E-Network Healing Initiative Leadership Linkage (HILL)… A Student Linkage Magazine TUNISIA KENSRI Editor: Savio Samuel Country Editor: Country Asst. Editor SYMBOLS & SIGNIFICANCE National Flag National Animal- No National Bird - No National Sport- National Emblem national animal national bird Football National Flower- National Tree- FIG TREE Currency-TUNISIAN Coin-TUNISIAN Stamp JASMINE DINAR DINAR Current issue Official language: Arabic Capital: Tunis Government:Democratic Tunisia’s democratic transition remains at a critical intersection of conflict and peacebuilding. Population: 10.89 million (2013) While the country made significant political GDP: 4,316.69 USD (2013) progress with parliamentary and presidential elections in 2014, it confronts threats of violent extremism with roots at home and in the surrounding region. The government is focused on border security and on development policies to alleviate underlying causes of conflict in communities far outside Tunis. Music with a cause Art Sports Music Tunisia is a North African country with a predominantly Arabic-speaking population. The country is best known for malouf, a kind of music imported from Andalusia after the Spanish immigration in the 15th century. Though in its modern form, malouf is likely very dissimilar to any music played more than four centuries ago, it does have its roots in Spain and Portugal, and is closely related to genres with a similar history throughout North Africa, including malouf's Libyan cousin Leader Beji Caid Essebsi (President) Habib Essid(Prime Minister) Environmental Sustainability Tunisia is the first Arab State to create a Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. It works closely with the Ministry of Transport to create a safe and clean environment. It has incorporated environmental laws into its national development strategy. Treated water that leaves Tunisian sewage plants is recycled in ways that benefits the environment irrigating Tunisia’s many golf courses, roadside ornamental plantings, urban parks, cotton fields and non-food crops. Learning from past and present Modern French Tunisia 1881–1956 Kingdom of Tunisia 1956–1957 Bourguiba rule 1957–1987 Ben Ali rule 1987–2011 Tunisian Revolution 2011 When did Tunisia become a republic? The elections were then swept by the Neo Destour party, whose leader Habib Bourguiba became prime minister. On 25 July 1957, the monarchy was abolished, the beylical office terminated, and Tunisia proclaimed a Republic. The assembly then made Bourguiba the first president, of what would be a single-party state. In its modern history, Tunisia has become a sovereign republic, called the al-Jumhuriyyah at- Tunisiyyah. Tunisia has over ten million citizens, almost all of Arab-Berber descent. The Mediterranean Sea is to the north and east, Libya to the southeast, and Algeria to the west. Tunis is the capital and the largest city (over 800,000); it is located near the ancient site of the city of Carthage. During this time, it has been led by two presidents, who have had a significant impact on Tunisian society. .