STATE OF OHIO Bob Taft, Governor OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Samuel W. Speck, Director DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas M. Berg, Chief 2000 REPORT ON OHIO MINERAL INDUSTRIES WITH DIRECTORIES OF REPORTING COAL AND INDUSTRIAL MINERAL OPERATORS DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4383 FOUNTAIN SQUARE DRIVE COLUMBUS, OHIO 43224-1362 (614) 265-6576 (614) 447-1918 (FAX) e-mail: [email protected] World Wide Web: http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geo_survey/ OHIO GEOLOGY ADVISORY COUNCIL Ms. F. Lynn Kantner, representing At-Large Citizens Mr. David A. Wilder, representing Coal Mr. C. Robert Lennertz, representing Environmental Geology Dr. Mark R. Boardman, representing Higher Education Dr. Robert W. Ritzi, Jr., representing Hydrogeology Mr. Ronald M. Tipton, representing Industrial Minerals Mr. William M. Rike, representing Oil and Gas SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL STAFF OF THE DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ADMINISTRATION (614) 265-6988 Thomas M. Berg, MS, State Geologist and Division Chief Dennis N. Hull, MS, Assistant State Geologist and Assistant Division Chief Michael C. Hansen, PhD, Senior Geologist, Ohio Geology Editor, and Geohazards Officer Betty R. Lewis, Fiscal Officer James M. Patterson, Account Clerk Sharon L. Stone, AD, Executive Secretary GEOLOGIC MAPPING GROUP (614) 265-6473 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY GROUP (614) 265-6598 Edward Mac Swinford, MS, Geologist Supervisor Lawrence H. Wickstrom, MS, Geologist Supervisor Richard R. Pavey, MS, Surficial Mapping Administrator Mark T. Baranoski, MS, Geologist C. Scott Brockman, MS, Geologist James McDonald, MS, Geologist Glenn E. Larsen, MS, Geologist Ronald A. Riley, MS, Geologist Gregory A. Schumacher, MS, Geologist Joseph G. Wells, MS, Database Administrator Douglas L. Shrake, MS, Geologist Kim E. Vorbau, BS, Geologist COAL GEOLOGY GROUP (614) 265-6594 Douglas L. Crowell, MS, Geologist Supervisor LAKE ERIE GEOLOGY GROUP (419) 626-4296, Ernie R. Slucher, MS, Geologist (419) 626-8767 (FAX) Constance J. Livchak, MS, Geologist Supervisor CARTOGRAPHY & EDITING GROUP (614) 265-6593 Danielle A. Foye, BS, Geologist Jonathan A. Fuller, MS, Geologist Edward V. Kuehnle, BA, Cartographer Supervisor Donald E. Guy, Jr., MS, Senior Geologist Merrianne Hackathorn, MS, Geologist and Editor Diane E. Honoshofsky, Secretary Robert L. Stewart, Sr., Cartographer Dale L. Liebenthal, Operations Officer & Research Vessel Operator Lisa Van Doren, BA, Electronic Designer INDUSTRIAL MINERALS GROUP (740) 548-7348 GEOLOGIC RECORDS CENTER (614) 265-6585 David A. Stith, MS, Geologist Supervisor Garry E. Yates, NZCS, Supervisor Ronald G. Rea, MS, Geologist and Sample Repository Manager Madge R. Fitak, BS, Office Assistant Mark E. Wolfe, BS, Geologist Sharon E. Lundy, Office Assistant An Equal Opportunity Employer - M/F/H recycled paper STATE OF OHIO Bob Taft, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Samuel W. Speck, Director DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas M. Berg, Chief 2000 REPORT ON OHIO MINERAL INDUSTRIES WITH DIRECTORIES OF REPORTING COAL AND INDUSTRIAL MINERAL OPERATORS compiled by Mark E. Wolfe Columbus 2001 Database design and data retrieval: Joseph G. Wells Cover photo: Members of the morning shift exiting the Buckingham Coal Co., Inc., underground coal mine at Typesetting and layout: Lisa Van Doren Glouster, Athens County. Crew members are Wilbur Burke, Bo Butler, Mike Cole, Chris Cosgrave, Tim Decore, Cover photo: Michael D. Williams Frank Dunwoody, Roger Holbrooks, Kris Papageorge, Don Pettet, John Procacci, Warren Skeenes, Hillard Thacker, Roy Wickham, and Gary Barraclough. The Glouster mine produces from the Pennsylvanian-age Middle Kittanning (No. 6) coal seam. Average coal thick- ness is 8 feet. The 64 employees produce more than 1 million tons of low- to medium-sulfur coal each year. iv PREFACE In the wake of the appalling terrorist events of September 11, 2001, we need to keep a cautious eye on our natural resources. Self-sufficiency and protection of our domestic mineral, fuel, and water resources for future gen- erations of Americans is crucial as we confront world terrorism. As we work to secure our nation, part of that effort should focus seriously on how our land is used and knowing where our resources are located. Careful consider- ation should be given to developing land-use plans that ensure reserves of valuable mineral resources will be available for our children and grandchil- dren to use. If, through a variety of decisions about land use, we render nearby aggre- gate resources like sand and gravel or limestone and dolomite unavailable for extraction, the costs to develop and maintain our infrastructure will soar— further weakening our economy. If we do not find environmentally acceptable ways to utilize our abundant remaining coal and oil and gas resources (see this report’s cover photo), we risk being held hostage by foreign energy suppliers. If we do not locate and characterize our aquifers through careful, three-dimensional geologic mapping, we will not know how to best protect our ground-water supplies from the threat of terrorist acts. All the employees of the ODNR, Division of Geological Survey extend their heartfelt sympathy to the victims and affected families of the September 11, 2001, tragedies. We join with President Bush and Governor Taft in the struggle to free our world of terrorism. We pledge to work hard to identify and secure our precious natural resources, and make geology serve the public good. Thomas M. Berg State Geologist & Chief v FOREWORD The mineral industries of Ohio began the new millennium in a positive way, continuing to provide the quality and quantity of commodities the market- place demands. Ohio coal production stabilized in 2000 after a significant decline in 1999. Early estimates from the Energy Information Administration indicate Ohio coal production may increase more than 10 percent in 2001. Industrial-mineral production in Ohio declined slightly in 2000 from near-record levels, most likely a reflection of the slowing state and national economies. Higher prices for oil and gas resulted in a 13.6 percent increase in the number of wells drilled in Ohio during 2000. The 2000 U.S. Census highlights several significant population trends in Ohio. Columbus and surrounding counties of central Ohio gained nearly 200,000 new residents between 1990 and 2000. Delaware County, north of Columbus, led the state with a 64.3 percent population increase since 1990. The Ohio counties surrounding Cincinnati also had substantial increases, add- ing more than 110,000 residents. Warren County, northeast of Cincinnati, was second in the state with a 39.0 percent population increase since 1990. One of the more surprising aspects of the 2000 census was the healthy population increase in several rural Ohio counties: Noble County, +24 percent; Brown County, +20.9 percent; Holmes County, +18.6 percent; Vinton County, +15.4 percent; Knox County, +14.8 percent; Clinton County, +14.5 percent; and High- land County, +14.4 percent. Several Ohio cities and villages experienced ex- plosive growth: Hudson, +335 percent; Pataskala, +236 percent; Hilliard, +105 percent; Mason, +92 percent; Dublin, +92 percent; Springboro, +88 percent; and Twinsburg, +77 percent. These trends will likely continue and may possi- bly accelerate in the future. Census data can be a powerful tool for predicting demand for the commodities produced by the Ohio mineral industry. (For more information on the 2000 Census in Ohio, visit the Ohio Department of Development’s Web site: <http://www.odod.state.oh.us/>.) This year’s article, “Gypsum in Ohio,” is the first update on Ohio’s gypsum-mining industry in 38 years and, unfortunately, may be the last such review. The only remaining gypsum mine in Ohio was shut down in August 2001 by BPB-Celotex, ending 180 years of gypsum mining in the state. Factors that led to the closure include reduced demand for gypsum wallboard and intense competition from plants in surrounding states that use flue-gas-desulfurization gypsum, which is a waste by-product of primarily coal-fired power-generating stations. The assistance that Jeff McLean of Buckingham Coal Co., Inc., gave us in obtaining the photographs for the cover and interior of the Report is greatly appreciated. It was amazing to see a 10-foot-plus-thick coal seam in Ohio, and going into an underground mine with ample head room was a new experi- ence. It is encouraging that a major new mine in Ohio is able to open, given the challenges the industry faces. Your suggestions for further improvements in the Report on Ohio mineral industries are always welcome. The Ohio Division of Geological Survey has numerous resources to assist the mineral industry and is always available to discuss geologic conditions across the state. Mark E. Wolfe Geologist 740-548-7348, extension 26 e mail: [email protected] vi CONTENTS Preface ............................................................................................................................ v Foreword......................................................................................................................... vi Gypsum in Ohio, by Mark E. Wolfe .................................................................................. 1 2000 Ohio mining activities in brief ............................................................................... 7 Coal ................................................................................................................................. 10 Industrial minerals .........................................................................................................