APPENDIX Tables for Computing Geopotenticd Distances between Isobari,c Surfaces ......................................................................................................... Contents TABLE I. Specific volume of sea water of salinity 35 0/00 and temper- ature O°C, and at stated pressure, aSE,O,P,exprwsed in ems/g or m8/ton. (From Bjerknes and &ndstrom, 1910.) TABLE II. Geopotential distances from the sea surface to stated , isobaric surfaces in sea water of salinity 35 0/00 and temperature O°C, Dsij,O,P, expressed in dynamic meters. (From Bjerknes and Sandstrom, 1910, expanded by ms. data.) TABLE III. 10’A.,8 as function of a,. (From Sverdrup, 1933.) TABLE IVa. 1066,;P as function of salinity and pressure. (From Sver- drup, 1933.) TABLE IVb. 10%,P as function of salinity and pressure. (From Sver- drup, 1933.) TABLE Va. 10%,P as function of temperature and pressure. (From Sverdrup, 1933.) TABLE Vb. IO%%, as function of temperature and pressure. (From Sv;rdrup, 1933.) Symbols and Definitions as~,o,p: Specific volume of sea water of salinity 35 0/00 and temperature O°C, and at pressure p. 3: Anomaly of specific volume of sea water of salinity S and temperature $ and at pressure p (seep. 58): 6 = A,,e + 68,P + kP, where 1O–% A.,$ = 0.02763 – 1 + lo-%” (D, – IIJ,: Standard geopotential distance between the isobaric surfaces pi and pZ (equation XII, 6, p. 408): 1051 1052 TABLES FOR COMPUTING GEOPOTENTIAL DISTANCES P% (D, - D2)g = @6,0,pdp. sPI AD: Anomaly of the geopotential distance between the isobaric surfaces PI and PZ (equation XII, 7, p. 409): Pz AD = r$dp. s PI Explanation If u, has been computed by means of Knudsen’s or other tables, the specific volume anomaly, 3, cim be found from tables III, IV, and V. If numerous computations are to be made, special tables should be pre- pared with closer intervals of the arguments. In order to facilitate such preparation and in order to avoid accumulation of errors, the terms have been tabulated with one more decimal place than warranted by the accuracy of the temperature and salinity observations. When the specific volume anomalies have been found, the geopotential anomalies can be computed by numerical integration (table 61, p. 411). Bibliography Bjerknes, V., and J. W. Sandstrtim. 1910. Dynamic meteorology and hydrog- raphy. Pt. I, Statics. Carnegie Inst. Washington, Pub. no. 88, 146 pp. + tables. 1910. Knudsen, Martin. 1901. H~drowa~hical tables. Co~enha~en..- G. E. C. Gad: 63 pp. 1901. - - - Sverdrup, H. U. 1933. Vereinfachtes Verfahren mu Berechnung der Druck- und Masseqverteilung im Meere. Geofysiske Publikasjoner, v. 10, no. 1, 9 pp. 1933. 0s10. TABLES FOR COMPUTING GEOPOTENTIAL DISTANCES 1053 00000 00000 00000 0000”0 0 0 w i% 0000”0 00000” o&o’a”o 0“0000 0 0 r+ 00000” O“O”000” . .,.. .,.. .,.. , . ,.. ...,.. ggggg 1054 TABLES FOR COMPUTiNG GEOPOTENTIAL DISTANCES , TABLEII GEOPOTENTIAL DISTANCES FROM THE SEA SURFACE TO STATED ISOBARIC SURFACES IN SEA WATER OF SALINITY 35 0/00 AND TEMPERATURE O*C, . D$s,o,,, EXPRESSED IN DYNAMIC METERS (From Bjerknes and Sandstrom, 1910, expanded by ms data) (dec~ars) ~dyna%;”~eters) (decfiars) (dyna%$”;eters) 10 . 9.7262 1200. 1163.9534 20 . 19.4520 1400. 1357.3295 30. .,..,. 29.1773 1600. 1550.5327 40 . 38.9021 1800 . 1743.5639 50 . 48.6265 2000 . 1936.4246 75 . 72.9356 2500 . 2417.8360 100. .,..,. 97.2417 3000 . 2898.2041 150 . 145.8457 3500...,. 3377.5445 200. ,, ..., 194.4382 4000 . 3856.8733 300 . 291.5898 4500 . ~~43B .2053 400 . 388.6965 5000 . ... 4809.5559 500. 485.7584 6000 . 5759.3685 600 . 582.7759 8000 . 7647.8173 800 . 776.6777 10000..,... 95?22.0255 1000.. 970.4032 — I TABLES FOR COMPUTING GEOPOTENTIAL DISTANCES 1055 TABLE III los&,$ AS FUNCTION OF U; (From Sverdrup, 1933) @t .00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09 .10 . — — — . — — — — . — 23.0 . 487.8 486.8 485.9 484.9 434,0 483.0 482.0 481.1 480.1 479,2 47g .2 .1 . 478.2 477.2 476.3 475.4 474.4 473,4 472.5 471.6 470.6 46$.6 468.7 .2 . 468.7 467,7 466.8 465.8 464.9 463.9 462.9 462.0 461.0 460. 459.1 ,3 . 459.1 458.1 457.2 456.3 455.3 454.3 453.4 452.5 451.5 450. } 449.6 .4,., . 449.6 448.6 447.7 446.7 445.8 444.8 443.8 442.9 441,9 441.0 440.0 .5 . 440.0 439.0 438.1 437.2 436.2 435.2 434.3 433.4 432.4 431.4 430.5 .6 . 430.5 429.5 428.6 427.6 426.7 425.7 424.7 423.8 422.8 421.9 420.9 .7 . 420.9 419.9 419.0 418.1 417,1 416.1 415:2 414.3 413.3 412.3 411.4 .8 . 411.4 410.4 409.5 408.5 407.6 406,6 405.6 404.7 403. ‘7402.8 401,8 .9 . 401.8 400.8 399.9 398.9 398.0 397.0 396.0 395.1 394.1 393.2 392.2 24:~.::..:: . 392.2 391.2 390.3 389.4 388.4 387.4 3W,5 385.6 384.6 383.6 382.7 382.7 381.7 380.8 379.9 378.9 377.9 377.0 376.1 375.1 374.1 373.2 .2:..::. ,; ;:: 373.2 372.2 371.3 370,3 369.4 368.4 367.4 366.5 365.5 364.6 363..6 .3 . 363.6 362.6 361,7 360.8 359.8 358.8 357.9 357.0 356.0 355.0 354.1 .4 . 354.1 353.1 362.2 351:3 350.3 349.3 348.4 347.5 346.5 345.5 344.6 .5 . 344.6 343.6 342.7 341.8 340.8 339.8 338.9 338.0 337.0 336.0 335.1 ;;..::., . 335.1 334.1 333.2 332.2 331.3 330.3 329.3 328.4 327.4 326.5 325.5 326.5 324.5 323.6 322.7 321.7 320.7 319,8 318,9 317.9 316.9 316.0 .8::..::: :::: 316.0 315.0 314.1 313.2 312.2 311.2 310.3 309.4 308.4 307.4 306.5 .9 . 305.5 305.5 304.6 303.7 302.7 301.7 3~.8 299.9 298.9 297.9 297.0 25.0. 297.0 296.0 295.1 294.1 293.2 292.2 291.2 290.3 28Q.3 288.4 287,4 .1., . 287.4 286.4 285,5 284.6 283.6 282.6 281.7 28iJ.8 279,8 278.8 277.9 .2., . 277.9 276.9 276.0 275.1 274.1 273.1 272.2 271.3 270.3 269.3 268.4 .3 . 268.4 267.4 266.5 265.6 264.6 263.6 262.7 261.8 260.8 259.8 258.9 .4., . 258.9 257.9 257.0 256.1 255.1 254.1 253.2 252.3 251.3 250.3 249.4 .5 . 249.4 248.4 247.5 246.6 245 .; 244.6 243.7 242,8 241.8 240.8 239.9 .6 . 239.9 238.9 238.0 237.1 236,1 235.1 234.2 233.3 232.3 231.3 230.4 .7 . 230.4 229.4 228.5 227.6 226.6 225.6 224.7 223,8 222.8 221.8 220.9 .8 . 220.9 219.9 219,0 218.1 217.1 216.1 215.2 214.3 213.3 212.3 211.4 .9...,... ,.. 211.4 210.4 209.5 208.6 207,6 2~.6 205.7 204.8 203.8 202.8 201.9 26:;...; ::.,... 201.9 200.9 200.0 199.1 198.1 197.1 196.2 195.3 194.3 193.3 1$2.4 . 192.4 191.4 190.5 189.6 188.6 187.6 186.7 185.8 184.8 183.8 182.9 ., .2...,.,: :::: 182.9 181.9 181.0 180.1 179.1 178.1 177.2 176.3 175.3 174.3 173.4 .3 . 173.4 172.4 171.5 170.6 169.6 168.6 167.7 166.8 165.8 164.8 163.9 .4 . 163.9 162.9 162.0 161,1 160.1 159.1 158.2 157.3 156.31 55.3 154.4 .5 . 154.4 153.5 152.5 151.6 150.6 149.7 148.7 147.8 146.81 45.9 144.9 .6 . 144.9 144.0 143.0 142.1 141.1 140.2 139.2 138.3 137.31 36.4 135.4 .7 . 135.4 134.5 133.5 132.6 131.6 130,7 129.7 128.8 127.81 26.91 25.9 .8 . 125.9 125.0 124.0 123.1 122,1 121.2 120.3 119.3 118.41 17.4 116.5 .9 . 116.5 115.5 114.6 113.6 112.7 111.7 11O.8 109.8 108.91 07.9 107.0 27.0 . 107.0 106.0 105.1 104.1 103.2 102.2 101.3 100.3 99.4 98.4 97.5 .1... ,.. .,,.. 97.5 96,6 95.6 94.7 93.7 92.8 91,8 90.9 89.9 89.0 88.0 .2 . 88.0 87,1 86.1 85.2 34.2 83.3 82.3 81.4 80.4 79.5 78.5 .3..