www.diako.ir PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT German Vocabulary www.diako.ir This page intentionally left blank www.diako.ir PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT German Vocabulary Ed Swick New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto www.diako.ir Copyright © 2007 by Ed Swick. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-159436-1 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-148285-7. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. 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If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here. www.diako.ir For more information about this title, click here Contents Preface ix 1 Family and friends 1 Die Familie 1 Die Freunde 4 2 Occupations 11 Berufe 11 An der Arbeit 14 3 Around the house 19 Das Zimmer 19 Die Möbel 19 4 Animals 27 Die Haustiere 27 Das Nutzvieh 29 Wilde Tiere 31 5 Fun, recreation, and sports 36 Das Hobby 36 Die Fitness 38 Der Sport 38 6 Education 44 Das deutsche Schulsystem 44 Das deutsche Notensystem 46 Nützliche Ausdrücke 47 7 Holidays 52 Der Feiertag 52 In welchem Jahr? 56 v www.diako.ir 8 Theater, music, radio, and television 60 Das Theater 60 Das Konzert 61 Das Kino 62 Das Radio und das Fernsehen 64 9 Transportation 70 Der Transport 70 Der Straßentransport 71 Der Bahntransport 72 Der Seetransport 73 Der Lufttransport 75 10 Travel, vacation, and nationality 79 Ferien und Reisen 79 Die Sehenswürdigkeiten 81 Die Nationalität 82 11 Geography and history 88 Die Erdkunde 88 Geographische Merkmale 90 Die Himmelsrichtungen 91 Die Geschichte 93 12 Farms and gardens 97 Der Bauernhof 97 Die Plantage 99 Die Bäume und Sträucher 99 Der Garten 101 Die Blumen 101 13 The human body 106 Der Körper 106 Der Kopf 108 Der Rumpf 109 14 Dining, foods, and beverages 114 Das Essen 116 Das Getränk 119 15 Days, months, and years 124 Die Wochentage 125 Der Monat 127 vi Contents www.diako.ir Das Jahr 128 Das Jahrhundert 129 16 Health 133 Bleib gesund! 133 Krankheiten 134 Das Heilmittel 135 Der Tod 138 17 Numbers, measurements, and dimensions 142 Die Kardinalzahlen 142 Die Ordinalzahlen 145 Der Meter 146 Das Gewicht 146 Die Höhe und die Tiefe 147 18 Clothing and fashion 151 Die Kleidung 152 Die Mode 154 19 Colors and contrasts 159 Die Farbe 159 Die Gegensätze 162 20 Special expressions 169 Gar 169 Also 169 Zwar 170 Mal 170 Doch 170 Answer Key 177 Contents vii www.diako.ir This page intentionally left blank www.diako.ir Preface Building a broad vocabulary in a second language is an important part of lan- guage learning. Th e richer your vocabulary is, the more skilled you become in speaking and writing your new language. Learning German is certainly no excep- tion to this idea. But vocabulary development and enrichment do not entail merely the mem- orization of word lists. Since most people gain more from studying phrases and sentences that illustrate the specifi c use of a word, this book provides examples that place new words in a practical context. Moreover, each word list is usually composed of items that can be “plugged into” a useful pattern sentence that is provided. For example, the nouns shirt, blouse, pants, and skirt are useful words to know. But just memorizing that list is not as useful as applying the words to practical sentences: Tom hates ironing cotton shirts. Mary hates ironing silk blouses. I hate ironing pants. Do you hate ironing pleated skirts? Although grammar is not stressed in this book, on occasion a brief grammatical explanation is given to describe more precisely how a particular word or phrase should be used: for example, how Germans say to like. As much as possible, words are illustrated in a form that shows a link or commonality among the provided words. Also, the chapters describe words that combine with others to form new words or that are derived from a base word. Th is is a signifi cant concept in German, which uses many types of words as prefi xes for new words: die Sprache language die Sprachenschule language school ihre englischen Sprachkenntnisse her knowledge of English die Sprachlehre grammar book sprachlich linguistic Th ere are twenty chapters on a variety of traditional and contemporary top- ics. Each one is a building block for your new German vocabulary storehouse. In each chapter are exercises that help bring your new vocabulary to life. Th e ques- tions not only are general ones that anyone can answer but also involve your per- sonal experience. In either case, you have the opportunity to put your new words to practical use. ix Copyright © 2007 by Ed Swick. Click here for terms of use. www.diako.ir At the end of each chapter are writing exercises that give you even more practice with the new material. If new verbs are involved, you are asked to manipulate the new verbs in various tenses. Other exercises ask you to provide an appropriate completion for a sentence. Finally, you are given a list of multiple-choice exercises that help you reinforce your new vocabulary. An an- swer key is located at the end of the book. Acknowledgment With much gratitude to Stefan Feyen for all his help and suggestions. Alles Gute! x Preface www.diako.ir Family and friends ·1· Die Familie Th e German extended family consists of a variety of people, both young and old, just like any other family. Naturally, the basic family unit is made up of parents and their children. But beyond that small circle is a large group of relatives who aff ect family life to some degree: the extended family. Let’s look at the German vocabulary that describes a typical family. First, we’ll meet the oldest members of the family: die Urgroßeltern great-grandparents der Urgroßvater great-grandfather die Urgroßmutter great-grandmother die Großeltern grandparents der Großvater grandfather die Großmutter grandmother der Schwiegervater father-in-law die Schwiegermutter mother-in-law der Senior senior citizen (male) die Seniorin senior citizen (female) Sometimes the grandparents are called by more aff ectionate names: der Opa grandpa die Oma grandma Th e word groß is also used as a prefi x for other members of the family who are more than a generation apart: der Großonkel great-uncle die Großtante great-aunt der Großneff e great-nephew die Großnichte great-niece der Großenkel great-grandson die Großenkelin great-granddaughter Parents and their children are the hub of family life.