農試所特刊第 173 號 Special Publication of TARI No. 173 2013 媒介昆蟲與蟲媒病害 國際研討會專刊 Proceedings of the 2013 International Symposium on Insect Vectors and Insect-Borne Diseases 主編 張宗仁 李啟陽 石憲宗 Edited by Chung-Jan Chang, Chi-Yang Lee, and Hsien-Tzung Shih 行政院農業委員會 Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan 行政院農業委員會農業試驗所 Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, COA, Executive Yuan 行政院農業委員會動植物防疫檢疫局 Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, COA, Executive Yuan 中華民國一○二年八月 August, 2013 The 2013 International Symposium on Insect Vectors and Insect-Borne Diseases 2013 媒介昆蟲與蟲媒病害國際研討會 Agenda 議程表 Speaker Moderator Schedule Program/ schedule (Institution) (Institution) August 6th (Tue) 08:30-09:20 Registration 09:20-09:40 Opening Session: Opening Remarks: Welcome Address (Dr. Junne-Jih Chen, Director-General, TARI, COA) 09:40-10:00 Tea Break and Group Photo 10:00-11:00 Keynote speech: Invasive Dr. Alexander H. 葉 瑩處長 potential of Xylella fastidiosa Purcell (UC Dr. Ying Yeh, Berkeley, USA) Director General 11:00-12:00 Keynote speech: Fastidious Dr. Chung-Jan (Department of prokaryotes and plant health Chang (University Science and of Georgia, USA) Technology, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan) 12:00-13:20 Lunch Break 13:20-13:50 Matsumura’s collection of Dr. Kazunori 何琦琛博士 froghoppers and sharpshooters Yoshizawa Dr. Chyi-Chen Ho (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) of (University of (Applied Zoology Taiwan in the Hokkaido Hokkaido, Japan) Division, TARI: University Insect Collection Retired Senior 13:50-14:40 Overview of the phylogeny, Dr. Christopher H. Entomologist) taxonomy and diversity of the Dietrich (INHS, leafhopper (Hemiptera: Prairie Research Auchenorrhyncha: Institute, USA) Cicadomorpha: Membracoidea:Cicadellidae) vectors of plant pathogens 14:40-15:00 Tea Break 15:00-15:50 How effective is sharpshooter Dr. Matthew P. 蔡志偉博士 control at limiting Pierce's Daugherty (UC Dr. Chi-Wei Tsai disease spread in California Riverside, USA) (Department of vineyards? Entomology, 15:50-16:40 Habitat effects on population Dr. Rodrigo National Taiwan density and movement of insect Krugner University (NTU)) vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in (USDA-ARS in California, USA Parlier, USA) Dr. Chung-Jan 16:40-17:30 Panel Discussion Chang (University of Georgia, USA) August 7th (Wed) 08:30-09:10 Registration 09:10-10:10 Keynote speech: Xylella fastidiosa Dr. Rodrigo P. P. 高靜華組長 diversity Almeida (UC Cing-Hua Kao, Berkeley, USA) Director 10:10-10:30 Tea Break (Applied Zoology 10:30-11:10 Xylella fastidiosa-elicited leaf Dr. Wen-Ling Division, TARI) scorch diseases in Taiwan Deng (NCHU, Taiwan, ROC) 11:10-12:00 Taxonomy and biology of egg Dr. Serguei V. parasitoids of Auchenorryncha of Triapitsyn (UC economic importance in Taiwan Riverside, USA) and adjacent countries, and of Proconiine sharpshooters in the New World 12:00-13:00 Lunch Break 13:00-13:50 The occurrence of Pierce’s Dr. Chiou-Chu Su 詹富智主任 disease of grapevines and its (TACTRI, Taiwan, Fuh-Jyh Jan, control strategies in Taiwan ROC) Director 13:50-14:40 Potential vectors of Pierce’s Dr. Hsien-Tzung (Department of disease in Taiwan: ecology and Shih (TARI, Plant Pathology, integrated management Taiwan, ROC) National Chung 14:40-15:40 Understanding bacterial virulence Dr. Hong Lin Hsing University genes and mechanisms of host (USDA-ARS in (NCHU)) response in insect-mediated citrus Parlier, USA) Huanglongbing 15:40-16:00 Tea Break 16:00-16:50 An integrated management of Dr. Chia-Hsin Tsai 安寶貞組長 citrus Huanglongbing in Taiwan (TARI, Taiwan, Pao-Jen Ann, ROC) Director (Plant Pathology 16:50-17:30 Panel Discussion Division, TARI) August 8th (Thu) 08:20-08:40 Registration 08:40-09:40 Keynote speech: The new Dr. Elaine A. 楊恩誠教授 third-generation, AC-DC EPG Backus Prof. En-Cheng monitor and its usefulness for (USDA-ARS in Yang (Department IPM research on vectors of plant Parlier, USA) of pathogens Entomology, NTU) 09:40-10:00 Tea Break 10:00-10:50 Tospoviruses and thrips- is there Dr. Laurence A. 王清玲博士 an evolutionary relationship? Mound (CSIRO Dr. Chin-Ling Wang Ecosystem (Applied Zoology Sciences, Division, TARI: : Australia) Retired Senior Entomologist and Director) 10:50-11:30 Tomato leaf curl disease in Dr. Wen-Shi Tsai 路光暉主任 Taiwan and breeding for (AVRDC- The Kuang-Hui Lu, resistance against it World Vegetable Director Center) (Department of 11:30-12:10 Insect transmission of tomato Dr. Chi-Wei Tsai Entomology, yellow leaf curl viruses (NTU, Taiwan, NCHU) ROC) 12:10-13:10 Lunch Break 李奇峰博士 13:30-14:10 Visit to the Insect Collection at TARI Dr. Chi-Feng Lee (Applied Zoology Division, TARI) 14:30-16:30 Group Discussion for Invited Guests Only 張宗仁博士； (1) Group 1: insect vectors and insect-borne diseases 林宏博士 [At Seminar Room, Taiwan Soil Museum, Dr. Chung-Jan Agricultural Chemistry Division, TARI] Chang & Dr. Hong Lin (2) Group 2: Taxonomy workshop 楊正澤博士 [At Room 225, Applied Zoology Division, TARI] Dr. Jeng-Tze Yang (Department of Entomology, NCHU; Department of Plant Medicine, NPUST) Proceedings of the 2013 International Symposium on Insect Vectors and Insect-Borne Diseases Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................. i Invasive Potential of Xylella fastidiosa .................................................. A. Purcell 1 Fastidious Prokaryotes and Plant Health ............................................ C. J. Chang 17 Matsumura’s Collection of Froghoppers and Sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) of Taiwan in the Hokkaido University Insect Collection ................................................................................ K. Yoshizawa 35 Overview of the Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Diversity of the Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadomorpha: Membracoidea: Cicadellidae) vectors of plant pathogens................................................................. C. H. Dietrich 47 How Effective is Sharpshooter Control at Limiting Pierce's Disease Spread in California Vineyards? .............................................................. M. P. Daugherty 71 Habitat Effects on Population Density and Movement of Insect Vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in California, USA .............................................. R. Krugner 83 Xylella fastidiosa Diversity .......................................................... R. P. P. Almeida 107 Xylella fastidiosa-Elicited Leaf Scorch Diseases in Taiwan .................. W. L. Deng 117 Taxonomy and Biology of Egg Parasitoids of Auchenorryncha of Economic Importance in Taiwan and Adjacent Countries, and of Proconiine Sharpshooters in the New World ................................ S. V. Triapitsyn 123 The Occurrence of Pierce’s Disease of Grapevines and Its Control Strategies in Taiwan ................................................................................... C. C. Su 145 Potential Vectors of Pierce’s Disease in Taiwan: Ecology and Integrated Management ............................................................................................. H. T. Shih 163 Understanding Bacterial Virulence Genes and Mechanisms of Host Response in Insect-Mediated Citrus Huanglongbing..................................... H. Lin 177 An Integrated Management of Citrus Huanglongbing in Taiwan ............ C. H. Tsai 193 The New, Third-generation, AC-DC Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) Monitor and Its Usefulness for IPM Research on Vectors of Plant Pathogens ................................................................................. E. A. Backus 211 Tospoviruses and Thrips-is There an Evolutionary Relationship? ............................................................................................................. L. A. Mound 231 Tomato Leaf Curl Disease in Taiwan and Breeding for Resistance Against it ................................................................................................ W. S. Tsai 239 Insect Transmission of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Viruses .......................C. W. Tsai 255 Preface Economic losses caused by insect-borne diseases on crops are much higher than those caused solely by insects or diseases. Insect-borne diseases may influence food security (production issues) and food safety (pesticide residues issues). So far, no simple ways to deal with these diseases. The integrated management strategy has been considered a good practice for disease prevention at present, including eradication of infected plants, insect control and breeding of disease-resistant crops. Unfortunately, early symptoms of insect-borne diseases are similar to those of physiological disorders caused by lack of nutrients or water deficiency. Misdiagnosis, therefore, occurs easily. Until the insect-borne diseases are confirmed, in most cases, it is too late to initiate appropriate and timely remedies. That is why the development of the techniques for the integrated management of insect-borne diseases has become an important and urgent issue worldwide. The effective techniques of the integrated management for insect-borne diseases can benefit both producers and consumers. To maximize the performance of these techniques it requires the consideration of the characteristics of crop growth, manure management, and climatic conditions. Additionally these methods should be appropriated for and recognized by farmers. When applied at right time, the use of suitable control methods would achieve both economic benefits and environmental safety concerns. For this purpose and under the International Agricultural Cooperation Act of 2013, the Council of Agriculture