Structure, Equipment and Systems for Offshore Wind Farms on the OCS Part 2 of 2 Parts - Commentary pal Author, Houston, Texas Houston, Texas pal Author, Project No. 633, Contract M09PC00015 Prepared for: Minerals Management Service Department of the Interior Dr. Malcolm Sharples, Princi This draft report has not been reviewed by the Minerals Management Service, nor has it been approved for publication. Approval, when given, does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Offshore : Risk & Technology Consulting Inc. December 2009 MINERALS MANAGEMENT SERVICE CONTRACT Structure, Equipment and Systems for Offshore Wind on the OCS - Commentary 2 MMS Order No. M09PC00015 Structure, Equipment and Systems: Commentary Front Page Acknowledgement– Kuhn M. (2001), Dynamics and design optimisation of OWECS, Institute for Wind Energy, Delft Univ. of Technology TABLE OF CONTENTS Authors’ Note, Disclaimer and Invitation:.......................................................................... 5 1.0 OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................... 6 MMS and Alternative Energy Regulation .................................................................... 10 1.1 Existing Standards and Guidance Overview..................................................... 13 1.2 Country Requirements. ..................................................................................... 18 1.2.1 Denmark.................................................................................................... 20 1.2.2 Germany.................................................................................................... 24 1.2.3 The Netherlands........................................................................................ 26 1.4 IEC Code 61400-22 Certification. .................................................................... 26 1.4.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 28 1.4.2 Certification Industry Practice on Land or in Europe Offshore................ 29 1.4.3 Type Certification..................................................................................... 29 1.4.4 Project Certification.................................................................................. 32 1.4.5 Acceptance of Operating Bodies .............................................................. 35 1.4.6 Extension of the Certificates..................................................................... 36 1.4.7 Observations on the Certification Requirements of the IEC Code........... 37 1.4.7.1 Load Cases (IEC 61400-22 8.3.3)............................................................. 37 1.4.7.2 Control and Protection System (IEC 61400-22 8.3.2).............................. 37 1.4.7.3 Acoustic Noise Measurements (IEC 61400-22 8.8.3) .............................. 38 1.4.7.4 Tower, Nacelle and Spinner..................................................................... 39 1.4.7.5 Personnel Safety (IEC 61400-22 8.3.14) .................................................. 39 1.4.7.6 Inspection of Personnel Safety (IEC 61400-22 (D.6)).............................. 39 1.4.8 Attendance of Certifier............................................................................. 40 1.4.8.1 IEC Code 61400-22 on Surveillance ........................................................ 40 1.4.8.2 Germanischer Lloyd Certification ............................................................ 42 1.4.8.3 DNV Certification..................................................................................... 47 1.4.8.4 Practical Matters....................................................................................... 49 1.4.8.5 The Need for Oversight ............................................................................ 49 1.6 MMS CVA Function.........................................................................................57 1.6.1 MMS Platform Verification Program for Oil and Gas Platforms:............ 57 1.6.1.1 Qualifications of the CVA for oil and gas Industry.................................. 58 1.6.1.2 Activities carried out by CVA for oil and gas Industry............................ 58 1.6.2 CVA Activities for Offshore Wind Farms................................................ 60 1.6.3 CVA Going Forward.................................................................................62 1.7 Social Risk and Responsibility ......................................................................... 64 1.8 References......................................................................................................... 70 2.0 EXTERNAL CONDITIONS..................................................................................... 73 2.1 Metocean........................................................................................................... 73 2.2 Soil .................................................................................................................... 79 2.2.1 MMS Requirements.................................................................................. 79 2.2.2 Guidance on Foundations for Jack-up Installation Vessels ...................... 81 [email protected] 3 MMS Order No. M09PC00015 Structure, Equipment and Systems: Commentary 2.2.3 Applicable Codes and Guidance for Soils and Turbine and Transformer Station Foundations. ................................................................................................. 86 2.3 References......................................................................................................... 86 3.0 FACILITY DESIGN BASIS ...................................................................................... 87 3.1 Bottom Supported Fixed Structure ................................................................... 87 3.1.1 Design Load Conditions ........................................................................... 88 3.1.1.1 Fault Conditions........................................................................................ 91 3.1.2 Foundations............................................................................................... 94 3.1.2.1 IEC CODE................................................................................................ 94 3.1.2.2 Vibrational Characteristics of Foundations .............................................. 98 3.1.2.3 Applicable Codes...................................................................................... 99 3.1.2.4 References............................................................................................... 102 3.2 Floating Facility.............................................................................................. 104 3.2.1 Anticipated Requirements....................................................................... 104 3.2.2 Applicable Codes.................................................................................... 105 3.4 Blades.............................................................................................................. 110 3.4.1 Blade Throw............................................................................................117 3.4.2 Blade Tests.............................................................................................. 118 3.4.4 Blade Design........................................................................................... 123 3.4.5 Icing ........................................................................................................ 125 3.4.5 References............................................................................................... 126 3.5 Gearboxes ....................................................................................................... 126 3.5.1 References............................................................................................... 130 3.6 Control Monitoring & Condition Monitoring................................................. 130 3.6.1 Control Monitoring................................................................................. 131 3.6.2 Condition Monitoring System................................................................. 133 3.6.3 GL Certification of Condition Monitoring Systems ............................... 134 3.6.4 IEC CODE.............................................................................................. 140 3.6.5 Certification ............................................................................................ 142 3.6.7 References............................................................................................... 142 3.7 Lightning......................................................................................................... 145 3.7.1 Safety Management System Input Information ............................................. 152 3.7.1 References............................................................................................... 157 3.9 Fire in Wind Turbines and Transformer Substations...................................... 160 3.9.1 Fire Detection..........................................................................................167 3.9.2 & 3.9.3 Fire Protection Equipment............................................................ 168 3.9.4 Safety Management System Input Information .....................................