ASOCIAŢ IA GEOMORFOLOGILOR DIN ROMÂNIA REVISTA DE GEOMORFOLOGIE 13 2011 REVISTA DE GEOMORFOLOGIE / REVIEW OF GEOMORPHOLOGIE Editori/Editors: Prof. univ. dr. Virgil SURDEANU – Preşedintele A.G.R., Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai”, Cluj Napoca Prof. univ. dr. Florina GRECU, Universitatea din Bucureşti Colegiul de redacţie/Editorial boards: Dr. Lucian BADEA, Institutul de Geografie, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Yvonne BATHIAU-QUENNEY, Universitatea din Lille, Franţa Prof. dr. Dan BĂLTEANU, Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Costică BRÂNDUŞ, Universitatea „Ştefan ce! Mare”, Suceava Prof. dr. Doriano CASTALDINI, Universitatea din Modena, Italia Prof. dr. Adrian CIOACĂ, Universitatea „Spiru Haret”, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Morgan de DAPPER, Universitatea din Gand, Belgia Prof. dr. Mihaela DINU, Universitatea Româno-Americană, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Francesco DRAMIS, Universitatea Roma 3, Roma, Italia Prof. dr. Eric FOUACHE, Universitatea Paris 12, Franţa Prof. dr. Paolo Roberto FEDERICI, Universitatea din Pisa, Italia Prof. dr. Mihai GRIGORE, Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Mihai IELENICZ, Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Ion IONIŢĂ, Universitatea „Al.I. Cuza”, Iaşi Prof. dr. Aurel IRIMUŞ, Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai”, CIuj-Napoca Prof. dr. Nicolae JOSAN, Universitatea din Oradea Prof. dr. Ion MAC, Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai”, Cluj-Napoca Prof. dr. André OZER, Universitatea din Liège, Belgia Prof. dr. Kosmas PAVLOPOULOS, Universitatea din Atena, Grecia Prof. dr. Dan PETREA, Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai”, Cluj-Napoca Prof. dr. docent Grigore POSEA, Universitatea „Spiru Haret”, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Ioan POVARĂ, Institutul de Speologie, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Maria RĂDOANE, Universitatea „Ştefan cel Mare” Suceava Prof. dr. Nicolae RĂDOANE, Universitatea „Ştefan cel Mare”, Suceava Prof. dr. Contantin RUSU, Universitatea „Al. I. Cuza”, Iaşi Dr. Maria SANDU, Institutul de Geografie, Bucureşti Prof. dr. Victor SOROCOVSCHI, Universitatea „Babeş-Bolyai”, Cluj-Napoca Prof. dr. Petre URDEA, Universitatea de Vest, Timişoara Prof. dr. Emil VESPREMEANU, Universitatea din Bucureşti Prof. dr. Fokion VOSNIAKOS, Universitatea din Salonic, Grecia Redacţia tehnică/Tehnical assistants: Prof. dr. Bogdan MIHAI (Universitatea din Bucureşti) Cercet. şt. drd. Marta JURCHESCU (Institutul de Geografie al Academiei Române) Lector dr. Robert DOBRE (Universitatea din Bucureşti) Şos. Panduri, 90-92, Bucureşti – 050663; Telefon/Fax: 021.410.23.84 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.editura.unibuc. ro Tehnoredactare computerizată: Meri Pogonariu ISSN 1453-5068 REVISTA DE GEOMORFOLOGIE VOL. 13 2011 CUPRINS/CONTENTS Articole/Papers L. STAMATOPOULOS & N. EVELPIDOU – River-bed evolution during the Holocene in Kalavrita region (Northern Peloponnese, Greece)............................................. 5 Mihai IELENICZ, Smaranda SIMONI (TOMA) – The Valley System Evolution in Romania ................................................................................................................... 9 Maria RĂDOANE, Ionuţ CRISTEA, Nicolae RĂDOANE – Geomorphological Mapping. Evolution and Trends............................................................................................... 19 Virgil SURDEANU, Olimpiu POP, Marius DULGHERU, Titu ANGHEL, Mioara CHIABURU – Relationship between trees colonization.......................................... 41 Karel KIRCHNER, Lucie KUBALÍKOVÁ – landslide and debris-flow activity in the sulphur mining area of Calimani Mountains (Romania). Evaluation of geoheritage in the western part of National Park Podyjí, Czech Republic ........... 51 Florina GRECU, Cristina GHIŢĂ, Emil CÎRCIUMARU – Land Vulnerability to Geomorphological Hazard Induced By Pluviometric Criteria (Romanian Plain) .. 59 Gabriel MINEA, Liliana ZAHARIA – Geomorphological impact of floods in the Bâsca Catchment (Romania) ............................................................................................... 67 Sandu BOENGIU, Cristiana VÎLCEA, Mihaela LICURICI – Landslides in the Plain Sector of the Jiu Valley ........................................................................................... 75 Alexandru NEDELEA, Anca MUNTEANU, Răzvan OPREA, Laura COMĂNESCU, Robert DOBRE – Cryo-nival modeling system. Case study: Făgăraş and Piatra Craiului Mountains .................................................................................................. 83 Iulian SĂNDULACHE – Planation surfaces in the Bistricioara catchment (Eastern Carpathians) ............................................................................................................. 91 Dinu OPREA GANCEVICI, Ionuţ CRISTEA – On periglacial processes and landforms in the Brodina River Basin (Obcinele Bucovinei) ....................................................... 99 Smaranda SIMONI (TOMA) – The Role of the Periglacial Processes in the Present Morphodynamics of the Doamnei River Basin (the Făgăraş Mountains)............... 109 Maria ALBU DINU – Călmăţui (Teleorman) Hydrographic Basin – Morphometric Analysis Elements.................................................................................................... 123 Robert DOBRE – Use a GIS techniques to identify areas to consider when designing the Comarnic – Sinaia motorway sector so as to meet sustainable development requirements. ..................................................................................... 131 Articole/Papers River-bed evolution during the Holocene in Kalavrita region (Northern Peloponnese, Greece) 1 2 L. STAMATOPOULOS & N. EVELPIDOU Abstract: Environmental history often reveals the contribution of humans in the modification of natural environment, always in relation with the climatic factors. Archaeological settlements may be preserved through desiccation, however, they are commonly found in floodplain sediments. Archaeological evidences may provide with useful information about the processes and extent of environmental changes, but they may also be used as tools for the analysis of floodplain sedimentation, relative chronology of sedimentation events and for the geomorphological evaluation of the particular archaeological site. The characteristics of archaeological indicators and the deposits in which they occur, may indicate important aspects of their source, transportation way and age. Evidence of river migration may be found in alluvial plains, through careful observations. The study area is located in Kalavrita region in northern Peloponnese. The archaeological excavations carried out revealed the fortification wall of the ancient city of “Kleitor” which is dated between the 3rd and 2nd century BC (Hellenistic Period). It may also provide clues for land surface development, reworking of sedimentary deposits, paleoenvironmental and climatic conditions. Sediments indicating considerable climatic changes are alluvial deposits of considerable thickness, covering areas with human impact. All the aforementioned become a tool for dating the course changes of the rivers and consequently a geomorphological instability. The relationship between geomorphology and history is recognizable also in the settlement distribution. This close relationship between environment and man provides a tool to understanding the landscape evolution from a geomorphological and historical point of view. Key words: Kalavrita region, Hellenistic Period, Holocene, climate change, geo-archaeology, river migration, fluvial geomorphology 1. Introduction the studies of river channel changes (Brown 1997). Environmental changes and particularly denudation The wider region of Kalavrita, northern history in the Mediterranean has also been Peloponnese, is characterized by the presence of approached by using archaeological data (Vita-Finzi plenty archaeological findings of the periods 1969) whilst only recently archaeological tools have between the 10th century BC (Early Protogeometric been extensively used to interpret the morphogenetic Period) and 2nd century BC (Hellenistic Period) evolution. Environmental histories often reveal the (Pausanias texts), buried under fluvial sediments. role of humans in modifying the physical The study area is located near the SW border of environment, although this is not inevitable, as Chelmos (Aroania) mountain, 2341 m a. s. l. in climate may be the overwhelming factor. northern Peloponnese, about 14 Km South of the The main objective is to combine the Kalavrita city, and lies about 3 km west of Kleitoria archaeological information and environmental village. The area belongs to the ancient Kleitor city development in a direct chronological framework, and is rich in archaeological findings from the to be able to interpret the morphogenetic evolution Hellenistic period (Petritaki, 1996). of the study area during the Holocene. The first archaeological stray findings from ancient Kleitor city were reported during 1940 and a systematic archaeological survey of the area started 2. Study area since 1987 (Petritaki, 1996). Archaeology may often date the landscape evolution at the timescale The ancient Kleitor city is situated on the fluvial through site formation or destruction processes terraces of Karnesios and Kleitor rivers valleys (Schiffer, 1987) or the use of artifacts and sites in (Fig. 1). Revista de geomorfologie vol. 13, 2011, pp. 5-8 6 L. STAMATOPOULOS & N. EVELPIDOU Figure 1. Topographic map of the study area (b), Location of the study area (a) The study area is mainly composed of Eocene into MapInfo GIS, were registered and digitized, in Flysch, Mesozoic (Upper Triassic - Cretaceous) order to develop