Program Abstracts A-7. and r=0.83,p=0.003 at 2 hr and 24 hr respectively; N=10),CK and IL-6(r=0.85, POSTER SESSION p=0.03 and r=0.64, p=0.05 at 2 and 24 hr, respectively), and LDH and WCC were correlated (r=0.67, p=0.010 at 24; N=7). All relationships disappeared by 72 hr. BIOLOGICAL; MEDICAL Based upon these findings; we conclude common stress markers following eccentric exercise are related to immune function. Future investigations are needed to determine 9:00 - 10:00AM whether immune stimulation is mechanism behind exercise-induced catabolism KERNS CHAPEL Board4 AMRICOMPARISONOFTHECAUDATENUCLEIVOLUMESIN DEPRESSED WOMEN AND NORMAL CONTROLS. Tiffany Frankhauser Board 1 HIGH DIETARY PROTEIN INTAKE INCREASESSERUMENZYME [email protected] (Cathy L. Pederson,[email protected]) ACTIVlTY FOLLOWING DAMAGING EXERCISE IN HUMANS. Amy L.Miracle, WittenbergUniversity,DeptofBiology,POBox720,SpringfieldOH45501. [email protected]@kentedu(LormieM.LoweryBowery(5)kentedu) Recent evidence suggests that the caudate nucleus may play arole in depression as Dept of Nutrition, Rm. 100 Nixson Hall, Kent State University, Kent OH 44242. the destruction of the caudate nucleus leads to changes in behavior and problem Rodent data suggest that high protein intakes can significantly elevate serum creatine solving. Therefore, it is expected that a significant reduction will be observed in the kinase (CK) and aspartate transaminase (AST) concentrations following damaging volume of the caudate nuclei in depressed subjects when compared withnondepressed exercise. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of protein controls. Fifteen right-handed women ages 20 to 40 were categorized into two intake on exercise-induced muscle injury (serum enzyme activity) in humans. The groups: six subjects sufferingfrom major depression as indicated by elevations above hypothesis was that large protein intakes (> 1.8g/kg) increased serum enzymes 24 85 on the Millon Clinical MultiaxialInventory, and nine nondepressed controls. hours after eccentric exercise compared to moderate or Sow protein intakes. Twenty- There was no signigicant difference between the groups based on age, education, IQ, six male volunteers completed either a 40-minute downhill run (n= 14) or a 12-set alcohol intake, or smoking habits (p>0.442, n= 15). Using 3D Brainstation on resistance exercise protocol (n= 12). The exercise protocols were similar in their magnetic resonance images, three tracings were taken of the left and right caudate induction of tissue damage (enzyme release). Based upon 5-day diet logs, participants nucleiwithamouse-drivencursorevery 2mm in transaxial slices. These values were were stratified by usual protein intake: "low",< 1.4g/kg body mass; "med", 1.4-1.8g/ averaged and the results summed to approximate the total volume of the caudate kg; and "high", > 1.8g/kg. Protein intakes differed significantly among categories nuclei. The goal was to determine whether there was a significant difference in the but carbohydrate, fat and energy intake did not (p>0.10). Serum values of CK, AST, volume ofthe caudate nuclei in women who were depressed compared to nondepressed alanine transaminase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured prior controls. Preliminary results ofthe omnibus test from MANO V A show no significant to and 24 hours after exercise. Significant differences were found between the high difference in the left orright caudate nucleus between groups [F(2.12)= 1.08, p=0.372, (37.0±8.8)versesmed(23.8±7.8)(p=0.0027)andlow(22.6±7.3)(p=0.0034)protein Eta2=0.152]. intake groups for ALT. Significance was also found in AST values, with high protein intakes (32.6±7.5) resulting in larger concentrations compared to med (24.3±6.5) Board5 THE EFFECT OF OVER-THE-COUNTER (p=0.064) and low (25.6±7.5) (p=0.058) protein intakes. Creatine kinase, similarly, DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE (DHEA) ON SERUM SODIUM was significantly differentbetweenthehigh(754.4±651.0)andmed(287.3±120.0) CONCENTRATIONINMICE. Carrie Mills, [email protected] ArinFletcher. protein intake groups (p=0.032). We conclude that humans respond similarly to rats, Emily Richards. (Donald Troike. don [email protected])DeptofBiology, in that a high level of protein intake increases enzyme efflux following damaging Wilmington College, 251 Ludovic St, Wilmington OH45177. DHEA, a hormone secreted by the adrenal gland, is believed to enhance a wide range ofphysiological functions. Itfirst appears inhumans in abouttheir seventh yearoflife Board2 EFFECTS OF PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE (PPA) ON BEHAVIOR, and peaks around the age of 25 before gradually decliningto very low levels by age PROTEIN LEVELS,AND REPRODUCTIVE HORMONE SIN YOUNG FEMALE 70. This has produced amarket for the over-the-counter (OTC) sales of this hormone. RATS. Andrea M. Dvorak [email protected] (Beth B. Pritts Aprevious study demonstratedthatpurifiedDHEA (SigmaChemical) significantly [email protected]) Dept of Biology, LeMoyne College, 1419 Salt Springs elevated serum sodium concentrations in male mice. Since OTC-DHEApreparations Rd,SyracuseNY 13214. are derived from plant sources, it was of interest to test the effectiveness of an OTC Phenylpropanolamine(PPA)isachemical compound found in a number of weight formulation. In this study 3 groups of 6 male mice were used. Each was administered loss products and over the counter cold medicines. This experiment is designed to test 0.5 ml of one of three solutions by gavage: vegetable oil alone, vegetable oil the effects of PPA (in the form of Dexatrim®, an over the counter diet drug) on young containing 1 mgofpurifiedDHEA(Sigma),orvegetableoilcontaining 1 mgofOTC- female CD IGS rats. The purpose of this project is to determine if PPA has behavioral DHEA(GeneralNutritionCorp).Eighthours later tailveinblood was collected from effects, as well as having effects similar to those associated with starvation, such as each mouse and the sera separated by centrifugation. Blood samples were also protein degradation leading to muscle wasting. This experiment will use sixteen collected prior to gavage. All serum samples were diluted 1/2500 with deionized female rats, divided into a control and experimental groups, both of which will be fed waterandfeeirNaconcenti^ionsdeterminedwithaPerkinsElmerAtomicAbsorption ground rat chow, with the experimental rats receiving Dexitrim® mixed into their Spectrometerfollowing directions hits procedure manual. Preliminary results at this chow for a total of 30 days. After 20 days of PPA exposure, the rats will swim in a time indicate that the OTC-DHE A does not elevate serumNa concentrations, unlike Morris water maze (MWM) onceaday for a total often trials. There have been reports the purified product. If this holds true in subsequent experiments, then we question that those on weight loss products feel more nervous and agitated; therefore, PPA the labeling and effectiveness of OTC-DHEA products. exposure could cause a decreased time to locate the podium. In addition, protein levels in the heart, kidney, liver, and muscle will be determined by a Lowry assay. Board6 HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUMES AND MEMORY CAPABILITIES IN Because weight loss and a decrease in food intake have been reported to alter WOMEN WITHPOSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDERSECONDARYTO menstruation, potential effects of PPA on female reproductive hormone levels will be CHTCT)HCODABUSE.MeganAHofimar^s02.mhcto determined using radio immuno assay. Reproductive cyclicity will be assessed via M. Peters, Kelly A. Zander. (Cathy [email protected]) Wittenberg vaginal lavage. University,DeptofBiology,POBox720,SpringfieldOH45501. Abuse during childhood has been shown to induce Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Board3 IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES ARE RELATED TO (PTSD) in some trauma survivors. In this study, right handed women ages 20 to 40 BIOCHEMICAL STRESS MARKERS IN THE ACUTE PHASE FOLLOWING were categorized into three groups: PTSD and abuse group, abuse only group, and DAMAGING EXERCISE. Priti Rane, [email protected]: Amy Miracle, normal controls (n=3 3,11 per group). Dividingthe subjects in this way allowedfor [email protected]; Lonnie Lowery. [email protected] l00 NixsonHall. Kent State differentiationbetween abuse andPTSDeffects.Placingsubjects into triads, one from University, Kent OH 44242. each group, compensated for possible variation in age, education, IQ, body mass Tissue damage and infection initiate a stereotypical sequence of host defense reactions index, alcohol intake, andnicotine habits (p>.07). Afteran initial phone questionnaire, called the acute phase response. The hypothesis of this investigation was that subjects answered demographic questions and took the Childhood Trauma immunological factors like WCC (white cell count), neutrophils (Neut), and Questionnaire, the TraumaSymptomsInventory, mdiheMillionMultiaxialClinical interleukin-6(IL-6)followingdamagingeccentricexercise are related tobiochemical Inventory. Subjectswere given the WeschlerMemoryScales(WAS), were interviewed stress markers including total urinary nitrogen (TUN), creatine kinase (CK) and todeterminedPTSDstatus,andriadanMRIbrains(antaken.Becausethehippocampus lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) - often described in clinical situations. After obtaining isthecenteroflearningandmemory inthebrain, itemized WMS scores were statistically pre-exercise urine and blood measurements, 14 male resistance-trained athletes compared using one-way ANO VA testing to assess differences among the three performed six sets