©Melissa Matusevich Abolitionists Abolitionists John Brown Abolitionists campaigned to end slavery. John Brown led a raid on the United States Armory (Arsenal) at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. He was trying to start a slave rebellion. He was captured and hanged. ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich Harriet Tubman Abraham Lincoln After Abraham Lincoln became President of the United States in 1860, some southern states seceded from the Union. Later, other southern Harriet Tubman established a secret route that states, including Virginia, seceded to form the escaped slaves took; it became known as the “Confederate States of America.” “Underground Railroad.” Union troops atFredericksburg, Virginia. Army ofNorthern Virginia, defeated General RobertE. Lee, Commanderofthe ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich Confederate GeneralRobertE.Lee Creation of West Virginia Conflict grew between the eastern counties of Virginia that relied on slavery and western counties that favored abolition of slavery. The disagreement between the two regions of the state led to the formation of West Virginia. United States wasreunitedasone country. Union Army defeatedtheSouthern Armyandthe during theCivilWar.Under hisleadership,the Ulysses S.Grantwas the leaderofUnionArmy ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich Differences Between the Northern and Southern States Union GeneralUlyssesS.Grant The North had many Northern factories so its States economy was said to remained in be “industrialized.” the United States (Union). The South had many farms. Its economy was agricultural. Southern States formed a country called The Confederate States of America. The economy in the northern part Northern states wanted the new of the United States was states created out of the western industrialized, while in the territory to be “free states,” while southern part it was agricultural the southern states wanted the and relied on slave labor. new states to be “slave states.” ©Melissa Matusevich Civil War Soldiers Confederates—South North—Union Nickname: “Billy Yank” Nickname: “Johnny Reb” Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson and Robert E. Lee ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich Battle of Bull Run Civil War Railroads The first Battle of Bull Run (or Manassas) was the first major clash of the Civil War. Confederate General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson played a major role in this battle. ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich ©Melissa Matusevich Lee Surrenders to Grant Battle of the Monitor and the Merrimack The Civil War ended at Appomattox Court House, Lincoln used the Union navy to blockade southern ports. An important sea battle Virginia, where Confederate General Robert E. Lee between the Monitor (Union) and the Merrimack (Confederate), two ironclad ships, took place in Virginia waters near Norfolk and Hampton. The battle was fought to a surrendered his army to Union General Ulysses S. draw. Grant in April, 1865. ©Melissa Matusevich burned neartheendofwar. It felltoGeneralUlyssesS.Grantandwas Richmond wasthecapitalofConfederacy. Richmond Burning .