranean environment in all areas of Europe north setae with barbs. Calcars robust with thick barbs. of the Alps: North of France, Belgium, Ireland, Urotergites macrochaetae: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ma; 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 la; 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 5 Great Britain, Denmark, Germany, Benelux and lp. Urosternite I male with glandular g1-setae in Scandinavian countries (Bareth 1999, 2000). The several continuous rows, trapezoidal appendages greater part of the summarizing publications on with glandular a2-setae. Cerci shorter than the cave fauna in Central Europe (Belgium: Leruth body worn long macrochaetae with distal barbs 1939; Switzerland: Strinati 1965; Germany: Dobat and clothing setae scarcity. Spermatozoid fascicles 60 mm in diameter, 30 mm wide; filament 100 mm 1975, 1978; Weber 1988, 1989, 1991, 2001, 2012; long in 8 to 9 spiral turns. Zaenker 2001) do not list diplurans to species Distribution: Wide distribution range throug level. Recently Weber (unpublished) collected septentrional Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, diplurans in caves from Rhenish Palatinate and France, Great Britain, Ireland and Sweden (Agrell Saarland (South West Germany) with 8 species, 5 1944; Arevad 1957; Bagnall 1915, 1918a; Christian of them identical to those found in Luxembourg. 1992; Condé 1947a; Condé & Barbier 1957; Good, Blackith & Higgins 1989; Leleup 1948; Marten Out of 90,000 collected animals in the years from 1939; Silvestri 1912; Womersley 1927; Wygodz- 2007 to 2011 in Luxembourg caves, 37 specimens insky 1941a). were Diplurans. Diplurans are therefore a rare With 14 specimens, it is the mostly found Diplura group. All collected Diplurans are determined. species in Luxembourg caves. However, it is found Campodea (Campodea) lankesteri 140# Abundance 130# 9 8 120# 7 110# 6 5 100# 4 90# 3 80# 2 # 1 70# N 0 # upto 5 upto 10 upto 20 upto 50 upto 100 over 100 60 0 10Km # # # # # # # 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Distance from Entrance (m) Fig. 1: Caves with Campodea (C.) Fig. 2: Numbers of Campodea (C.) lankesteri caught at lankesteri in Luxembourg. different distances from the entrance in Luxembourg caves. Ferrantia • 69 / 2013 217 A. Sendra, Y. Garcia, D. Weber Campodeidae from caves of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg only in one casemate in Luxembourg City. Even mm wide; filament 180-200 mm long, 1,5-2 mm in another casemate very close by contains another wide, in 2,5 to 3 spiral turns. species. C. lankesteri was found only in traps, over We found it in 1 specimen in a casemate in Luxem- the whole year and only deep inside the artificial bourg City, 75 m distant from the entrance. Due to cave (Fig. 2). We assume that it generates stable the limited findings in caves so far, we classify it subterranean populations and is therefore eutroglo- as eutrogloxene. phile. To prove that we kwon some references of C. lankesteri in subterranean habitats, such as Leleup Distribution: The species has a wide distribution (1948) (confused with Campodea giardi Silvestri, through northwest of Europe: Austria, Belgium, 1912) in the Grotte de Goyet (Belgium) (Condé France, Great Britain, Italy, Norway, Sweden 1947a) and also Bareth (2000) reported this species and Switzerland (Agrell 1944; Bagnall 1918a; as very abundant in a MSS (Mesovoid shallow Bareth 2007; Christian 1992; Condé 1947a, 1947b, stratum or Superficial underground compartment) 1961; Condé & Barbier 1957; Condé & Bareth location in Liège, a province of Belgium. 1998; Condé & Mathieu 1958; Denis 1924, 1930; Husson 1946; Olsen 1996; Orelli 1956; Pagés 1951; Campodea (Campodea) lubbocki Silvestri 1912 Ramanelli 1990; Silvestri 1912; Womersley 1927). Diagnosis: Body length (excluding cerci) 3.5 Outside Europe it is located in USA (Condé 1973) mm. Epicuticle without ornamentation. Clothing and also cited in Santa Helena Island (Azores) setae short. Antennae with 19 to 23 antenomeres, where it could be considered as invasive species cupuliform organ with 4 bare sensilla, sensillium (Condé & Bareth 1970) due to it is frequent in of third antennomere in sternal position. Notal urban gardens. Bareth (2000) refers this species macrochaetae small: 1, 1, 1 ma, 1, 1, 0 la, 1, 1, 1 in a location from the MSS in Liège province lp; marginal setae with few barbs. One trocanteral (Belgium) and in Husson (1946) it is cited inside of sensillum; calcars with few barbs. Urotergites humid cave in Nancy (France). macrochaetae: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ma (short Campodea (Campodea) plusiochaeta and small), 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 la, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, Silvestri 1912 1, 1, 3, 5 lp. Urosternite I male with glandular g1-setae in some continuous rows, subtrapezoidal Diagnosis: Body length (excluding cerci) 2-4 mm. appendages with seasonal glandular a2-setae. Epicuticle with thin microdenticles and rosette Cerci as long as the body with 9 to 15 articles worn formations. Clothing setae short and glabrous. short macrochaeta and abundant clothing setae. Antennae with 19 to 23 antennomeres (until 27 Spermatozoid fascicles 30 mm in diameter, 10-12 antennomeres in some Greece population (Condé Campodea (Campodea) lubbocki Campodea plusiochaeta 140# 140# 130# 130# 120# 120# 110# 110# 100# 100# 90# 90# 80# 80# # 70# 70# N N 60# # 0 10Km 60 # 0 10Km # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Fig. 3: Caves with Campodea (C.) Fig. 4: Caves with Campodea (C.) lubbocki in Luxembourg. plusiochaeta in Luxembourg. 218 Ferrantia • 69 / 2013 A. Sendra, Y. Garcia, D. Weber Campodeidae from caves of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Campodea (Campodea) remyi 1984); cupuliform organ with 4 bare sensilla; 140# sensillum of third antennomere in tergal position (or in sternal position in the septentrional popula- 130# tions -form gardneri by Bagnall 1918a). Notal 120# # macrochaetae with thin barbs: 1, 1, 1 ma, 1, 1, 0 la, 1, 1, 1 lp. Sedas marginales with some few thin 110# barbs. Calcars with 2-3 thick barbs. Urotergites 100# macrochaetae: 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 la, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 3, 5 lp. Urosternite I male with glandular 90# # g1-setae in several continuous rows, subtrap- 80# ezoidal appendages with glandular a2-setae. Cerci shorter than the body with 6-7 articles worn 70# long macrochaeta and clothing setae scarcity, N # latero-internal macrochaetae with 1-2 thin barbs. 60 0 10Km # # # # # # # Spermatozoid fascicles 45-50 mm diameter, 20-23 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 mm wide, filament 550-600 mm long, 5-6 mm Fig. 5: Caves with Campodea (C.) diameter, in 5-6 spiral turn. remyi in Luxembourg. Distribution in Luxemburg + map. antennomere in tergal position. Notal macro- Only one specimen was found in an iron mine in chaetae with few barbs: 1, 0, 0 ma, 1, 1, 0 la, 1, 1, 0 South Luxembourg, surprisingly more than 100 lp; marginal setae thick and with plenty of barbs m distant from the entrance. Due to the lack of almost spiny. One small trocanteral sensillum; findings in other caves, we classify C.