Name Period The Seasons on Earth – Note Taking Guide DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks below, using the word bank provided. Label all latitudes shown in the diagram. Axis 0o Arctic Circle Changes 23.5o N Antarctic Circle Daylight 23.5o S North Pole Length 66.5o N South Pole Seasons 66.5o S Equator Tilted 90o N Tropic of Cancer 23.5o 90o S Tropic of Capricorn 1. The earth is on its axis . 2. The tilt effects the of our days and causes the of our . 3. 4. Solar flux describes . 5. When only a small amount of light hits a surface there is . 6. Solar flux effects the of a surface. 7. Low flux will make a surface and high flux will make a surface . 8. What two factors cause solar flux to be lower at higher latitudes? DIRECTION: Fill in as much information as you can about the movement of our planet around the Sun. The word bank below will help you get started. You should be able to fill in every blank line provided. 1. Earth’s orbit around the sun is nearly . 2. Earth is closest to the sun during N. Hemisphere . This is . 3. Earth is farthest away from the sun during N. Hemisphere . This is . Circular Aphelion March 22nd Elliptical Summer Solstice September 22nd Orbit Winter Solstice June 22nd Tilted Vernal Equinox December 22nd Perihelion Autumnal Equinox Sun Name KEY Period The Seasons on Earth – Note Taking Guide DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks below, using the word bank provided. Label all latitudes shown in the diagram. Axis 0o Arctic Circle Changes 23.5o N Antarctic Circle Daylight 23.5o S North Pole Length 66.5o N South Pole Seasons 66.5o S Equator Tilted 90o N Tropic of Cancer 23.5o 90o S Tropic of Capricorn 1. The earth is tilted on its axis 23.5o . 2. The tilt effects the length of our days and causes the changes of our seasons . 3. North Pole, 90o N o Equator, 0 o Arctic Circle, 66.5 N o Tropic of Capricorn, 23.5 S Tropic of Cancer, 23.5o N Antarctic Circle, 66.5o S South Pole, 90o S Axis 4. Solar flux describes amount of sunlight that strikes a given surface . 5. When only a small amount of light hits a surface there is low solar flux . 6. Solar flux effects the temperature of a surface. 7. Low flux will make a surface cool and high flux will make a surface hot . 8. What two factors cause solar flux to be lower at higher latitudes? Tilt of axis Earth is a sphere. KEY DIRECTION: Fill in as much information as you can about the movement of our planet around the Sun. The word bank below will help you get started. You should be able to fill in every blank line provided. 1. Earth’s orbit around the sun is nearly circular . 2. Earth is closest to the sun during N. Hemisphere winter . This is perihelion . 3. Earth is farthest away from the sun during N. Hemisphere summer. This is aphelion . Circular Aphelion March 22nd Elliptical Summer Solstice September 22nd Orbit Winter Solstice June 22nd Tilted Vernal Equinox December 22nd Perihelion Autumnal Equinox 1. Vernal Equinox 2. March 22 3. First day of spring 4. All latitudes receive 12 hours of daylight 1. Summer Solstice 1. Winter Solstice 5. All latitudes receive 12 hours of 2. June 22 2. December 22 darkness 3. First day of summer 3. First day of winter 6. Axis points neither towards, nor away 4. North Pole tilts 4. South Pole tilts from the sun toward sun toward sun 5. South Pole tilts away 5. North Pole tilts away from sun from sun 6. More than 12 hours 6. More than 12 hours daylight in northern daylight in southern hemisphere hemisphere 7. Less than 12 hours 7. Less than 12 hours daylight in southern daylight in northern hemisphere Sun hemisphere 8. The area above the 8. The area below the Arctic Circle has 24 Antarctic Circle has hours daylight 24 hours of daylight 9. The area below the 9. The area above the Antarctic Circle has Arctic Circle has 24 24 hours of darkness hours of darkness 1. Autumnal Equinox 2. September 22 3. First day of fall Orbit 4. All latitudes receive 12 hours of daylight 5. All latitudes receive 12 hours of darkness 6. Axis points neither towards, nor away from the sun Noon Sun Angle Worksheet Name Name Date Subsolar Point (Latitude where the sun is overhead at noon) Equinox March 22nd 0o Equinox September 22nd 0o Solstice June 22nd 23.5˚ N Solstice December 22nd 23.5˚ S Noon Sun Angle = 90 – Zenith Angle Zenith Angle = latitude where you are at ± subsolar point If the subsolar point and your latitude are in the same hemisphere, subtract. If the subsolar point and your latitude are in different hemispheres, add. Note: if you get a negative number, it means that no sunlight is received at that time of year… or it is dark for 24 hours, use 0o as your answer. Instructions: complete the table. Problem Time of Year Subsolar Latitude Zenith Angle Noon Sun Angle Noon Point where you Calculation Sun are "at" Angle Example September 22 0˚ 14˚ 14 – 0 = 14 90 – 14 = 76 76˚ 1 Equinox 23.5˚N 90 – = 2 March 22 80˚N 90 – = 3 September 22 80˚S 90 – = 4 June 22 80˚N 90 – = 5 June 22 80˚S 90 – = 6 June 22 0˚ 90 – = 7 December 22 80˚S 90 – = 8 December 22 80˚N 90 – = 9 December 22 23.5 ˚S 90 – = 10 March 22 34˚N 90 – = 11. June 22 34˚N 90 – = 12. December 22 34˚N 90 – = More about Noon Sun Angles North South This is a diagram of a house in Arizona. Pretend that the house is in southern Arizona at 33˚N. The diagram shows summer sun's rays at noon on the June 22nd Solstice and winter sun's rays at noon on the December 22nd Solstice. 13. What is the angle of the sun’s rays at noon during the summer (June 22nd Solstice)? ___________. Show your work here: 14. What is the angle of the sun’s rays at noon during the winter (December 22nd Solstice)? ___________________. Show your work here: Bonus Questions 15. The original diagram is not correct. The summer angle should both be more vertical and the winter angle should be shallower. Use a protractor to check the diagram, then correct the picture. Use the white in the middle of the picture as the guide for your protractor. 16. Would you put a shade tree on the north or the south side of the house? Why? KEY Problem Time of Year Subsolar Latitude Zenith Angle Noon Sun Angle Noon Point where Calculation Sun you are Angle "at" Example September 22 0˚ 14˚ 14 – 0 = 14 90 – 14 = 76 76˚ 1 Equinox 0˚ 23.5˚N 23.5 – 0 = 23.5 90 – 23.5 = 66.5 66.5˚ 2 March 22 0˚ 80˚N 80 – 0 = 80 90 – 80 = 10 10˚ 3 September 22 0˚ 80˚S 80 – 0 = 80 90 – 80 = 10 10˚ 4 June 22 23.5˚ N 80˚N 80 – 23.5 = 56.6 90 – 56.5 = 33.5 33.5˚ 5 June 22 23.5˚ N 80˚S 80 + 23.5 = 103.5 90 – 103.5 = -13.5 0˚ this means no 24 hours sunlight is received of night 6 June 22 23.5˚ N 0˚ 23.5 – 0 = 23.5 90 – 23.5 = 66.5 66.5˚ 7 December 22 23.5˚ S 80˚S 80 – 23.5 = 56.5 90 – 56.5 = 33.5 33.5˚ 8 December 22 23.5˚ S 80˚N 80 + 23.5 = 103.5 90 – 103.5 = -13.5 0˚ this means no 24 hours sunlight is received of night 9 December 22 23.5˚ S 23.5 ˚S 23.5 – 23.5 = 0 90 – 0 = 90 90˚ 10 March 22 0˚ 34˚N 34 – 0 = 34 90 – 34 = 56 56˚ 11. June 22 23.5˚ N 34˚N 34 – 23.5 = 10.5 90 – 10.5 = 79.5 79.5˚ 12. December 22 23.5˚ S 34˚N 34 + 23.5 = 57.5 90 – 57.5 = 32.5 32.5˚ KEY Correct Original- not correct North South North South This is a diagram of a house in Arizona. Let’s pretend that the house is in southern Arizona at 33˚N. The diagram shows summer sun's rays at noon on the June 22nd Solstice and winter sun's rays at noon on the December 22nd Solstice. 13. What is the angle of the sun’s rays at noon during the summer (June 22nd Solstice)? ___________. Show your work here: Zenith Angle = 33 - 23.5 = 9.5 Sun Angle = 90 – 9.5˚ = 80.5˚ 14. What is the angle of the sun’s rays at noon during the winter (December 22nd Solstice)? __________. Show your work here: Zenith Angle = 33.5 + 23.5 = 56.5 Sun Angle = 90 – 56.5 = 33.5˚ Bonus Questions 15. The original diagram is not correct. The summer angle should both be more vertical and the winter angle should be shallower. Use a protractor to check the diagram, then correct the picture. Use the white in the middle of the picture as the guide for your protractor. See correction in diagram at the top of this page 16. Would you put a shade tree on the north or the south side of the house? Why? The diagram shows that the sun is always shining from the south.