Fathur Afif Hari Gary Dhika April Mulya Yusuf AB A A A AB AB AB AB Anin Rizka A B Dion Siska Mirel Hani Airita AB AB AB AB AB www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Public Switch Telephone Network The Access Course Number : TTH2A3 CLO : 1 Week : 2 www.telkomuniversity.ac.id How do we connect telephone? One to One One to Two www.telkomuniversity.ac.id How do we connect telephone? Two to Two www.telkomuniversity.ac.id How do we connect telephone? www.telkomuniversity.ac.id How many copper cable needed for each line? Basically, only 2: • TD (Transmit Data) • RD (Receive Data) www.telkomuniversity.ac.id PSTN (Public Switch Telephone Network) • PSTN consists of groups of local networks, connected by long distance network • Main element of local network is customer premises equipment (CPE), copper cable that connect customer (subscriber) to local switch through main distribution frame (MDF). www.telkomuniversity.ac.id What are main characteristics of PSTN? • Analog, able to transfer 300-3400 Hz or 64 kbps • circuit-switched = with handshaking + dedicated path • Fixed station, limited mobility • Foundation of all telecommunication standard easy integration with ISDN, PLMN, PDN www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Three main networks in PSTN 1. Backbone network core network, connects all local exchange (switching unit within local network) 2. Access Network – connect subscriber to local exchange – Four types of access network: • Access Network with Copper • Access Network with Radio • Access Network with Fiber Optic • Access Network with Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) 3. Interconnection Network special backbone network, connect other licensed operator www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Three main networks in PSTN 1. Backbone / Core network 2. Access Network / Local Loop 3. Interconnection Network Other Licensed Operator Access Interconnection Network Network Local Network Local Network Local Backbone Exchange Network Core Network www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Topology www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Core Network Other Licensed Operator Interconnection Network Backbone Network Core Network www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Local Exchange Basic functionalities: • Connects two subscribers through switching mechanism • Provides signaling for synchronization • Provides subscriber ID (numbering) Street Distribution Cabinet Point Direct Local Network Feeder Secondary Primary Local Cable Cable Exchange www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Direct Feeder When to Use? • In area where subscribers are located nearby the Local Exchange • In area with small number of subscriber • Connecting VIP Benefit: • Lower cost (no street cabinet) • Easier cable management Loss: • Not Flexible (for rerouting) • Tougher to locate fault www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Street Cabinet www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Distribution Point 10 pairs DP 20 pairs DP www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Fiber Optic for Transmission • As a replacement for primary cable • As a replacement to reach subscriber FTTx: FTTP (Premises): Home, Building, Desktop, Office, Zone FTTdp (Distribution Point) FTTN (Node) FTTC (Cabinet) Street Distribution Cabinet Point Secondary Primary Cable Cable www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Radio for Transmission Single Channel SUBCRIBER RADIO TERMINAL Telephone BASE STATION LOCAL EXCHANGE RADIO TOWER (ANTENNA) Telephone Multi Channel BASE STATION BASE STATION LOCAL EXCHANGE RADIO TOWER RADIO TOWER (ANTENNA) (ANTENNA) Telephone Telephone Telephone SUBCRIBER RADIO TERMINAL BASE STATION Multi Access LOCAL EXCHANGE RADIO TOWER (ANTENNA) Telephone Telephone REPEATER Telephone www.telkomuniversity.ac.id Comparison between Copper – Fiber – Radio Copper Fiber Optic Radio Speed Fastest Slowest Cost Highest Lowest Distance Nearest Farthest MTTF* Shortest Longest MTTR** Shortest Longest MTTI*** Longest Shortest Quality (S/N)**** Best Worst *MTTF = Mean Time To Failure (Longest = good) **MTTR = Mean Time To Recovery (Shortest = good) ***MTTI = Mean Time To Install (Shortest = good) ****S/N = Signal to Noise Ratio www.telkomuniversity.ac.id See you on next class www.telkomuniversity.ac.id .