The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey THE WINTER’S TALE: Student Activities Guide CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES GUIDE The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey’s production of The Winter’s Tale By William Shakespeare Directed by Bonnie J. Monte The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey THE WINTER’S TALE: Student Activities Guide InThis Guide – About This Guide ............................................................................................................2 – The Life of William Shakespeare .....................................................................................3 – Shakespeare’s London.....................................................................................................4 – Are You Sure This Is English? ...........................................................................................5 – Who Said That? ...............................................................................................................7 – What Did They Say? ........................................................................................................8 – Test Your Understanding ..................................................................................................9 – Topics for Discussion ....................................................................................................11 – Follow-up Activities ......................................................................................................12 – Meeting the Core Curriculum Standards .......................................................................13 – Sources and Further Reading ........................................................................................14 – About the Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey ...............................................................15 – Additional Opportunities for Students and Teachers ......................................................16 1 The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey THE WINTER’S TALE: Student Activities Guide About This Guide One of the principal goals of The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey’s education programs is to demystify the classics, take them “off the shelf,” and re-energize them for students and teachers alike. Toward these goals, this Classroom Activities Guide, used in conjunction with our Audience Guide, provide educators with tools to both allay their own concerns and to expand the theatre-going experience for their students beyond the field trip to The Shakespeare Theatre. The information included in this guide will help you expand your students’ understanding of classic literature in performance, as well as help you meet many of the New Jersey Common Core Standards. We encourage you to impart as much of the information included in the Classroom Activities Guide and the Audience Guide to your students as possible. The following are some suggestions from teachers on how you can best utilize elements of these guides given limited classroom time. •JUST THE BASICS: Many teachers have found that distributing or reading the SYNOPSIS and WHO‘S WHO pages from the Audience Guide has greatly increased students’ understanding and enjoyment of the production. It provides the students with a general understanding of what they will be seeing and what they can expect. Some teachers simply take the last five minutes of a class period to do this with very positive results. •MINI TEAM-RESEARCH PROJECTS: When more class time is available prior to your visit, we recommend incorporating the background information on the era in which the play is set as well the play itself. One teacher divided her class into groups and assigned each group research topics based on the divisions found in this guide as well as the Audience Guide. Using a copy of the corresponding Audience Guide page as a launch pad, the students had one week to research the topics. The students then presented their information to the class in three- to five-minute oral reports. Including the questions that evolved from the presentations, the entire project took only one class period. •POST-SHOW DISCUSSION: Using the questions found in the “TOPICS FOR DISCUSSION,” many teachers will opt to take a class period after their trip to The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey to discuss the play with their students. The questions help keep the comments focused on the production, while incorporating various thematic and social issues that are found in the play. •GET ON YOUR FEET: One school spent two days working through performance- based activities (a few of which are suggested in the “FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES” section) with a particularly “difficult and rowdy” class. They were astounded “What’s My Line?” with the results. Promoting Active Listening Again, we hope you will incorporate as many portions of this guide as you Teacher-tested, student-approved! are able into your classroom experience. If you have any suggestions for Try this exercise with your students: activities or topics not already found in the Audience Guide, please contact our Education Department. We are always interested in hearing new ways Before attending the production, give each to excite young people (and teachers) about Shakespeare and live theatre. student one line from the play to listen for. Discuss the meaning of the line and encourage Happy Teaching, their input in deciphering what the intention of the line might be. How would the student perform the line? Why is the line important to the play? Does it advance the plot, or give the Brian B. Crowe, audience particular insight into a character or Director of Education relationship? Following the production, discuss the line again. Did the actor present the line in the way your student expected? If not, how was it different? 2 The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey THE WINTER’S TALE: Student Activities Guide The Life William of Shakespeare William two epic poems, and over 150 sonnets. His work Shakespeare, was immensely popular, appealing to members widely of all social spheres including Queen Elizabeth recognized as I and King James I. While the plays were well- the greatest liked, Shakespeare’s work was not considered by English his educated contemporaries to be exceptional. dramatist, was By 1608, Shakespeare’s involvement with theatre born on April began to dwindle, and he spent more time at his 23, 1564. He country home in Stratford. He died in 1616. was the third of National Portrait Gallery, London eight children Most of Shakespeare’s plays found their first born to John major publication in 1623, seven years after Shakespeare Shakespeare’s death, when two of his fellow and Mary Arden of Stratford-upon-Avon actors put the plays together in the First Folio. in Warwickshire, England. Shakespeare’s Other early printings of Shakespeare’s plays father was a prominent local merchant, and were called quartos, a printer’s term referring Shakespeare’s childhood, though little is known to the format in which the about it for certain, appears to have been publication was laid quite normal. In fact, it seems that the young out. These quartos Shakespeare was allowed considerable leisure and the First time because his writing contains extensive Folio texts are knowledge of hunting and hawking. In 1582, the sources of he married Anne Hathaway, the daughter of a all modern farmer. She was eight years his senior, and the printings of match was considered unconventional. Shakespeare’s plays. It is believed that Shakespeare left Stratford- upon-Avon and went to London around 1588. By 1592, he was a successful actor and playwright. He wrote approximately 38 plays, The Shakespeare Family Coat of Arms 3 The Shakespeare Theatre of New Jersey THE WINTER’S TALE: Student Activities Guide Shakespeare’s Londonth th London in the late 16 and early 17 centuries Often a was a bustling urban center filled with a wide nobleman variety of people and cultures. Although most would become life centered around making a living or going a patron to to church, the main source of diversion for an artist or Londoners was the theatre. It was a form of company entertainment accessible to people of all classes; of actors, The rich and the poor, the aristocrats and the providing for beggars all met at the theatre. Though often their financial appeasing the church or the monarchy, theatre needs and at this time did experience a freedom that was sheltering them unknown in previous generations. Evidence to some degree from official sanctions. In return, of this can be found in the numerous bawdy the company would adopt the name of the patron. and pagan references found in Shakespeare’s Shakespeare’s acting company was originally plays. This relative artistic license and freedom named “Lord Chamberlain’s Men” after their patron of expression made theatre extremely unpopular Henry Carey, the Lord Chamberlain. Later, under among certain members of society, and it was the patronage of King James I, they were known as later banned entirely by the Puritans. Not until “The King’s Men,” an unprecedented honor at the the reign of Charles II (1660-1685) was the theatre time. restored to the status it held in Shakespeare’s day. Despite the flourishing of the arts at this time, The Globe Theatre, the resident playhouse London was sometimes a desolate place. for Shakespeare’s company of actors, was Outbreaks of the Black Plague (the bubonic plague) easily accessible to Londoners and an active frequently erupted, killing thousands of citizens. social center. Actors and performers were Theaters, shops, and the government all shut also regularly