Tanks TANKS Brazilian Tanks British Tanks Canadian Tanks Chinese Tanks Croatian Tanks Czech Tanks Egyptian Tanks French Tanks German Tanks Indian Tanks Iranian Tanks Iraqi Tanks Israeli Tanks Italian Tanks Japanese Tanks Jordanian Tanks North Korean Tanks Pakistani Tanks Polish Tanks Romanian Tanks Russian Tanks Slovakian Tanks South African Tanks South Korean Tanks Spanish Tanks Swedish Tanks Swiss Tanks Ukrainian Tanks US Tanks file:///E/My%20Webs/tanks/tanks_2.html[3/22/2020 3:58:21 PM] Tanks Yugoslavian Tanks file:///E/My%20Webs/tanks/tanks_2.html[3/22/2020 3:58:21 PM] Brazilian Tanks EE-T1 Osorio Notes: In 1982, Engesa began the development of the EE-T1 main battle tank, and by 1985, it was ready for the world marketplace. The Engesa EE-T1 Osorio was a surprising development for Brazil – a tank that, while not in the class of the latest tanks of the time, one that was far above the league of the typical third-world offerings. In design, it was similar to many tanks of the time; this was not surprising, since Engesa had a lot of help from West German, British and French armor experts. The EE-T1 was very promising – an excellent design that several countries were very interested in. The Saudis in particular went as far as to place a pre- order of 318 for the Osorio. That deal, however, was essentially killed when the Saudis saw the incredible performance of the M-1 Abrams and the British Challenger, and they literally cancelled the Osorio order at the last moment. This resulted in the cancellation of demonstrations to other countries, the demise of Engesa, and with it a promising medium tank. The Brazilian Army, itself a prospective buyer, also cancelled most if its order. The EE-T1 has a hull and turret with well-sloped frontal armor. Composite armor is incorporated into the glacis and turret frontal armor, and spaced armor in the turret and hull sides; though data from Britain and Germany was used extensively, the armor suite was essentially of Engesa design. The track skirts were almost identical to those found on the German Leopard 1. The chassis and hull were of almost completely Engesa design, but the turret design received large input from Vickers Defence of Britain. The engine was a modified version of the German MWM TBD-234 1100hp diesel, and the transmission was likewise a modified German design. The suspension was a particular strong point, able to handle several kinds of difficult terrain quite well, and being easier to maintain than the suspension of most tanks of its class. The tracks themselves were almost identical to those used on the Leopard 2 at the time. Layout of the Osorio was for the most part conventional, with a commander’s hatch ringed by vision blocks and a loader’s hatch on the turret deck, and a driver’s hatch on the left front hull. The position layout, however, was unusual, as the commander was on the left side of the turret and the loader on the right. The machinegun could be aimed and fired from under armor if necessary, and could be elevated almost vertically. Large stowage boxes are found on either side of the turret, along with eight-barrel smoke grenade launchers. The stowage boxes made a bustle rack unnecessary. At the rear of the turret is a short mast for a meteorological sensor. Two versions of the Osorio were designed: The EE-T1 P-1, armed with a 105mm gun, and the EE-T1 P-2 (also known as the EE- T2), armed with a 120mm gun. The turrets were somewhat different to account for differences in gun and ammunition size, but for the most part the two versions of the Osorio were identical. Gun stabilization is electro-hydraulic. On the 105mm-armed version, the commander had a Belgian-made sight that gives the Osorio a hunter-killer capability. The gunner’s sight equipment was similar to the commander’s, with the addition of a ballistic computer and laser rangefinder. The commander had emergency backup controls for the main gun, and could also access the gunner’s sight. The EE-T1 P-2 was more advanced in its fire control setup. The commander had his own laser rangefinder and ballistic computer, allowing him to quickly hand off fire solutions to the gunner, or use the laser rangefinder and ballistic computer with his machinegun. The commander and gunner could access data from each other’s sights. The targeting systems of the P-2 version were French-built instead of Belgian-built, since the 120mm main gun was also French-built. An NBC overpressure system was an option on both versions, as was a warning system that signaled the crew when a targeting laser was shining on them. Twilight 2000 Story: This vehicle went into high production in the Twilight 2000 timeline, as the Twilight War commenced. They were in use by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, and some African nations, as well as Brazil herself. Merc 2000 Story: The Osorio went into low-rate production, primarily for export, in the Merc 2000 timeline. Vehicle Price Fuel Type Load Veh Wt Crew Mnt Night Vision Radiological EE-T1 P-1 $684,751 D, A 500 kg 40.44 tons 4 16 Thermal Imaging (G, C), Shielded Passive IR (D) EE-T1 P-2 $1,029,693 D, A 500 kg 43.7 tons 4 16 Thermal Imaging (G, C), Shielded Passive IR (D) Vehicle Tr Mov Com Mov Fuel Cap Fuel Cons Config Susp Armor EE-T1 P-1 142/99 32/22 1354 456 Trtd T6 TF64Cp TS20Sp TR10 H80Cp HS15Sp HR10 EE-T1 P-2 136/95 31/21 1354 474 Trtd T6 TF64Cp TS20Sp TR10 H80Cp HS15Sp HR10 Vehicle Fire Control Stabilization Armament Ammunition EE-T1 P-1 +3 Good 105mm L-7 Gun, MG-3, M-2HB (C) 45x105mm, 5000x7.62mm, 600x.50 EE-T1 P-2 +3 Good 120mm GIAT Gun, MAG, M-2HB (C) 40x120mm, 5000x7.62mm, 600x.50 file:///E/My%20Webs/tanks/brazilian_tanks.html[3/22/2020 3:58:34 PM] British Tanks AEC A-41 Centurion Notes: The Centurion was initially designed to be a sort of “Tiger Killer;” a tank with the firepower and protection to be able to tackle the German Tiger and Panther tanks on equal terms. Unfortunately, only six made it to Europe by May 1945, less than a week before the Nazi surrender. It would not be until the Korean War, in January of 1951, that the first Centurions would see combat in the capable hands of the 8th King’s Royal Irish Hussars. Some 13 versions of the Centurion were developed by the British, and the Mark 3 was the first to see combat. Other countries have also developed tanks based on the Centurion, bringing the total to over 20 subtypes. Centurion Mark 1 and Mark 2 Designed for World War 2 combat against what were then the most heavily armed and armored tanks of the time, the design of the Centurion was aimed at being able to penetrate heavy armor at long range, being able to take a hit and keep going, and to improve protection against antitank mines. An increase in mobility was also considered desirable, but not as much required as the other specifications. (Cross-country performance, however, was considered more important than road speed.) The layout was essentially conventional and similar to modern tanks, with commander’s hatch on the left turret deck, a loader’s hatch on the right turret deck, and the driver’s hatch on the left hull front. The commander had all-around vision blocks, along with a periscope at the front with magnification. The driver had two wide vision blocks in front of his position, and the gunner and loader both had a periscope to see outside of the turret. Unusually for a tank of its time, the Centurion had no radio operator/hull machinegunner; there simply wasn’t room in the front hull, and the loader became a loader/radio operator. Instead of a turret bustle rack, the sides of the turret had large stowage boxes. Armament consisted of a 17-pounder (76.2mm) high-velocity gun, the same found on the Comet cruiser tank. The Mark 1 had two 7.92mm coaxial machineguns; these were mounted independent of the main gun’s mantlet in their own ball mounts, and could be moved independently of the main gun. Optionally, a third machinegun could be mounted, firing through a ball mount in the rear of the turret, but this required the removal of the smoke mortar and the escape hatch as the rear of the turret. A 51mm mortar that fired smoke rounds was also installed in the turret. Some initial versions had a 20mm Polsten cannon instead of the right side coaxial machinegun; but the cannon (as well as the extra coaxial machinegun) proved to be unpopular. (Note that this is a cannon, and not an autocannon.) The gunner had a basic telescopic gunsight, and one of the coaxial machineguns could be used as a ranging machinegun. The glacis plate had more sloping than most tanks of the time, and under the track skirts and behind the tracks, the hull was also slightly sloped. (The standard production Mark 1 is listed as “Type 3” below, but this is not an official designation by any means.) The engine compartment was large but welthought out; it contained a 600 horsepower Rolls-Royce Mk 4 Meteor engine with an enlarged crankcase and a dry sump. The transmission was manual, and driving the Centurion was a task requiring a ridiculous amount of manual dexterity, coordination, and strength.