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X « : < « < i «. * C «ret * iO( <. c <_ c 'i i r i c « «. r < CC < ( v < c < ctc< €•-« 4lct fctf <" < C < c < c c « c t r <• < r i C c c < < r t - * «L C < c . r < «, C <€^C ' c c c «Vc< < * c *. c c r C (. < c«^c « ««: c «- < c l,«L < C «c <: re re «^ < < c v c - * * i* • <r c f Sec ^ c < -5- * < * <t tl C C*^ 1. c ^cc c c «c «. ccc c r«T( cc c < c 1 rcrc^ * * ? £ £ < < c < « c c ^ *. LC I v L « u « < c ( (C cC( •C c(C ft 1 c cs «i 4L < c 11 c c «« cc < t ccc * *c *£ « <<: . c » <c 0L C(. < C C c c ^_ C « « c « C « t < c • u < 4BP" ^ i < « c c { t m c 4 * <* < c i c C * < v ' <4. c1 c. c c * < : r « Cr 4L *r< *f « C< < « < c < c c C << < c << < c C <L i *< < *. € <^ < ^ C <* . C «. c v< *t 4 <* *m. <L C. c c r «' C c < c <£ ^ 4 Ace c < ^H '« C < C t *« « r^ C < * r i c c 4 L crcrr ;(t ^ < c < ««r '< L f * *. v<«L. ^~ 1 « < <c < c < 4 < <<r r C i c c «0l c r • < • « < < L CC.C «- C 1 " 4 < « ^r < *i. r . c « j^H^ * « c c «. -' a r • < < ' 4 « < ^m f m. c * cr i « ^ f 2T ( it «f ' INDEX TO SCIENCE PAGE PAGE Aeronautic Research, Scientific, J. C. Hun- Hayward, Carle R., Heat Treatment of Cop- saker 17 per and Brass 73 Agriculture, Educational Development in, Heat Treatment of Copper and Brass, Carle R. L. S. Hawkins 37 Hayward 73 Air to the Rescue , 81 Hospital Efficiency, The Principles of, Rich- Allan, John A., National Parks in the Cana- 113 ard Waterman 104 dian Cordillera 113 Hovgaard, William, Present Status of Subma- Anti-Typhoid Inoculation, E. A. Ingham. ... 27 rine Boats 57 Artificial Pattern Lumber 125 Hunsaker, J. C, Scientific Aeronautic Re- Atomic Weights, Elements with Several, E. search, 17; Bomb-Carrying Dirigibles. ... 27 B. Spear 33 Infection from Towels, E. A. Ingham 14 Bateson's Theory of Evolution, Hervey W. Information, A Bureau of 135 Shimer 24 Ingham, E. A., Infection from Towels, 14; Blasting with Liquid Oxygen 25 Mosquitoes not Always Responsible, 23; Blindness, Color 140 Casein for the Toilet, 25; Some Insect- Bomb-Carrying Dirigibles, J. C. Hunsaker. 27 Borne Diseases, 26; Anti-Typhoid Inocula- Bureau of Information, A 135 tion 27 '. Camsell, Charles, The Mackenzie River Inner Tubes, Caring for . 47 Region 1 Inoculating Trees 112 Canadian Cordillera, National Parks in the, Inorganic Fodder 103 113 John A. Allan Insect-Borne Diseases, Some, E. A. Ingham. 26 Casein for the Toilet, E. A- Ingham 25 Instrument, A Delicate 33 Chapin, Charles V., Truth in Publicity 127 Jaggar, T. A., Jr., Notes from a Volcano Lab- Color Blindness 140 oratory 85 Commercial Glucose and its Uses, George Light and Water Sterilization, Ultra Violet, W. Rolfe 10 John F. Norton 48 Contributors to Vol. IV 36 Lindgren, Waldemar, Status of the Tin Min- Copper Alloys, Melting Point of 47 ing Industry 29 Copper and Brass, Heat Treatment of, Carle Liquid Air and Its Properties 136 R. Hayward 73 Lumber, Artificial Pattern 125 Cosmogony, The Newest, John Ritchie, Jr. 78 Mackenzie River Region, The, Charles Cam- Cream, Reconstructed 112 sell 1 Dirigibles Bomb-Carrying, J. C. Hunsaker. 27 Magnetic Change, Endless 84 Educational Development in Agriculture, L. S. Map showing Areas of Earth Chiefly Affected Hawkins 37 by Seismic Disturbances 126 Elements with Several Atomic Weights, E. B. Melting Point of Copper Alloys 47 Spear 33 Metal Coatings, Sprayed 81 Equilibrium of the Body, Magnus Westergren 28 Mineral Products, Value of our 72 Evolution, Bateson's Theory of, Hervey W. Mission of the Gull, The 134 Shimer 24 Mosquitoes not Always Responsible, E. A. Fodder, Inorganic 103 Ingham 23 Gill, A. H, Hardened Oils Ill Mount Wilson Observatory 134 Glucose and its Uses, Commercial, George W. Mouth Sanitation: A New Public Health Work, Rolfe 10 William R. Woodbury 53 Gull, The Mission of the 134 National Academy of Sciences, The Proceed- Gyro-Compass in the Navy, The 35 ings of the 77 Hardened Oils, A. H. Gill Ill National Parks in the Canadian Cordillera, Hawkins, L. S., Educational Development in John A. Allan 1 13 Agriculture 37 Needles, Locating Buried 84 Index PAGE PAGE Xew Discoveries in Oil Refining, Ellwood B. lution, 24; When Reptiles Ruled the Earth, Spear 34 44; The Unsolved Mystery of Why the Newest Cosmogony, The, John Ritchie, Jr. 78 Stomach does not Digest Itself, 52; Plants Xew Public Health Work, A, William R. and Animals Distinguished 82 Woodbury 53 Insect-Borne Some Diseases, E. A. Ingham . 26 Northeast Storms 81 Spear, E. B., Elements with Several Atomic Norton, John F., Ultra Violet Light and Water Weights, 33; New Discoveries in Oil Refin- Sterilization 48 ing 34 Notes from a •"ol'aino laboratory, T. A. Sprayed Metal Coatings 81 Jaggar, Jr 85 Status of the Tin Mining Industry, Waldemar Observatory, Mc it Wilson 134 Lindgren 29 Oil Refining, NewOiscoveri.es in, Ellwood B. Stiles, Percy G., Salt and Its Relation to Spear 34 Nutrition 15 Oils, Hardened, A. .. Gill 111 Stomach does not Digest Itself, The Unsolved le Origin of Pearls, T 36 Mystery of Why the, Hervey W. Shimer . 52 Oxygen, Blasting with Liquid 25 Submarine Boats, Present Status of, William Pearls, The Origin of 36 Hovgaard 57 Plants in High Altitudes 47 Teeth and Eyes, Relation of, Magnus Wester- Plants and Animals Distinguished, H. W. gren 27 Shimer 82 Telephone Diaphragm Works, How the 110 Plumb Line Vagaries 23 Tin Mining Industry, Status of the, Waldemar Present Status of Submarine Boats, William Lindgren 29 Hovgaard 57 Towels, Infection from, E. A. Ingham 14 Preservation of Wood 140 Trees, Inoculating 112 Principles of Hospital Efficiency, The, Rich- Truth in Publicity, Charles V. Chapin 127 ard Waterman 104 Tubes, Caring for Inner 47 Proceedings of the Academy 77 Typhoid Inoculation, Anti, E. A. Ingham ... 27 Publicity, Truth in, Charles V. Chapin 127 Unsolved Mystery of Why the Stomach does Itself, Recoil, Taking up the 33 not Digest The, Hervey W. Shimer. 52 Reconstructed Cream 112 Violet Light and Water Sterilization, Ultra, Relation at Teeth and Eyes, Magnus Wester- John F. Norton 48 gren. 27 Volcano Laboratory, Notes from a, T. A. Reptiles Ruled the Earth, When, Hervey W. Jaggar, Jr 85 Shimer 44 Waterman, Richard, The Principles of Hos- Ritchie, John, Jr., The Newest Cosmogony. 78 pital Efficiency 104 Rolfe, George W., Commercial Glucose and Westergren, Magnus, Relation of Teeth and its Uses 10 Eyes, 27; Equilibrium of the Body 28 Rust, Softening 56 Wheat Crisis Coming 84 Salt and its Relation to Nutrition, Percy G. When Reptiles Ruled the Earth, Hervey W. Stiles 15 Shimer 44 Scientific Aeronautic Research, J. C. Hun- Woodbury, William R., A New Public Health saker 17 Work 53 Shimer, Hervey W., Bateson's Theory of Evo- Wood Preservation 140 Science Conspectus Vol. V 1915 No. 1 THE MACKENZIE RIVER REGION PHYSICAL FEATURES AND WONDERFUL NATURAL RESOURCES OF A COMPARA- TIVELY UNKNOWN TERRITORY COM- PRISING A FIFTH OF ALL CANADA BY CHARLES CAMSELL The Mackenzie is one of the great the Canadian Geological Survey is now rivers of the earth draining an area embarking on a scheme for the explora- 682,000 square miles in extent or about tion of the vast tracts of unknown one-fifth of the total area of Canada. territory in this and adjoining portions More than one-third of its basin is still of Northern Canada. -a "terra incognita" to the white man PHYSICAL FEATURES and is known only to a few small roving bands of Indians of the great Chipewyan The Mackenzie River carries to the stock. This in spite of the fact that it Arctic Ocean the drainage of 682,000 is 125 years since it was first descended square miles of the northwestern portion to its mouth by that noted explorer, of Canada. Its basin includes the north- Alexander Mackenzie. It is, however, ern parts of the provinces of British recently beginning to attract some at- Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, tention in the commercial world among and the western part of the Northwest men who are willing to exploit its natural Territories, covering from north to south resources.