African Journal of Agricultural Research Volume 12 Number 8 23 February 2017 ISSN 1991-637X ABOUT AJAR The African Journal of Agricultural Research (AJAR) is published weekly (one volume per year) by Academic Journals. African Journal of Agricultural Research (AJAR ) is an open access journal that publishes high- quality solicited and unsolicited articles, in Engli sh, in all areas of agriculture including arid soil research and rehabilitation, agricultural gen omics, stored products research, tree fruit production, pesticide science, postharvest biol ogy and technology, seed science research, irrigation, agricultural engineering, water resources management, marine sciences, agronomy, animal science, physiology and morphology, aquaculture, crop science, dairy science, entomology, fish and fisheries, forestry, freshwater science, horticulture, poultry science, soil science, systematic biology, ve terinary, virology, viticulture, weed biology, agricultural economics and agribusiness. All artic les published in AJAR are peer- reviewed. Contact Us Editorial Office: [email protected] Help Desk: [email protected] Website: http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR Submit manuscript online http://ms.academicjournals.me/ Editors . Dr. Bampidis Vasileios National Agricultural Research Foundation Prof. N.A. Amusa (NAGREF), Animal Research Institute 58100 Editor, African Journal of Agricultural Research Giannitsa, Academic Journals. Greece. Dr. Panagiota Florou-Paneri Dr. Zhang Yuanzhi Laboratory of Nutrition, Laboratory of Space Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Technology (HUT) Kilonkallio Espoo, Aristotle University of Finland. Thessaloniki, Greece. Dr. Mboya E. Burudi Prof. Dr. Abdul Majeed International Livestock Research Institute Department of Botany, University of (ILRI) P.O. Box 30709 Nairobi 00100, Gujrat,India, Director Horticulture, Kenya. and landscaping. Dr. Andres Cibils India. Assistant Professor of Rangeland Science Dept. of Animal and Range Sciences Prof. Suleyman TABAN Box 30003, MSC 3-I New Mexico State University Department of Soil Science and Plant Las Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Cruces, Ankara University, NM 88003 (USA). 06100 Ankara-TURKEY. Dr. MAJID Sattari Prof.Hyo Choi Rice Research Institute of Graduate School Iran, Amol-Iran. Gangneung-Wonju National University Gangneung, Dr. Agricola Odoi Gangwondo 210- University of Tennessee, 702, Korea. TN., USA. Dr. MATIYAR RAHAMAN KHAN Prof. Horst Kaiser AICRP (Nematode), Directorate of Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Rhodes University, PO Box Viswavidyalaya, P.O. Kalyani, Nadia, PIN- 94, South Africa. 741235, West Bengal. India. Prof. Xingkai Xu Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Prof. Hamid AIT-AMAR Chinese Academy of University of Science and Technology, Sciences, Beijing 100029, Houari Bouemdiene, B.P. 32, 16111 EL-Alia, China. Algiers, Algeria. Dr. Agele, Samuel Ohikhena Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Prof. Sheikh Raisuddin Management, Federal University of Department of Medical Elementology and Technology Toxicology,Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) PMB 704, New Akure, Delhi, Nigeria. India. Dr. E.M. Aregheore Prof. Ahmad Arzani The University of the South Pacific, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding School of Agriculture and Food Technology College of Agriculture Alafua Campus, Isfahan University of Technology Apia, SAMOA Isfahan-84156, Iran. Dr. Mohamed A. Dawoud Editorial Board Water Resources Department, Terrestrial Environment Research Centre, Dr. Bradley G Fritz Environmental Research and Wildlife Development Agency Research Scientist, (ERWDA), Environmental Technology Division, P. O. Box 45553, Battelle, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Abu Dhabi, 902 Battelle Blvd., Richland, United Arab Emirates. Washington, USA. Dr. Phillip Retief Celliers Dept. Agriculture and Game Management, Dr. Almut Gerhardt LimCo PO BOX 77000, NMMU, International, University of PE, 6031, Tuebingen, Germany. South Africa. Dr. Celin Acharya Dr. Rodolfo Ungerfeld Dr. K.S.Krishnan Research Associate (KSKRA), Departamento de Fisiología, Molecular Biology Division, Facultad de Veterinaria, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo 11600, Trombay, Mumbai-85, Uruguay. India. Dr. Timothy Smith Dr. Daizy R. Batish Department Stable Cottage, Cuttle Lane, of Botany, Panjab University, Biddestone, Chippenham, Chandigarh, Wiltshire, SN14 7DF. India. UK. Dr. Seyed Mohammad Ali Razavi Dr. E. Nicholas Odongo, University of Ferdowsi, 27 Cole Road, Guelph, Department of Food Science and Technology, Ontario. N1G 4S3 Mashhad, Canada. Iran. Dr. D. K. Singh Dr. Yasemin Kavdir Scientist Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Division, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineeinrg Department of Soil Sciences, Terzioglu Bhopal- 462038, M.P. Campus 17100 India. Canakkale Turkey. Prof. Hezhong Dong Professor of Agronomy, Prof. Giovanni Dinelli Cotton Research Center, Department of Agroenvironmental Science and Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Technology Jinan 250100 Viale Fanin 44 40100, Bologna China. Italy. Dr. Ousmane Youm Prof. Huanmin Zhou Assistant Director of Research & Leader, College of Biotechnology at Inner Mongolia Integrated Rice Productions Systems Program Agricultural University, Africa Rice Center (WARDA) 01BP 2031, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306# Cotonou, Zhao Wu Da Street, Benin. Hohhot 010018, P. R. China, China. African Journal of A gricultural Research Table of Contents: Volume 12 Number 8, 23 February, 2017 ARTICLES Treatments and utilization of swine waste in Brazil 542 Kesia Damaris de Azevedo Frigo, Armin Feiden, Silvio César Sampaio, Geraldo Camilo Alberton, Lara Talita Schneider, Gabriela Bonassa, Elisadro Pires Frigo and Reginaldo Ferreira Santos Effects of edible coating materials and stages of maturity at harvest on storage life and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) fruits 550 Zekrehiwot Abebe, Yetenayet B. Tola and Ali Mohammed Wheat yield obtained from nitrogen dose and fractionation 566 Ana Paula Brezolin, José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva, Fabricia Roos-Frantz, Manuel Osorio Binelo, Cleusa Adriane Menegassi Bianchi Krüger, Emilio Ghisleni Arenhardt, Anderson Marolli, Rubia Diana Mantai, Osmar Bruneslau Scremin and Eldair Fabricio Dornelles Effect of Global-GAP policy on smallholder French beans farmers’ climate change adaptation strategies in Kenya 577 Peter Shimon Otieno, Chris Ackello Ogutu, John Mburu and Rose Adhiambo Nyikal Adjustment of decay rates of organic matter in a Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo in the Araripe National Forest, Brazil 588 Adriana Oliveira Araújo, Luiz Alberto Ribeiro Mendonça, Maria Gorethe de Sousa Lima, Eduardo de Sá Mendonça, Fernando José Araújo da Silva, José Marcos Sasaki, Antonio Italcy de Oliveira Júnior and José Valmir Feitosa Aluminum buffering in acid soil under mineral gypsum application 597 Igor Tenório Marinho Rocha, Nathalia Sobral Bezerra, Fernando José Freire, Edivan Rodrigues de Souza, Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos Freire, Emídio Cantídio Almeida de Oliveira and Djalma Euzébio Simões Neto Soil pH, available P of an ultisol and castor performance as influenced by contrasting tillage methods and wood ash 606 Nweke, I. A., Mbah, C. N., Oweremadu, E. O., Dambaba, N., Orji, E. C., Ekesiobi, A. I. and Nnabuife, E. L. C. Socioeconomic determinants of hybrid maize adoption in Kenya 617 Wang, Y.1, Vitale, J., Park, P., Adams, B., Agesa, B. and Korir M. African Journal of Agricultural Research Table of Contents: Volume 12 Number 8, 23 February, 2017 Assessing environmental and social impacts of the oil palm industry in Ghana: A project synthesis 632 Isaac Gyamfi Challenges of herdsmen-farmers’ conflict in livestock production in Nigeria: Experience of pastoralists in Kogi State, Nigeria 642 Dimelu M. U., Salifu D. E., Enwelu A. I. and Igbokwe E. M. Viability of the use of grass in the cultivation of the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum 651 André Luiz Merthan Saad, Otavio Augusto Pessotto Alves Siqueira, Olívia Gomes Martins, Sthefany Rodrigues Fernandes Viana and Meire Cristina Nogueira de Andrade Does the quality of Luehea divaricata seedlings in the nursery correspond to their behavior in the field? 658 Jessé Caletti Mezzomo, Maristela Machado Araujo, Daniele Guarienti Rorato, Daniele Rodrigues Gomes, Adriana Falcão Dutra and Felipe Turchetto Vol. 12(8), pp. 542-549, 23 February, 2017 DOI: 10.5897/AJAR2016.11775 Article Number: 71405D362834 African Journal of Agricultural ISSN 1991-637X Copyright ©2017 Research Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR Review Treatments and utilization of swine waste in Brazil Kesia Damaris de Azevedo Frigo1*, Armin Feiden1, Silvio César Sampaio1, Geraldo Camilo Alberton2, Lara Talita Schneider1, Gabriela Bonassa1, Elisadro Pires Frigo2 and Reginaldo Ferreira Santos1 1State University of West Parana, University Street, University Garden, Cascavel, PR 85819-110, Brazil. 2Federal University of Parana, Pioneiro Street, Palotina, PR 85950-000, Brazil. Received 29 September, 2016; Accepted 21 November, 2016 Swine wastes obtained from farming activities have the greatest impact on the environment by environmental agencies. Swine wastes together with poor management represent risks to the environment. In Brazil, these activities significantly increased in the last years and from 2014, the country became the fourth largest producer in the world. Swine wastes