20 46 Meddour Proof

20 46 Meddour Proof

Enquête ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales dans le Parc national du Djurdjura et sa zone d’influence, Algérie - Ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants in the Djurdjura National Park and its influence area, Algeria Rachid Meddour, Ouahiba Sahar and Malika Ouyessad Research l’affection la plus soignée par la population locale, qui utilise surtout les feuilles fraîches (46.32%) en infusion, préparation la plus fréquente (28.68%). Résumé Certaines plantes rares et endémiques figurent parmi celles utilisées, telles que Cedrus atlantica, Contexte: Il existe au Maghreb un système de santé Origanum vulgare subsp. glandulosum, Thymus traditionnel actif où les plantes médicinales sont numidicus et Isatis djurdjurae. omniprésentes. Un savoir-faire ancestral sur la médecine traditionnelle d’une richesse remarquable Correspondence existe encore dans la région forestière et montagnarde du Parc national du Djurdjura (Algérie). Rachid Meddour, Ouahiba Sahar, Malika Méthodes : Une enquête ethnobotanique a été Ouyessad entreprise sur le terrain auprès de 31 informateurs des villages d’Ait Ouabane, Ait Allaoua et Darna, par Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et des Sciences le biais d’un questionnaire et d’un entretien direct. Agronomiques, Université Mouloud Mammeri, Hasnaoua 2, BP 17 RP, 15 000 Tizi Ouzou, Algérie Résultats: Ce sont surtout les femmes illettrées, sans activité, âgées de plus de 50 ans, qui *Corresponding Author: [email protected] détiennent le plus de connaissances sur cette pratique médicinale traditionnelle. Au total, 80 Ethnobotany Research & Applications espèces végétales ont été recensées, elles 20:46 (2020) appartiennent à 73 genres et 43 familles. Les Lamiacées sont la famille la plus mentionnée avec 12 espèces différentes. Ces plantes aromatiques et Conclusion: Dans une perspective de conservation médicinales sont spontanées en grande majorité et de valorisation de ce savoir ethnobotanique, ces (81.25%). Elles servent à la préparation de 239 plantes médicinales, notamment endémiques et recettes thérapeutiques pouvant traiter un ensemble rares, méritent la plus grande attention conservatoire de 70 maladies et symptômes. L’indigestion est pour leur valeur patrimoniale et une recherche Manuscript received: 12/06/2020 - Revised manuscript received: 20/11/2020 - Published: 26/11/2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/era.20.46.1-25 2 pharmacologique pour leur grand intérêt dans la (80.2%) is spontaneous and occurs in natural pharmacopée traditionnelle montagnarde locale. habitats. The plants used in traditional medicine grow in forests (20.7% of the plants surveyed) and in Mots-clés: usages ethnomédicinaux, enquête maquis and garrigue (17.9%). Anthropogenic ethnobotanique, médecine traditionnelle, population habitats, and fallow fields (17.9%) and cultures rurale montagnarde, aire protégée, Kabylie. (19.8%) support a high proportion of medicinal plants. Plants of wetlands are involved at a high rate Abstract (13.21%) in the traditional pharmacopoeia in Background: It is recognized that 80% of the world National Park of Djurdjura. population uses traditional medicine for primary health care. In the Maghreb, there is a traditional The 80 medicinal plant species recognized are used health system where active medicinal plants are in the preparation of 239 therapeutic recipes, which ever-present. The main objective of this can treat 70 diseases and ailments in total. Nine ethnobotanical survey, conducted through a traditional recipes are prepared with Olea europaea protected area, the National Park of Djurdjura, is to subsp. europaea. Eight recipes are prepared with assess ethnobotanical knowledge, focusing on Origanum glandulosum and either "Quedhran” tar of traditional uses of medicinal plants, and to provide a Cedrus atlantica, montane species widespread in comprehensive inventory of plants used even today our study area. Six recipes are prepared with by people of this rural area. This knowledge, Juglans regia and five recipes with each of the traditions and ancestral skills are transmitted mainly following plants: Pistacia lentiscus, Nerium oleander, orally. It is therefore essential to collect Silybum marianum and Thymus numidicus. Finally, ethnomedicinal information especially in a the majority of plants (72) are used in 1-4 recipes of conservative perspective and recovery of ancestral traditional medicine. The 70 listed diseases are knowledge on traditional herbal medicine. gathered into 10 major disease groups: 4 groups contain between 10 and 14 diseases (digestive Methods: This study was performed in the National disorders, blood circulation, skin and respiratory). Park of Djurdjura (province of Tizi Ouzou), at three The range of plants used (47) in the group of villages located in the park or in the immediate digestive disorders, is higher than that of the other vicinity: Ait Ouabane, Ait Allaoua and Darna. This diseases groups. This group of digestive problems is National Park was labelled as a Biosphere Reserve easier to deal with because of the wider range of in 1997. The ethnobotanical survey fieldwork was medicinal plants used as remedies. The part of the conducted with 31 informants belonging to the local plant most used is the aerial part with 81.48%, inhabitants, who are native of villages surveyed, because of its availability. Infusion of fresh leaves is through direct interviews with a pre-established the most common preparation (24.26%). questionnaire, largely inspired from previous questionnaires developed in the Maghreb. The Conclusion: This ethnobotanical survey among rural sample selection was subjective and directed, in the and traditional healers allowed us to transcribe sense that, in general, we obtained information from faithfully oral knowledge, exposed today to a major key informants considered as local experts of risk of loss. Holders of this ethnomedicinal medicinal flora in each village concerned by the knowledge are 50 years old and over (often-illiterate survey. The ethnobotanical information obtained was women). The use of plants for therapeutic purposes entered in a table of raw and processed data using is legitimate, if it does not constitute a threat to the Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet to control and biodiversity. The preservation of this floristic diversity standardize information on several aspects. and especially rare species is necessary for the sustainability of this traditional medicine in Djurdjura Results: Overall, 80 plants with medicinal interest, National Park. Ethnobotanical data acquired on have been identified; they belong to 43 families and reveal important medicinal knowledge (great number 73 genera. The Lamiaceae family is the most of plants, diversity of uses and practices). Which represented with 12 different species. Utmost suggests promising perspectives in research and medicinal plants (88.75%) are non-toxic. clinical pharmacology. It is understood that a Furthermore, they are often multipurpose plants, significant proportion of the financial benefits of such since their medicinal, food and fodder utilities. an approach must return to holders of this knowledge Particularly, 41 of these wild plants yet still have an in fairness in a global socio-economic part of interest in food for rural populations. The toxicity of sustainability. some herbs (10.38%) is well known. They are used with caution in traditional medicine, and only for Keywords: Traditional knowledge, ethnomedicinal external use. This plant toxicity concerned humans study, rural population, protected area, Kabylia. and animals. The large majority of plants inventoried 3 Contexte ethnomédicinale publiée. Sans ces études Ces dernières décennies, il y a eu un regain d'intérêt ethnobotaniques, les informations ne seraient pas scientifique, tant dans les pays développés que dans enregistrées et, à mesure que la base de les pays émergeants, pour les systèmes connaissances évolue, elles pourraient traditionnels de médecine, et en particulier pour le éventuellement être perdues (Stolton & Dudley rôle que jouent les plantes dans de nombreuses 2010). De plus, l'étude des connaissances locales cultures, notamment à des fins médicinales (OMS sur les plantes médicinales à travers des études 2003). Certaines études effectuées dans la Région ethnobotaniques devient de plus en plus importante Méditerranéenne ont montré que de nombreuses dans la définition des stratégies de conservation et espèces médicinales possèdent des bénéfices pour d'utilisation durable des ressources végétales (da la santé humaine (Gonzalez-Tejero et al. 2008, Silva et al. 2019, Jeruto et al. 2008). Hadjichambis et al. 2008, Pieroni et al. 2006). Par ailleurs, la Convention sur la diversité biologique et C’est dans ce contexte global que l’objectif majeur la Stratégie mondiale pour la conservation des de cette enquête ethnobotanique, menée dans le plantes (SCDB 2012) ont reconnu l’importance et ont Parc national du Djurdjura est de dresser un fortement insisté sur la nécessité de documenter les inventaire aussi complet que possible des plantes connaissances autochtones sur l'utilisation des utilisées encore de nos jours et de leurs usages plantes et leur conservation. Les aires protégées traditionnels par les populations locales, qui vivent représentent un point de départ précieux pour toujours au contact du milieu naturel. Afin de étudier les relations entre les connaissances préserver et de transcrire le savoir et les pratiques autochtones quant à l’utilisation des espèces thérapeutiques acquis par les populations rurales végétales et

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    25 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us