SHOALWATER BAY INDIAN TRIBE 2014 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN ` Bridgeview Consulting, LLC Bridging the Gap in Emergency Management Services 915 No. Laurel Lane Tacoma, WA 98406 Tel 253.301.1330 Fax 253.460.8220 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN FINAL SEPTEMBER 2014 Prepared for: Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe P.O. Box 130 Tokeland, WA 98590 Prepared by: ` Bridgeview Consulting, LLC Bridging the Gap in Emergency Management Services 915 No. Laurel Lane Tacoma, WA 98406 Tel 253.301.1330 Fax 253.460.8220 Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... E-1 Chapter 1. Introduction to the Planning Process ................................................................................................ 1-1 Chapter 2. Plan Development Methodology ...................................................................................................... 2-1 Chapter 3. Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe Profile ................................................................................................ 3-1 Chapter 4. Planning Area Natural Environment ................................................................................................ 4-1 Chapter 5. Demographics, Development and Regulation .................................................................................. 5-1 Chapter 6. Risk Assessment Introduction .......................................................................................................... 6-2 Chapter 7. Coastal Erosion ................................................................................................................................ 7-1 Chapter 8. Earthquake........................................................................................................................................ 8-1 Chapter 9. Flood ................................................................................................................................................ 9-1 Chapter 10. Landslide ...................................................................................................................................... 10-1 Chapter 11. Severe Weather ............................................................................................................................ 11-1 Chapter 12. Tsunami ........................................................................................................................................ 12-1 Chapter 13. Wildfire ........................................................................................................................................ 13-1 Chapter 14. Human-Caused Threats ................................................................................................................ 14-1 Chapter 15. Technological Hazards ................................................................................................................. 15-1 Chapter 16. Risk Ranking ................................................................................................................................ 16-1 Chapter 17. Mitigation Initiatives .................................................................................................................... 17-1 Chapter 18. Implementation ............................................................................................................................ 18-1 References......................................................................................................................................................... R-1 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Appendecies Appendix A. Acronyms and Definitions ......................................................................................................... A-1 Appendix B. Public Outreach ………………………………………………………………………………. B-1 Appendix C. Mitigation Alternative Catalogs .................................................................................................. C-1 Appendix D. Example Progress Report ........................................................................................................... D-1 Table of Tables Table 1-1. Grant Opportunities .......................................................................................................................... 1-4 Table 1-2. Shoalwater Bay Tribe Hazard Mitigation Plan Objectives ............................................................... 1-5 Table 2-1. Planning Team Membership ............................................................................................................. 2-5 Table 2-2. Plan Development Milestones ........................................................................................................ 2-14 Table 4-1. Presidential Disaster Declarations for Hazard Events in Planning Area .......................................... 4-6 Table 5-1. Legal and Regulatory Capability .................................................................................................... 5-12 Table 5-2. Administrative and Technical Capability ....................................................................................... 5-18 Table 5-3. Fiscal Capability ............................................................................................................................. 5-18 Table 7-1. Area and Structures in the Floodplain ............................................................................................ 7-10 Table 8-1. Earthquake Magnitude and Intensity ................................................................................................ 8-4 Table 8-2. Mercalli Scale and Peak Ground Acceleration Comparison............................................................. 8-6 Table 8-3. NEHRP Soil Classification System .................................................................................................. 8-6 Table 8-4. Historical Earthquakes Impacting the Planning Area ....................................................................... 8-7 Table 8-5. USGS Identified Faults In Pacific County........................................................................................ 8-8 Table 8-6. Age Of Structures Within Planning Area ....................................................................................... 8-22 Table 8-7. Estimated Earthquake-Caused Economic Building damage .......................................................... 8-23 Table 8-8. Estimated Damage to Facilities from 100-Year Probablistic Earthquake ...................................... 8-24 Table 8-9. Estimated Damage to Facilities from 500-Year Probablistic Earthquake ...................................... 8-24 Table 8-10. Estimated Damage to Facilities from Cascadia 9.0M Earthquake ............................................... 8-25 Table 8-11. Functionality of Critical Facilities for 100-Year Probablistic (5.0M) Event ............................... 8-25 Table 8-12. Functionality of Critical Facilities for Cascadia 9.0M Event ....................................................... 8-26 Table 9-1. Shoalwater Bay Tribe Flood Events ................................................................................................. 9-5 Table 9-2. Area and Structures in the Floodplain ............................................................................................ 9-13 Table 9-3. Value of Structures in the Floodplain ............................................................................................. 9-13 Table 9-4. Loss Estimates For Flood ............................................................................................................... 9-16 Table 10-1. Landslide Areas of Impact Pacific County 1956-2013 ................................................................. 10-5 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table 10-2. Percent Slope ................................................................................................................................ 10-5 Table 10-3. Exposure and Value of Structures in Landslide Risk Areas ....................................................... 10-11 Table 10-4. Structures Exposed to Landslide Risk Areas .............................................................................. 10-12 Table 10-5. Loss Estimates for Landslide ...................................................................................................... 10-13 Table 11-1. Monthly Temperatures* ............................................................................................................... 11-2 Table 11-2. Severe Weather Events Impacting Planning Area 1960 - 2013 .................................................... 11-8 Table 11-3. Loss Estimates for Severe Weather ............................................................................................ 11-15 Table 12-1. Recorded Height of Tsunami Waves from 1960 Chilean Earthquake .......................................... 12-4 Table 12-2. Recorded Height of Tsunami Waves from 1964 Alaska Earthquake ........................................... 12-5 Table 12-3. Recorded Height of Tsunami Waves from 2006 Kuril Island Earthquake ................................... 12-6 Table 12-4. Recorded Height of Tsunami Waves from 2011 Japan Earthquake ............................................. 12-7 Table 12-5. Structures Exposed to Tsunami Inundation Zone ......................................................................