Daniele Donati/FAO/Eastern DRC/2005 Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of: • strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); • resource mobilisation (leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal); • coordinated programme implementation; • joint monitoring and evaluation; • revision, if necessary; and • reporting on results. The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region and includes the following elements: • a common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; • an assessment of needs; • best, worst, and most likely scenarios; • stakeholder analysis, i.e. who does what and where; • a clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals; • prioritised response plans; and • a framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary. The CHAP is the foundation for developing a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break or natural disasters strike, a Flash Appeal. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. This team mirrors the IASC structure at headquarters and includes UN agencies and standing invitees, i.e. the International Organization for Migration, the Red Cross Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR. Non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included, and other key stakeholders in humanitarian action, in particular host governments and donors, should be consulted. The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally each November to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is to be presented to donors in July 2006. Donors provide resources to appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of donor contributions and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts In sum, the CAP works to proved people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time. ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS DURING 2006: AARREC CESVI GSLG OCHA UNAIDS AASAA CHFI HDO OCPH UNDP ABS CINS HI ODAG UNDSS Abt Associates CIRID HISAN - WEPA OHCHR UNESCO ACF/ACH/AAH CISV Horn Relief PARACOM UNFPA ACTED CL INTERSOS PARC UN-HABITAT ADRA CONCERN IOM PHG UNHCR Africare COOPI IRC PMRS UNICEF AGROSPHERE CORD IRD PRCS UNIFEM AHA CPAR IRIN PSI UNMAS ANERA CRS JVSF PU UNODC ARCI CUAMM MALAO RFEP UNRWA ARM CW MCI SADO UPHB AVSI DCA MDA SC-UK VETAID CADI DRC MDM SECADEV VIA CAM EMSF MENTOR SFCG VT CARE ERM MERLIN SNNC WFP CARITAS EQUIP NA SOCADIDO WHO CCF FAO NNA Solidarités WVI CCIJD GAA (DWH) NRC SP WR CEMIR Int’l GH OA STF ZOARC CENAP TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................ 1 TABLE I. Summary of Requirements by Sector............................................................................ 2 Our Call for the Great Lakes Region .............................................................................................. 3 2. 2005 IN REVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Coordination and Liaison................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Advocacy ........................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Emergency Response Capacity and Direct Assistance .................................................... 7 2.4 Emergency Preparedness, Monitoring and Evaluation ..................................................... 9 2.5 Financial Overview: Response to the 2005 Consolidated Appeal .................................. 10 3. THE COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN...................................................................... 12 3.1 The Context and Its Humanitarian Consequences.......................................................... 12 3.1A The Context ..................................................................................................................... 12 3.1B The Humanitarian Consequences ................................................................................... 13 16 Months with the Lord’s Resistance Army ................................................................... 15 3.2 Scenarios......................................................................................................................... 18 3.3 Strategic Priorities for Humanitarian Response .............................................................. 22 3.4 Response Plans............................................................................................................... 22 3.5 Complementarity with Other Actors................................................................................. 26 4. STRATEGIC MONITORING PLAN.............................................................................................. 28 5. SUMMARY: STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE........................ 30 ANNEX I. DONOR RESPONSE TO THE 2005 APPEAL .............................................................. 32 ANNEX II. SUMMARY MATRIX OF SUPPORT PROVIDED BY REGIONAL OFFICES................ 45 ANNEX III. OVERVIEW OF AGENCIES AND ORGANISATIONS................................................... 47 ANNEX IV. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................ 68 Project summary sheets are in a separate volume entitled “Projects” iii THE GREAT LAKES REGION iv THE GREAT LAKES REGION 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As the end of 2005 approaches, the overall outlook for the region is perhaps more positive than at other times in recent years. Central to this growing optimism are the evolving peace processes in Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which have renewed hopes for the successful restoration of security and the establishment of democracy. Whilst gains in Burundi may have been more substantial than those of its neighbour, the continuation of the process in DRC, despite delays and set backs, has been welcomed. These positive expectations are increasingly shaping the humanitarian context in the region and are leading to shifting and new humanitarian priorities including those linked to refugee returns. A sudden acceleration in returns to Burundi in August, as well as recent increases in returns to DRC, may indicate a new trend in population movement that will require additional humanitarian support. For those who have been away from their countries of origin for many years, issues surrounding property rights and land tenure are likely to become increasingly important. The challenges of transition are great, and regional humanitarian actors must respond to these in conjunction with country level initiatives in order to effectively support emerging recovery. At the same time the picture at a local level continues to be complex and volatile with populations in a number of areas remaining vulnerable to the effects of ongoing and new crises. Rebel groups, often fuelled by resistance to political processes, continue to pose a major threat to stability and to the protection of human rights in the region. A resumption of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) activities in northern Uganda has been among the greatest disappointments of 2005 and has accounted for substantial new population displacement and the continuation of large scale night commuting of children. In addition bouts of rebel activity in eastern DRC and in some parts of Burundi have been ongoing throughout the year. The effect of such violence on civilian populations is compounded by the restrictions it imposes on access, safe movement and consequently on humanitarian assistance. An estimated five million people remain displaced either within their national borders or in neighbouring countries, and many more are affected by other man made or natural crises. Those affected are often vulnerable to human rights abuses and face greater threat from sexual abuse and exploitation, epidemics, and other health risks. 2005 has seen welcome developments in relation to regional co-operation, including the continuation of the International Conference for the Great Lakes for Peace Security, Democracy and Development (IC/GLR). Member countries have worked together to develop a number of programmes of action and protocols with the aim of implementing the principals and intentions outlined in the Dar es Salaam Declaration at the end of 2004. A second Heads of State Summit is due to mark the completion of the conference and the beginning of efforts to realise its vision. In addition, a tripartite agreement between Rwanda, DRC and Uganda to jointly address the presence of armed elements in eastern DRC has been a well-received step towards the restoration of peace in the region. Over the course of the year, stakeholders to the Great Lakes Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) have continued to work together to monitor the situation in the region and to respond to ongoing and new emergency situations in relation to the jointly developed 2005 Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP). In addition, participating