Illustrations Key: Four of the many interesting articles in this publication year (see 4 illustrations at right) were: • Investing in Fuel Tank Infrastructure in the Architecture of Lunar Exploration • Overhead railroads and cableways • Mars to Stay • Pie in the Sky: The Moon’s bounty of elements for building materials as the basis for industriali- zation Other articles of note include: • LUNAR ENTERPRISE & OPPORTUNITY by Dave Dietzler, (part 5 concl.) • Lunar Settlements are critical to the “Economic Case for Mars” • International Lunar Research Park concept introduced • Lunar Research & Development: top 5 priorities • Magnesium & Iron • SPS Materials Alternatives • Skinsuit “Accessories” may “open” the surface to lunar pioneers • Space Settlements vs Planetary Surface Settlements • “Its Not Getting Done” (five parts) by Martha Adams • Design concepts for the Moon/Mars Atacama Research Station proposed for Northern Chile • Extracting minor elements from moondust • The International Space Station as model for an International Lunar Research Station • Resources of Mare Imbrium and Oceanus Procelarum • Defining the Lunar Industrial Seed – Dietz 1-3a • 20 Questions about Resources on the Moon • Antarctica’s McMurdo Sound: History of Growth vs. possible patterns of Growth of 1st Lunar Settlements In Addition There were a number of Book Reviews. We do not preplan the article spread in any publication year. Some topics are revisited more often than others. It all depends on the inspirations of the contributing authors. Check out all the Moon Miners’ Manifesto Classic files: www.moonsociety.org/publications/mmm_classics/ Thanks, and Enjoy! 1 complexity of lunar enterprise, outside support will become necessary. He forecasts these emerging Earth markets providing Lunar Enterprises (1) Operational performance on the terrestrial surface; (2) Monitoring of in-flight performance; And Development (3) Research and testing laboratories; Especially prepared for Moon Miners Manifesto. (4) Technology transfer consultation; © Philip R. Harris, 2009 – [email protected] (5) Lunar-base simulations and mock-ups for testing Installment 5 - Conclusion layouts, ergonomics, and technical functioning; 4.1 Lunar Start-up Enterprises (6) Facilities and services for lunar spacefarers, whether crew, workers, or settlers and eventually tourists (e.g., Back in Exhibits 131 and 132, we indicated the possi- medical and psychological evaluation, etc.). To this end, bilities. First, it will be in building housing and facilities, as the American Society of Civil Engineers has already well as providing survival systems for the lunar pioneers. recommended establishment of a Lunar Center for These will relate to radiation protection, lunar dust, safety and Extraterrestrial Engineering and Construction. 38 wellness, water and food supplies, waste disposal, and espe- cially communication systems, both on the Moon and to Earth. As always in any orbital undertaking, lunar space Next the real industrialization processes will get suits will have to be improved beyond those used in Apollo underway – turning lunar soil with its oxides into oxygen and missions some forth years ago. That complete garment with fuel; constructing transportation systems on the lunar surface; helmet, gloves, and boots weighed over 200 Earth pounds¸ and installing detection sensors against hazardous conditions, today manufacturers can produce a suite of new, light-weight materials and objects, et al. In subsequent stages of lunar materials with improved life support and communication development, there will be a variety of undertakings – from functions, as well as a radiation dosimeter, such as presently scientific experiments and telescopes, to arranging for solar used for EVA’s on the International Space Station. In energy supplies, mining helium-3, and a host of necessary addition, lunar surface vehicles and shelters will have to be activities. The latter will include broadcasting from the Moon, designed, built, and shipped to the Moon with provisions for lunar education and training, eventually tourism and settle- complete life support systems therein. Vendors will need to ment services. Should the initial lunar outpost be founded at devise mechanism for inventory control, and monitoring, both the lunar south pole to take advantage of its shadowed craters, on the ground and aloft, for all such critical equipment. almost continuous sun, and view of the sun, a second site Telepresence: might be developed at the lunar northpole for s continuous One for the greatest opportunities for private enterprise communications center and observatory. Someday these two is to create the necessary communication systems for people to locations may be connected by a lunar “railroad.” use on the lunar surface, and between the Moon and Earth. The Beginning with the individual responsibilities of lunarpresent mission control approach of space agencies will be project managers and contract supervisors, regulators and obsolete by the time lunar operations are underway. Therefore, administrators will likely growing in number. So will a one promising possibility is the new technology available for security system of peacekeepers until a full governance system telepresence.* To cut down on costly and sometime dangerous can be instituted. Whether in ground support services or orbital business travel, the old technology of video-conferencing has endeavors, terrestrial systems will have to be adapted for been updated and gone high tech, with increased speed and budgeting, funding, accounting, reporting, information quality of transmission, as well as improved, high-definition management, and technology transfer. This is what we discus- screens and reception. It creates the impression among sed as macroplanning and management in chapters 7 and 8 participants that they are in the same room, though individuals 4.2 Earth - Support Enterprises or groups may be very far apart. It would be the perfect communication technology to reduce the distance in cislunar Obviously, spaceports will play a big role in lunar exploration, space! as Derek Webber reminded us in 7.2. Whether on the ground If the R & D were undertaken now between earthkind or in orbit, they will be critical for more than maintaining and and spacefarers on the International Space Station, then it launching spacecraft. Spaceports will be where spacefarers might be feasible to introduce a working system for the benefit will be initially housed, fed, and processed before going off- of lunar workers and settlers by the end of the next decade. world. An emerging market will be expertise in constructing Such telepresence could not only improve business and lunar spaceports, beginning with the initial port of entry.. management conferencing between Earth and the Moon, but Contractors will be required to build each aspect of the lunar benefit families and friends in both locations to maintain transportation system, from the ground to the lunar surface and relations. It would be a counterpoint to the isolation and around the Moon itself.. alienation that humans might experience on the Moon, so cut In his book, From Footprints to Blueprints, Michael off from their fellows on the home planet. Ross examines many dimensions of lunar development and Presently, the leading manufacturers are Hewlett- private enterprise. 37 This Canadian engineer reminds us that Packard and Cisco who have yet to appreciate the market pros- all lunar activities will require support facilities and services pects for their technology and services offworld. Hollywood’s on Earth, to a greater or lesser extent. Sometimes the stakeholders will have the necessary technical expertise within * the sponsoring organization. But with increased scope and “Behold Telepresence – Far Away but Strangely Personal,” The Economist, August 24th, 2007, pp. 57-58/ 2 Dream Works is in the emerging business, using telepresence _ Technology research and development by “technauts” systems to make movies cheaper and faster by allowing trained to begin the utilization of lunar resources, from oxygen creative types worldwide to confer without actually traveling and water (H-E extraction), to solar energy and mining to meet one another. Now imagine if this technology could prospects (helium-3), to broadcasting special programs to also be used to transmit to the Moon the latest movies, sports, Earth’s inhabitants, to lunar farming and experiments on a or entertainment events! The market will be there to capitalize “critter colony,” etc… upon in twenty years for the entrepreneurs who start now! _ Expansion of the lunar population beyond contractors and Frost & Sullivan forecast that this innovative techno-logy will technauts, to tourists and recruiting settlers who agree to live develop into a $1.24 billion terrestrial market by 2013. Do on the Moon for a year or more – this involves pre-departure some “mindstretching” about the market income prospects and onsite training of families, and providing sufficient beyond Earth! support services while aloft, and upon return to the home 4.3 Lunar Base Location and Expansion planet. (Refer back to chapter 6.) NASA, ESA, and other partners are conducting site H. H. Koelle, a respected German researcher at the searches for the best location of the initial outpost and/or base Technical University of Berlin, has published on the subject, on the lunar surface. Some consensus is building for the South “Steps toward a Lunar Settlement.” 40 As chairman of a lunar Pole near “Malapert” Mountains,