NIGERIA ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA1) OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI (UNIMAID) AND TEACHING HOSPITAL, MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIA (FGN) ENERGIZING EDUCATION PROGRAMME (EEP) PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) SUBMITTED TO THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT MARCH 2020 1 The proposed project is being co-financed by the World Bank. If reference is made to the FMEnv procedure, the term “EIA” is used, while if reference is made to the project’s broader perspective, the term “ESIA” is used. Both ESIA and EIA are synonymous. ESIA OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIMAID UNDER FGN’S EEP PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) DRAFT ESIA REPORT OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI (UNIMAID) AND UNIVERISTY OF MAIDUGURI TEACHING HOSPITAL, MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIA (FGN) ENERGIZING EDUCATION PROGRAMME (EEP) PHASE II MARCH 2020 NIGERIA ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT ii ESIA OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIMAID UNDER FGN’S EEP PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page i Table of Contents iii List of Tables v List of Figures vii List of Plates viii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations x List of ESIA Preparers xiii Executive Summary ES-1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Information 1-2 1.2 Objectives of the ESIA Study 1-3 1.3 Scope of the ESIA Study 1-4 1.4 ESIA Study Approach/Methodology 1-5 1.5 Limitations of the ESIA Study 1-5 1.6 Legal and Administrative Framework 1-6 1.7 Institutional Arrangements for Environmental and Social Management 1-19 1.8 Structure of the ESIA 1-20 CHAPTER TWO: INTRODUCTION 2.1 Need for the Project 2-2 2.2 Value of the Project 2-3 2.3 Project Benefits 2-3 2.4 Envisaged Sustainability 2-4 2.5 Project Alternatives 2-5 2.6 Project Options 2-11 CHAPTER THREE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1 Introduction 3-2 3.2 Project Location 3-2 3.3 Project Components 3-10 3.4 Engineering Codes and Standards 3-15 3.5 Project Implementation Phase 3-15 3.6 Water Use and Supply 3-17 3.7 Health and Safety 3-18 3.8 Waste Management 3-19 3.9 Project Schedule 3-23 CHAPTER FOUR: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 4.1 Introduction 4-2 4.2 Baseline Data Collection 4-4 4.3 Description of Environmental Characteristics of the Project Area 4-7 4.4 Description of Socio-economic Environment of the Project Area 4-35 4.5 Stakeholder Engagement 4-54 NIGERIA ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT iii ESIA OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIMAID UNDER FGN’S EEP PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) CHAPTER FIVE: ASSOCIATED AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS 5.1 Introduction 5-2 5.2 Impact Assessment Overview 5-2 5.3 Identification of Environmental and Socio-economic Aspects and Impacts 5-3 5.4 Determination of Impact Significance 5-10 5.5 Impacts Discussion 5-17 5.6 Risk and Hazard Assessment 5-33 CHAPTER SIX: MITIGATION MEASURES 6.1 Introduction 6-2 6.2 Mitigation Measures Approach 6-2 6.3 Mitigation Measures for the Identified Significant Negative Impacts 6-2 6.4 Mitigation Measures for the Identified Project Risks and Hazards 6-3 6.5 Enhancement Measures for Identified Positive Impacts 6-4 CHAPTER SEVEN: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.1 Introduction 7-2 7.2 Objectives of the ESMP 7-2 7.3 Environmental and Social Management Measures 7-3 7.4 Roles, Responsibilities and Accountabilities 7-20 7.5 Additional Management Plans 7-24 7.6 Environmental Monitoring Program 7-28 7.7 Training, Awareness and Capacity Building 7-30 7.8 Implementation Schedule and Reporting 7-31 7.9 ESMP Costing 7-32 CHAPTER EIGHT: REMEDIATION PLAN AFTER DECOMMISSIONING / CLOSURE 8.1 Introduction 8-2 8.2 Decommissioning Activities 8-2 8.3 Management of Decommissioning Activities 8-2 8.4 Abandonment Plan 8-5 8.5 Roles, Responsibilities and Accountabilities for Decommissioning Phase 8-5 CHAPTER NINE: STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 9.1 Stakeholder Engagement 9-2 9.2 Legal and Administrative Framework Guiding Stakeholder Engagement 9-2 9.3 Objectives of Stakeholder Engagement 9-3 9.4 Stakeholder Identification and Analysis 9-4 9.5 Management Function and Grievance Mechanism 9-15 CHAPTER TEN: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 10.1 Conclusion 10-2 10.2 Recommendations 10-4 NIGERIA ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT iv ESIA OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIMAID UNDER FGN’S EEP PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Applicability of the World Bank Safeguard Policies to the proposed Project 1-12 Table 2.1: Comparison between CSP and PV Solar Technology 2-8 Table 3.1: Summary of Energy Demand Audit for University of Maiduguri and Teaching Hospital, October 2018 3-10 Table 3.2: Summary of Wastes Stream associated with the proposed Project and Handling Techniques 3-22 Table 3.3: Tentative Project Schedule 3-23 Table 4.1: Analytical methods employed for field sample analysis 4-7 Table 4.2: Climatic Characteristics of the Study Area (1988-2018) 4-8 Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality Standards 4-14 Table 4.4: Noise Exposure Limits for Nigeria 4-14 Table 4.5: Noise Level Guidelines adopted by the World Bank 4-14 Table 4.6: Geographical coordinates of Air quality sampling locations in the Project Area 4-14 Table 4.7: Results of ambient air quality and noise levels measured in the Project area 4-15 Table 4.8: Geographical coordinates of Soil Sampling Locations in the Project Area 4-17 Table 4.9: Physico-chemical and microbial properties of soil samples from the Project area 4-19 Table 4.11: Geographical coordinates of Groundwater sampling locations in the Project Area 4-23 Table 4.12: Results of physico-chemical and microbial parameters analysed in groundwater samples collected from the study area 4-24 Table 4.13: Plant Species observed around proposed site 4-27 Table 4.14: List of Fauna Species Encountered in the Project Site and AoI 4-28 Table 4.15: Existing Land Use within the wider study area 4-31 Table 4.16: Vehicle Classification Scheme used for the traffic survey 4-33 Table 4.17: Summary of the process and stages of consultation for the ESIA 4-56 Table 4.18: Initial Scoping Consultation Findings 4-58 Table 5.1: Example of a Link between Activities, Environmental Aspects and Impacts 5-4 Table 5.2: Summary of the proposed Project Activities 5-6 Table 5.3: Resource/Receptors and Impacts Indicators Considered 5-6 Table 5.4: Activity-Receptor Interaction for Impact Screening 5-9 Table 5.5: Impact Magnitude Criteria for Socio-economic Impacts 5-12 Table 5.6: Bio-physical and Socio-economic Receptor-Sensitivity/ Fragility/ Value Criteria 5-13 Table 5.7: Environmental Impact Significance Rankings 5-14 NIGERIA ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT v ESIA OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIMAID UNDER FGN’S EEP PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) Table 5.8: Leopold’s Activity-Receptor Interaction Matrix (Impact Significance Matrix) 5-16 Table 5.9: Summary of Potential Negative Impacts Associated with the Pre-Construction Phase of the proposed Project 5-22 Table 5.10: Summary of Potential Negative Impacts Associated with the Construction Phase of the proposed Project 5-28 Table 5.11: Summary of Potential Impact Associated with the Commissioning Phase of the proposed Project 5-29 Table 5.12: Summary of Potential Negative Impacts Associated with Operational Phase of the proposed Project 5-32 Table 6.1: Mitigation Measures for the Potential Negative Impacts of the proposed Project 6-7 Table 7.1a: Environmental Management Measures for Pre-construction Phase of the proposed Project 7-4 Table 7.1b: Social Management Measures for Pre-construction Phase of the proposed Project 7-6 Table 7.2a: Environmental Management Measures for Construction Phase of the proposed Project 7-8 Table 7.2b: Social Management Measures for Construction Phase of the proposed Project 7-11 Table 7.3a: Environmental Management Measures for Commissioning Phase 7-15 Table 7.3b: Social Management Measures for Commissioning Phase 7-16 Table 7.4a: Environmental Management Measures for Operational Phase 7-16 Table 7.4b: Social Management Measures for Operational Phase 7-18 Table 7.5: Additional Management Plans 7-28 Table 7.6: Environmental Monitoring Programme for the proposed Project7-30 Table 7.7: Institutional Capacity Strengthening Plan 7-31 Table 7.8: ESMP Costing 7-31 Table 8.1: Environmental and Social Management Measures for Decommissioning Phase 8-7 Table 9.1: Identified stakeholders associated with the Project 9-5 Table 9.2: Stakeholder Engagement Process 9-7 Table 9.3: Stakeholder Engagement Tools and Communication 9-8 Table 9.4: Stakeholder Group Consultation Methods 9-9 Table 9.5: Initial Stakeholder Consultation Findings 9-12 NIGERIA ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT vi ESIA OF THE PROPOSED 10.0 MW SOLAR HYBRID POWER PLANT AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE IN UNIMAID UNDER FGN’S EEP PHASE II (DRAFT REPORT) LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Schematic presentation of the general methodology for the ESIA1-5 Figure 2.1: Photovoltaic power potential of Nigeria 2-7 Figure 2.2: Typical appearance of mono-crystalline silicon PV panels 2-9 Figure 2.3: Typical Appearance of Polycrystalline Silicon PV panels 2-9 Figure 2.4: Typical appearance of Thin-Film CdTe panels 2-10 Figure 3.1: Administrative Map of Nigeria highlighting Borno State 3-4 Figure 3.2: Administrative Map of Borno State highlighting Jere Local Government Area 3-5 Figure 3.3: Map of Jere Local Government Area highlighting the Project Site within UNIMAID campus 3-6 Figure 3.4: Map of the EEP Project Site within UNIMAID campus and proposed transmission line to the Teaching Hospital 3-7 Figure 4.1: Aerial imagery of the Project site showing the 1km and 3km AoI.