Wisconsin Wood Marketing Team July 31, 2020 Pre-Feasibility Study for a Pulpwood-Using Facility Siting in the State of Wisconsin Project Director: Donald Peterson Funded by: State of Wisconsin U.S. Forest Service Wood Innovations Table of Contents Project Team ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 7 Foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview ....................................................................................................... 12 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 Assessment Process ................................................................................................................................ 14 Identify potential pulp and wood composite panel technologies ...................................................... 15 Define pulpwood availability .............................................................................................................. 15 Identify state and federal environmental regulations ........................................................................ 15 Describe transportation infrastructure ............................................................................................... 16 Describe public utility infrastructure .................................................................................................. 16 Chapter 2: Wisconsin Profile ....................................................................................................................... 17 General Overview ................................................................................................................................... 17 Forest Resource ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Ownership ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Certification ......................................................................................................................................... 20 Forest Industry ........................................................................................................................................ 20 Primary Producer Industry .................................................................................................................. 21 Timber Harvesting ............................................................................................................................... 25 Transportation Infrastructure ................................................................................................................. 28 Utility Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................... 28 Workforce Labor ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 3. Overview of Environmental Regulations for Pulpwood Using Facilities ................................... 30 Permits/Regulatory Requirements ......................................................................................................... 30 Preconstruction Activities and Permitting Requirements .................................................................. 30 Operation Requirements .................................................................................................................... 31 Solid Waste Disposal Options for Pulpwood Using Facilities .................................................................. 33 Solid Waste Disposal Options for Pulp Mills ....................................................................................... 33 Landfill Standards:................................................................................................................................... 35 Landspreading: ........................................................................................................................................ 35 Environmental Analysis and Public Disclosure........................................................................................ 36 Negotiations/Arbitration of Local Approvals: ......................................................................................... 36 Assistance from WIDNR .......................................................................................................................... 37 Chapter 4: Raw Materials Supply ................................................................................................................ 38 Timber Resource ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 38 Growing Stock Volume ........................................................................................................................ 39 Defining the Surplus Timber Resource ............................................................................................... 40 Growth ................................................................................................................................................ 41 Mortality ............................................................................................................................................. 42 Timber Harvest Removals ................................................................................................................... 43 Surplus................................................................................................................................................. 43 Pulpwood Specification ....................................................................................................................... 46 Timber Availability .............................................................................................................................. 47 Pulpwood Stumpage Prices ................................................................................................................ 48 Pulpwood Delivery Considerations ..................................................................................................... 51 Timber Resource in Minnesota and Michigan .................................................................................... 51 Uses for Pulpwood .............................................................................................................................. 53 Potential Uses for Pulpwood .............................................................................................................. 56 International Pulpwood Export Markets for Wisconsin ..................................................................... 57 In-Woods Chips ....................................................................................................................................... 57 Separate Chipping Facilities .................................................................................................................... 57 Mill Residue ............................................................................................................................................. 57 Chapter 5 Pulpwood Using Industries......................................................................................................... 58 Pulp and Paper Industry .......................................................................................................................... 58 Pulp Definition .................................................................................................................................... 58 Paper and Paperboard Definitions ...................................................................................................... 59 Wisconsin’s Pulp and Paper Industry .................................................................................................. 59 Pulp Supply .......................................................................................................................................... 60 Paper and Paperboard Supply ............................................................................................................ 63 Pulp Demand ....................................................................................................................................... 65 Paper and Paperboard Demand.......................................................................................................... 66 Wood Composite Panel Industry ............................................................................................................ 67 Wood Composite Panel Definitions