important User Solid-state equipment has operational characteristics differing information from those of electromechanical equipment. “Application Considerations for Solid-State Controls” (Publication SGI-1.1) describes some important differences between solid-state equipment and hard wired electromechanical devices. Because of this difference, and also because of the wide variety of uses for solid-state equipment, all persons responsible for applying this equipment must satisfy themselves that each intended application of this equipment is acceptable. In no event will the Allen-Bradley Company be responsible or liable for indirect or consequential damages resulting from the use or application of this equipment. The examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for illustrative purposes. Because of the many variables and requirements associated with any particular installation, the Allen-Bradley Company cannot assume responsibility or liability for actual use based on the examples and diagrams. No patent liability is assumed by the Allen-Bradley Company with respect to use of information, circuits, equipment, or software described in this manual. Reproduction of the contents of this manual, in whole or in part, without written permission of the Allen-Bradley Company is prohibited. 01991 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Table of Contents Chapter Title Page 1 Using this Manual Chapter Objectives . _ . _ . _ . _ . 1-l Manual Overview . _ . _ . _ . _ _ . l-1 Manual Chapter Overview . _ . _ . l-2 Intended Audience (s) . _ . _ l-3 Definition of Major Terms . _ . l-3 Related Publications . l-4 2 Introduction to the RF/D System ChapterObjectives ............................... 2-l Description of the Intelligent Antenna ............. 2-l HardwareFeatures ............................ 2-2 RFID System Components ......................... 2-4 RFTags ...................................... 2-4 RFID System Host .............................. 2-5 Power Supply ................................. 2-5 Object Detect Device .......................... 2-5 Antenna Operation .............................. 2-5 Tag Transactions .............................. 2-6 Typical “Read” Application ....................... 2-7 RFID Site Evaluation .............................. 2-8 Host Options and Communication Requirements Chapter Objectives ............................... 3-1 HostOptions .................................... 3-l Host Communication Protocols .................... 3-2 ASCllProtocol ................................ 3-2 DFl Protocol .................................. 3-2 Hardware Interface to Antenna ................... 3-3 Communication Interface Parameters ........... 3-3 Hardware Configurable Parameters ............. 3-3 Programmable Interface Parameters ........... 3-3 4 RF/D Component Set- up Guidelines Chapter Objectives ............................... 4-1 Component Set-up Overview ...................... 4-l Capture Window ................................ 4-1 Antenna-to-Tag Spacing .......................... 4-2 Table of Con tents 2 Chapter Title Page 4 RF/D Component Set-up Guidelines (continued) Tag-to-Tag Spacing .............................. 4-3 Programmable Tag Spacing .................... 4-4 Read/write Tag Spacing ....................... 4-5 Positioning the Antenna ......................... 4-6 Recessed Mounting ........................... 4-6 Effects of Metallic Surfaces .................... 4-7 Minimizing the Effects of Metallic Surfaces ...... 4-7 Defining the Capture Window Boundaries ......... 4-8 Tag-to-Antenna Orientation ...................... 4-9 Moving Tag Speed Limitations .................... 4-11 Testing Tag Transactions ......................... 4-11 Positioning the Object Detect Device .............. 4-11 Moving Transactions .......................... 4-12 Stationary Transactions ....................... 4-12 5 Antenna Installation and Connections Chapter Objectives .............................. 5-l Before Installing the Antenna ..................... 5-l -- Required Hardware and Equipment ............... 5-l Wiring Cover Plate Removal ...................... 5-2 Connecting Power to the Antenna ................ 5-4 Power Supply Configuration ................... 5-4 Power Supply Connection ..................... 5-4 Check Power Connection ...................... 5-5 Connecting Host Communication ................. 5-6 Connecting RS-232 ........................... 5-6 Connecting RS-422 ........................... 5-6 Selecting Power-up Default Baud Rate .......... 5-8 Selecting “Byte-Swapping” Mode .............. 5-8 Connecting the Object Detect Device .............. 5-9 Object Detect Connection Procedure ........... 5-9 Antenna Mounting Dimensions ................... 5-12 Mounting and Connecting the Remote Antenna Head ................................ 5-13 6 ASCII Commands ChapterObjectives ..__.......................... 6-l Setting the Host Port and Communication Lines . 6-l - Selecting Protocol _.............................. 6-l Conventions and General Guidelines . 6-2 Antenna Command Fields . 6-3 Antenna Response Fields . 6-4 Table of Contents 3 Chapter Tit/e Page 6 ASCII Commands (continued) ASCII Commands and Responses ................... 6-4 Antenna Status Command ..................... 6-4 Initialize Command ........................... 6-5 Echo Command ............................... 6-5 Get Sensor Configuration Command ............ 6-6 Set Sensor Configuration Command ............ 6-6 Read Tag Command .......................... 6-8 Write Tag Command .......................... 6-9 Multiple Command ........................... 6-10 Diagnostics Command ........................ 6-12 7 Antenna Configuration and Operation Chapter Objectives . _ , _ . _ . _ 7-l Set Antenna Configuration . _ . 7-l Setting the Object Detect Mode and Timeout . 7-l IDP Perform Command . 7-2 Repeat Counts . 7-3 -. Start Address and Length Fields . _ . _ . 7-3 Programmable Tag Transactions . _ . _ 7-4 Example Programming Configuration . _ . 7-4 Example Programming (Write) Command . _ _ 7-5 Addressable Programming . _ . _ 7-5 Example Read/Only Configuration . _ _ . 7-6 Example Repeating Read Command . _ . _ 7-7 Read/Write Tag Transaction . _ . _ . 7-8 Example Configuration . 7-8 Example Perform (Read/Write) Command . _ . 7-9 8 Developing DFI Protocol Chapter Objectives .............................. 8-l Overview -Transmitter and Receiver Functions 8-l OverviewofDFl Protocol .................. .:I::: 8-2 Typical DFl Communication Sequence .......... 8-3 DFlOverview .................................... 8-5 DFl MessageFormat ............................. 8-5 Control Characters ............................ 8-6 Data Field .................................... 8-6 Transmission Codes ........................... 8-7 Typical DFl Message Example .................. 8-7 DFl Responses ................................ 8-8 Block Check Character (BCC) ................... 8-8 Table of Contents 4 Chapter Title Page 8 Developing Dfl Protocol (continued) Developing DFl Transmitter/Receiver Routines ..... 8-9 Transmitter Overview ......................... 8-9 Receiver Overview ............................ 8-11 Multiplexing and Separating Messages ......... 8-12 Protocol Environment ......................... 8-14 DFl Transmitter .............................. 8-14 DFl Receiver ................................. 8-18 Embedded Responses ......................... 8-23 Full-Duplex Protocol Examples ................. 8-23 PCCC (Network) Layer ........................... 8-28 DFl (Link Layer) Interface Requirements ........ 8-28 Program and Message Types ................... 8-29 Network Command and Response Formats ...... 8-30 Network Message Field Descriptions ............ 8-3 1 DFl Application Layer ............................ 8-34 Command Initiators and Executors ............. 8-34 Unprotected Write Command ..................... 8-36 Functions of the Unprotected Write Command . 8-37 Network /Application Interface Model ............ 8-43 Diagnostic Loop ................................. 8-44 Byte Ordering ................................... 8-44 - Example Byte Ordering ........................ 8-45 9 IDP An tenna Commands Chapter Objectives .............................. 9-l Applying the IDP Commands ...................... 9-l General Antenna Command Format ............... 9-2 Transmission Modes .......................... 9-3 Antenna Response Format ........................ 9-4 Interface Processor Echo Command ................ 9-6 Sensor Processor Echo Command .................. 9-7 Host and Sensor Interface Diagnostics Commands ... 9-8 Sensor Interface Diagnostics Command ............ 9-10 AntennaReset .................................. 9-l 1 Get Interface Configuration Command ............ 9-12 Set interface Configuration Command ............. 9-15 Get Sensor Configuration Command ............... 9-16 Set Sensor Configuration Command ............... 9-18 Example Set Sensor Configuration Command .... 9-19 Perform Command .................. 9-20 SensorProgram ... ::I:::::::: .................. 9-21 _ Command Descriptor Fields .................... 9-21 Sensor Program Response Fields ................ 9-23 Example Perform Command ................... 9-25 Example Perform Response .................... 9-26 Table of Contents 5 -- Chapter Title Page 10 Troubleshooting Chapter Objectives .............................. 10-l Preventive Maintenance .......................... 10-l Diagnostic LED Indicators ......................... 10-2 Troubleshooting ...............................