AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL INTERFERENCE IN INTERVIEW SESSION OF PUTERI INDONESIA 2009 ON MISS UNIVERSE CONTEST 2010 By DEWI PERMATA SARI 107026001180 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY “SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH” JAKARTA 2011 AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL INTERFERENCE IN INTERVIEW SESSION OF PUTERI INDONESIA 2009 ON MISS UNIVERSE CONTEST 2010 A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Strata One (S1) By DEWI PERMATA SARI 107026001180 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY “SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH” JAKARTA 2011 ABSTRACT Dewi Permata Sari, An Analysis of Grammatical Interference in Interview Session of Puteri Indonesia 2009 on Miss Universe Contest 2010. Thesis: Letters and Humanities Faculty. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2011. In this research, the writer discusses language interference from the grammatical aspect. It is one of bilingualism aspect that occur on the level of the structure and cultural sense whether oral or written, especially when somebody is learning his/her second language. In this case is Indonesian to English in interview session of Puteri Indonesia 2009 on Miss Universe contest 2010 as the unit of analysis of this research. It is chosen because the interviewee sometimes uses her Indonesian language that often contains error in her conversation. The purpose of the study is to find out the types of grammatical interference and the factors cause grammatical interference in the interview. The writer focuses the study on the interview of Puteri Indonesia 2009 on Miss Universe Contest 2010. In this research, the writer uses qualitative method of content analysis, explains some theories that related to grammatical interference, and then collects the data of the interview. Based on the theories, the writer selects some sentences included grammatical interference from the interview and analyzes them one by one. As a result of the research, the writer concludes that not all sentences spoken by the interviewee are fulfill the English Standard. It shows that there are many grammatical errors due to language interference that influence bilingual’s speech. In other words, her sentences are interfered by her mother tongue, namely Bahasa Indonesia and those caused by the interviewee did not master English grammar. Finally, the writer wants her study to be useful for all of the readers, especially the students of English Letters Department. The writer also expects to all the readers and students to enrich their knowledge about grammatical interference. i APPROVEMENT AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL INTERFERENCE IN INTERVIEW SESSION OF PUTERI INDONESIA 2009 ON MISS UNIVERSE CONTEST 2010 A Thesis Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Strata One (S1) Dewi Permata Sari 107026001180 Approved by: Dr. H. Muhammad Farkhan, M. Pd Advisor ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY “SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH” JAKARTA 2011 ii LEGALIZATION Name : Dewi Permata Sari NIM : 107026001180 Title : An Analysis of Grammatical Interference in Interview Session of Puteri Indonesia 2009 on Miss Universe Contest 2010 The thesis entitled has been defended before the Letter and Humanities Faculty’s Examination Committee on May 25, 2011. It has already been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Strata 1. Jakarta, May 25, 2011 Examination Committee Signature Date 1. Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd (Chair Person) _________ _________ 19640710 199303 1 006 2. Elve Oktafiyani, M.Hum (Secretary) _________ _________ 19781003 200112 2 002 3. Dr.H. Muhammad Farkhan, M.Pd (Advisor) _________ _________ 19650919 200003 1 002 4. Drs. H. Abd. Hamid, M.Ed (Examiner I) _________ _________ 150 181 922 5. Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd (Examiner II) _________ _________ 19640710 199303 1 006 iii DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due to acknowledgement has been made in the text. Jakarta, May 18, 2011 Dewi Permata Sari iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful All praises to Allah SWT, Almighty and Merciful, The Great Creator and The Lord of Universe, for guiding the writer amazingly and mysteriously during the process of this research. Peace and salutation are upon the greatest prophet, Muhammad SAW, his family, and his companions. The writer would like to give her sincerest gratitude to her beloved parents, her father, for giving advice, understanding, and financial encouragement during the process of her thesis, also her mother, for her everlasting love and her every-time-prayers. It makes the writer realize that she would have never finished her study without their support. The writer also would like to express her deepest gratitude to the individuals for helping her finishing this thesis and for their contribution in the process of writing until it had become a complete work. They are as follows: 1. Dr. Abd. Wahid Hasyim, M.Ag, the Dean of Letters and Humaties Faculty. 2. Dr. H. Muhammad Farkhan, M.Pd, the Vice Dean of Letters and Humanities Faculty and also as the writer’s advisor of for guiding and suggesting her in making a good thesis from the beginning until the end of writing. 3. Drs. A. Saefuddin, M.Pd, the Head of English Letters Department and Mrs. Elve Octaviany, M.Hum, the Secretary of English Letters. v 4. All of the lecturers in English Letters Department for teaching her many things during study. 5. All the staff of library and academic of Adab and Humanities Faculty and State Islamic University. 6. The writer’s beloved brother Praka Nanang Nur Anhar along with his wife, Rita Anita Sari, for becoming inspiration of her success and always give her support; financially, morally and spiritually. 7. The writer’s friends: Yasir Mubarok, Ka’ Nopita and Ka’ Denny, for help and support in making this thesis; Esa Yolanda, Nur Izma, Putri Martanti, Nurul Laily, and Cici Puput for the wonderful friendship and for the help in the process of writing; Sohibussirri, Sangkawentar, Hendri Aditia, for laughs and every funniest things they brought. 8. All fellows at English Letter Department especially Linguistics class who cannot be mentioned one by one. May Allah SWT, The Almighty and The Merciful, bless them all. The writer realizes that this paper is not fully perfect. Therefore, the writer would like to accept any constructive suggestion to make this paper better. Jakarta, April 15, 2011 The writer vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………... i APPROVEMENT …………………………………………………………….... ii LEGALIZATION ……………………………………………………………... iii DECLARATION ………………………………………………………………. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .…….…………………………………………….… v TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………….. vii CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ………………………………………….... 1 A. Background of Study ……………………………………...1 B. Focus of the Study ……………………………………….. 5 C. Research Question …………………………………………5 D. Objective of the Research ……………………………….. 6 E. Significance of the Research ……………………………. 6 F. Research Methodology ……………………………………6 1. Method of the Research ……………………………… 6 2. Data Analysis …………………………………………. 7 3. Instrument of the Research ………………………….. 7 4. Unit of Analysis ……………………………………… 7 5. Time and Venue ……………………………………… 8 CHAPTER II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ……...………………...... 9 A. Grammar ………………………………………………..... 9 1. The Definition of Grammar …………………………. 9 2. Types of Grammar ………………………………...... 12 B. Grammatical Interference ……………………………… 13 1. The Definition of Grammatical Interference ……… 13 2. Types of Grammatical Interference ……………….. 16 C. Causes of Grammatical Interference ………………….. 18 vii 1. Bilingualism and Multilingualism ………………..…18 2. Types of Bilingual Competence …………...……….. 19 3. Other Factors Related to Interference …………….. 20 D. Error Analysis ................................................................... 22 1. Morphological Error .................................................. 22 2. Syntax Error ………………………………………... 23 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDINGS ……………………...……………. 24 A. Data Description ……………………………………….…24 B. Data Analysis ……………………………………………. 28 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................... 46 A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 46 B. Suggestion …………………………………………..…… 47 BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………….. 49 APPENDICES …………………………………………………………..…..… 51 viii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of Study Language is always changing, evolving, and adapting to the needs of its users. These happening exist because of social, economic, and cultural contact. As an integral part of culture, language cannot be separated from the problem mentioned above. People cannot avoid the language interplay, especially in an open speech community, which has a relationship with another one. The communities will have a contact language with all linguistic events as consequences. If the same speaker uses two or more languages interchangeably, it means that the language is in a state of contact. The language contact between first language and second language will create interplay. As a result, many language problems arise in