TRANSACTIONS OF THE WOOLHOPE NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB HEREFORDSHIRE "HOPE ON" "HOPE EVER" ESTABLISHED 1851 VOLUME XLII 1978 PART III TRANSACTIONS OF THE WOOLHOPE NATURALISTS' FIELD CLUB HEREFORDSHIRE "HOPE ON" "HOPE EVER" ESTABLISHED 1851 VOLUME XLII 1978 PART III - TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1976, 1977, 1978 Page Proceedings 1976 1 1977 115 1978 211 An Introduction to the Houses of Pembrokeshire, by R. C. Perry 6 The Origins of the Diocese of Hereford, by J. G. Hillaby 16 © Woolhope Naturalists Field Club 1978 The Palaces of the Bishop of Hereford, by J. W. Tonkin 53 All contributions to The Woolhope Transactions are COPYRIGHT. None of them may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording Victorian Church Architecture in the Diocese of Hereford, or otherwise without the prior permission of the writers. Applications to by 1-1. J. Powell - 65 reproduce contributions, in whole or in part, should be addressed, in the first instance, to the editor whose address is given in the LIST OF OFFICERS. Leominster Fair, 1556, by J. Bathurst and E. J. L. Cole - 72 Crisis and Response: Reactions in Herefordshire to the High Wheat Prices of 1795-6, by W. K. Parker - 89 Medieval Life and thought, by W. B. Haynes 120 Pembridge and mature Decorated architecture in Herefordshire, by R. K. Morris - 129 The Preferment of Two Confessors to the See of Hereford: Robert Mascall and John Stanbury, by Ann Rhydderch 154 Mortality in the Diocese of Hereford, 1442-1541, by M. A. Faraday 163 The Architectural History of Goodrich Court, Herefordshire, by Hugh Meller - 175 T. T. Lewis and Murchison's Silurian System, by J. C. Thackray 186 Some Aspects of the work of W. E. de Winton between 1894 and 1904, by W. H. D. Wince 215 Survey of Dragonflies (Odonata) in Herefordshire, 1977, by D. M. Parker - 221 Organ Cases in the Diocese of Hereford, by H. J. Powell - 228 Herefordshire Catholics and the rites of passage: 1560-1640, by T. S. Smith - 235 A Survey of the Graveyard Monuments in the Eastern part of Brilley Churchyard, by R. Shoesmith 244 Agricultural Depression, 1870 to 1900, by G. M. Robinson - 259 Monsters and Medallions at Kilpeck and Shobdon, by R. Williamson - 279 Page LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS REPORTS OF SECTIONAL RECORDERS Page Archaeology, 1976, by R. Shoesmith 97 An Introduction to the Houses of Pembrokeshire 1977, by R. Shoesmith 194 Pl. I Eastington, Rhoscrowther. 1978, by R. Shoesmith 281 II Rhosson Uchaf, near St. Davids. III Straw ropework forming the ceiling of a north Botany, 1978, by F. M. Kendrick 284 Pembrokeshire cottage. IV A box or cupboard bed. Buildings, 1976, by J. W. Tonkin 105 V Start Naked, Roch. Entrance to croglofft. 1977, by J. W. Tonkin 198 VI Start Naked, Roch. 285 1978, by J. W. Tonkin VII Porth Gain. Deserted Medieval Villages, 1976, by Mrs. Rosamund Skelton 107 VIII Brick Row, Llanfyrnach. Entomology, 1975, 1976, by Mrs. M. W. Pryce - - - 108 Fig. 1 Carswall, Penally - - - - - 8 - 200 1977, by Mrs. M. W. Pryce 2 West Tarr, St. Florence - - 8 Industrial Archaeology, 1977, by C. H. I. Homes - 204 3 Section of typical round-chimney farmhouse as originally built - - - - 10 1978, by C. H. I. Homes - 286 4 Plan of typical round-chimney farmhouse as originally built 10 Mammals, 1978, by W. H. D. Wince - 287 5 Keepers Cottage, Rudbaxton - - - 13 6 North Pembrokeshire croglofft cottage - 13 Ornithology, 1976, by C. W. Sheldrake _ - 111 205 1977, by C. W. Sheldrake - The Origins of the Diocese of Hereford 288 1978, by C. W. Sheldrake - Fig. 1 The succession of the early bishops of the Western Hecani - 23 Archaeological Research Section, 1976, by C. E. Attfield 103 2 The division of the Lichfield diocese and the succession of the Mercian bishops - 26 1977, by C. E. Attfield 206 3 Early Anglo-Saxon church plans showing: 1978, by Miss M. J. Thomas 289 a. Lateral porticus plans - 32 b. Axial arrangement of buildings - Natural History Section, 1976, by C. W. Sheldrake 112 35 4 The Mercian royal family, 632-796 - 42 1977, by C. W. Sheldrake 207 Map 1 The Anglo-Saxon dioceses, c.700 - 27 1978, by C. W. Sheldrake 291 2 The diocese of Hereford at the time of the Valor Rules of the Club 294 Ecclesiasticus, 1535 - 38 3 England at the time of the Tribal Hidage - 39 List of Presidents 297 List of Members - 299 The Palaces of the Bishop of Hereford P1. IX Old Court, Bosbury. X Whitbourne Court. XI Norman capital, Bishop's Palace, Hereford. Page LIST OF OFFICERS Victorian Church Architecture in the Diocese Pl. XII St. James, Hereford. Presidents XIII Tupsley, Hereford. XIV Edvin Loach. 1976 Rev. W. B. HAYNES XV Hope Bowdler. 1977 Dr. W. H. D. WINCE Pembridge and mature Decorated architecture 1978 Mr. R. A. PAGE P1. I Pembridge belItower and church from the north-west. II Pembridge, interior from the west. Vice-Presidents III Pembridge, south transept. 1976 Mr. R. C. PERRY, Mrs. M. TONKIN, Mr. J. W. TONKIN, Mr. C. H. I. IV Kingsland, interior from the west. Fig. 1 Wave mouldings - 132 HOMES 135 2 Capitals and bases - 1977 Rev. W. B. HAYNES, Mr. R. C. PERRY, Mrs. M. TONKIN, Mr. J. W. 3 Weobley nave and Pembridge 136 TONKIN 4 Pembridge, Weobley tower and spire, Dilwyn and Kingstone 144 1978 Dr. W. H. D. WINCE, Rev. W. B. HAYNES, Mr. R. C. PERRY, Mrs. M. The Architectural History of Goodrich Court TONKIN Pl. V Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick. VI The gatehouse at Goodrich Court. Central Committee VII The entrance or west front as it was in 1945. VIII The north and east elevations of Goodrich Court, 1976 Mr. C. E. ATTFIELD, Miss M EDWARDS, Gp. Capt. J. B. LEWIS, sketched by Edward Blore. Mr. H. J. POWELL vice Rev. W. B. HAYNES, Dr. A. BRIAN vice IX The great hall, built by Harold Moffat and showing the Miss R. E. HICKLING, Mr. A. T. G. GARNETT, Cmdr. M. B. HALE, coronation fireplace. Dr. W. H. D. WINCE, Mr. J. G. HILLABY, Mr. R. E. KAY, Mrs. J. E. X Plan of Goodrich Court with adaptations whilst in use O'DONNELL, Mrs. V. E. PERRY vice Mrs. F. G. PETERS by Felsted School, 1940-5. 1977 Dr. A. BRIAN, Mr. A. T. G. GARNETT, Cmdr. M. B. HALE, Mr. T. T. Lewis and Murchison's Silurian System C. H. I. HOMES vice Dr. W. H. D. WINCE, Mr. J. G. HILLABY, Pl. XI Rev. T. T. Lewis with his daughter, c. 1885. Mr. R. E. KAY, Mrs. J. E. O'DONNELL, Mrs. V. E. PERRY, Mr. C. E. ATTFIELD, Miss M. EDWARDS, Mr. R. A. PAGE, Mr. H. J. POWELL Survey of Dragonflies (Odonata) in Herefordshire, 1977 1978 Mr. J. G. HILLABY, Mr. R. E. KAY, Mrs. J. E. O'DONNELL, Mrs. V. E. 227 Maps PERRY (to retire 1979); Mr. C. E. ATTFIELD, Miss M. EDWARDS, Brilley Churchyard Mr. H. J. POWELL, Mr. C. W. SHELDRAKE vice Mr. R. A. PAGE (to retire 1980); Dr. A. BRIAN, Mr. A. T. G. GARNETT, Mr. C. H. I. Fig. 1 Survey of eastern part of graveyard 246 HOMES, Mrs. M. E. HUNT (to retire 1981) 2 Development of the eastern part of graveyard 248 Agricultural Depression, 1870 to 1900 Hon. Secretary - Mr. F. M. KENDRICK Fig. 1 The Vale of Hereford 260 2 Density of Other Cattle 264 Hon. Assistant Secretary - 3 Hops and Fruit, 1895/9 267 Mrs. M. TONKIN 4 Decrease of Wheat and Barley Acreage, 1875/9-1895/9 270 5 Estate Accounts - 272 Hon. Treasurer - Mr. J. C. HOLLAND Auditor - Mr. H. S. WIDGERY lion. Librarian - Mr. B. J. WHITEHOUSE Proceedings, 1978 SPRING MEETINGS Hon. Assistant Librarian - Mr. J. G. HILLABY FIRST MEETING: 11 January: The President, Dr. W. H. D. Wince, in the chair. Hon. Field Secretary 1976, 1977—Mr. C. T. 0. PROSSER The Sectional Recorders gave their reports for 1977. These were printed on 1978—Mr. & Mrs. B. F. VOSS (jointly) pp. 194-208 in the 1977 Transactions. Hon. Editor Mr. J. W. TONKIN SECOND MEETING: 11 February: The President, Dr. W. H. D. Wince, in the chair. Mr. D. A. Whitehead, M.A. gave a talk on the parish of 'St. Martin's, Hereford, 1560-1640'. Hon. Assistant Editors Mr. R. E. KAY (Archaeology) Mr. F. M. KENDRICK (Natural History) THIRD MEETING: 11 March: The President, Dr. W. H. D. Wince, in the chair. SECTIONAL RECORDERS Dr. M. W. Harper gave a talk on 'Herefordshire Lepidoptera'. Archaeology Mr. R. SHOESMITH SPRING ANNUAL MEETING: 1 April: The President, Dr. W. H. D. Wince, in the Botany and Geology - Mr. F. M. KENDRICK chair. Buildings Mr. I. W. TONKIN The assistant-secretary reported that the club had 882 members, a decrease of 23 during the year. Deserted Medieval Villages Mrs. R. E. SKELTON The President briefly referred to the club's activities during the year and gave Entomology Mrs. W. M. PRYCE his address on 'Some Aspects of the work of W. E. de Winton between 1894 and 1904' which is printed on pp. 215-20. Industrial Archaeology - Mr. C. H. I. HOMES Mr. R. A. Page was installed as President for 1978/79. Mammals - Dr. W. H. D. WINCE Ornithology - Mr. C. W. SHELDRAKE FIELD MEETINGS Address of Address of Address of FIRST MEETING: 6 May: BIRCHER COMMON AREA Hon. Asst. Secretary: Hon. Editor: Hon. Secretary: Whilst some members visited Croft Castle others walked in the Fishpool Mr. J. W. TONKIN Mr. F.