Name____________________________________Period_____ Anatomy & Physiology Part 1 – Mr. Rizzo, Mr. Romano Skeletal System Review Match/Label the following: (1 point each) 1. Flat Bone 2. Short Bone 3. Irregular Bone 4. Long Bone 5. Axial Skeleton 6. Appendicular Skeleton E – Bones of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder, and hip F – Bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage Match the following: (1 point each) 7. Found in the external ear and the epiglottis A. Hyaline 8. Provides support, flexibility, and resilience, is found in the nose B. Fibrocartilage 9. Contains collagen fibers, found in the menisci of the knee and in intervertebral discs C. Interstitial 10. Growth of cartilage: cells in the perichondrium secrete matrix against the D. Elastic external face of existing cartilage E. Appositional 11. Growth of cartilage: lacunae-bound chondrocytes inside the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within. Match the following: (1 point each) 12. Diaphysis 13. Compact Bone 14. Proximal Epiphysis 15. Spongy Bone 16. Distal Epiphysis 17. Medullary Cavity 18. Ephyseal Plate True/False: (1 point each) 19. Bone markings can be the sites of attachment for muscles, ligaments, and tendons. 20. Calcification of cartilage occurs during normal bone growth and old age. 21. A ‘sinus’ is a cavity in a bone. 22. A compact bone has a honeycomb texture of trabeculae filled with yellow bone marrow. 23. Long bones consist of a diaphysis and an epiphysis. 24. Short, irregular, AND flat bones have no diaphysis or epiphyses. 25. Hematopoietic tissue (red marrow) is located in the medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone in adults. 26. Hydroxyapatites, or mineral salts, make up 30% of bone mass and are soft. 27. Osteogenesis and ossification are the processes of bone tissue formation. 28. By age 25, bone re-absorption predominates. 29. During skeletal development intramembranous ossification (bone develops from a fibrous membrane) occurs. 30. Wolff’s Law states that a bone is resistant to change and will not grow or remodel in response to the forces or demands placed upon it. 31. One response to mechanical stress that bones will experience is that large, bony projections occur where heavy, active muscles attach. Matching: (1 point each) 32. Tuberosities, crests, trochanters, and lines are all examples of this kind of bone marking. a. Projections that help to form joints b. Sites of muscle and ligament attachment c. Depressions and openings 33. Heads, facets, condyles, and ramuses are all examples of this kind of bone marking. a. Projections that help to form joints b. Sites of muscle and ligament attachment c. Depressions and openings 34.________________ are large cells that re-absorb or break down bone matrix. d. Osteoblasts e. Osteocytes f. Osteoclasts g. Osteoid 35. This skeletal system disease is when bones are inadequately mineralized, causing softened, weakened bones. a. Rickets b. Osteomalacia c. Paget’s Disease d. Fracture 36. This skeletal system disease is characterized by excessive bone formation and breakdown, and has an unknown cause. a. Rickets b. Osteomalacia c. Paget’s Disease d. Fracture Name:_______________________________Period:_______ Skeletal System test -- Part 2 – Write on this part! 1. Name three of the ways that we classify bone fractures. (3 points) 2. Name three functions of the skeletal system and EXPLAIN? (3 points) 3. Describe two of the following skeletal diseases: (4 points) Bursitis, Spina Bifida, Osteoporosis, Arthritis, Scoliosis .