African Studies Quarterly Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 Spring 2012 Published by the Center for African Studies, University of Florida ISSN: 2152-2448 African Studies Quarterly Executive Staff R. Hunt Davis, Jr. - Editor-in-Chief Todd H. Leedy - Associate Editor Shylock Muyengwa - Managing Editor Corinna Greene - Production Editor Emily Hauser- Book Review Editor Editorial Committee Maia Bass McKenzie Moon Ryan Mamadou Bodian Noah Mueller Jennifer Boylan Stuart Mueller Erin Bunting Kimberly N. Morris Ben Burgen Anna Mwaba Nicole C. D'Errico Moise C. Ngwa Dan Eizenga Collins R. Nunyonameh Timothy Fullman Greyson Nyamoga John Hames Levy Odera Merise Jalalal Winifred Pankani-Lindberg Nicholas Knowlton Sam Schramski Godwin Lema Noah I. Sims Iddy R. Magoti Donald Underwood Chesney McOmber Carrie Vath Alison M. Ketter Sheldon Wardwell Asmeret G. Mehari Joel O. Wao Jessica Morey Amanda Weibel Advisory Board Adélékè Adéèko Kristin Davis Ohio State University International Food Policy Research Timothy Ajani Institute Fayetteville State University Parakh Hoon Abubakar Alhassan Virginia Tech Bayero University Andrew Lepp John W. Arthur Kent State University University of South Florida, St. Richard Marcus Petersburg California State University, Long Beach Nanette Barkey Kelli Moore Plan International USA James Madison University Susan Cooksey James T. Murphy University of Florida Clark University Mark Davidheiser Lilian Temu Osaki Nova Southeastern University University of Dar es Salaam African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 | Spring 2012 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Dianne White Oyler Mantoa Rose Smouse Fayetteville State University University of Capetown Alex Rödlach Roos Willems Creighton University Catholic University of Leuven Jan Shetler Peter VonDoepp Goshen College University of Vermont © University of Florida Board of Trustees, a public corporation of the State of Florida; permission is hereby granted for individuals to download articles for their own personal use. Published by the Center for African Studies, University of Florida. African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 | Spring 2012 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Table of Contents When Necessity Begets Ingenuity: E-Waste Scavenging as a Livelihood Strategy in Accra, Ghana Martin Oteng-Ababio (1-21) Africa to the World! Nkrumah-era Philatelic Images of Emerging Ghana and Pan-Africanism, 1957- 1966 Kenneth Wilburn (23-54) The Transformation of the US-Based Liberian Diaspora from Hard Power to Soft Power Agents Osman Antwi-Boateng (55-74) Sons of the Soil and Conquerors Who Came on Foot: The Historical Construction of a West African Border Region Olivier Walther (75-93) The Challenges of Transnational Human Trafficking in West Africa Charles Relwende Sawadogo (95-115) Review Article Gail M. Gerhart and Clive L. Glaser. From Protest to Challenge. Volume 6: A Documentary History of African Politics in South Africa, 1882-1990, Challenge and Victory 1980-1990. Bloomington: Indiana University, 2010. xxxiv, 778 pp. Sean Jacobs (116-121) Book Reviews Nwando Achebe. The Female King of Colonial Nigeria Ahebi Ugbabe. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010. xiii, 305 pp. Review by Anne Jebet Waliaula (122-123) Heike Behrend. Resurrecting Cannibals: The Catholic Church, Witch-Hunts, and the Production of Pagans in Western Uganda. Suffolk: James Currey, 2011. 214 pp. Review by Richardson Addai-Mununkum (123-125) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 | Spring 2012 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Elisabeth Bekers. Rising Anthills: African and African American Writing on Female Genital Excision 1960-2000. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2010. 262 pp. Review by Sabine Iva Franklin (125-129) Megan Biesele and Robert K. Hitchcock. The Ju/’hoan San of Nyae Nyae and Namibian Independence: Development, Democracy and Indigenous Voices in Southern Africa. New York: Berghahn Books, 2011. 269 pp. Review by Shylock Muyengwa (129-130) Graham Bradshaw and Michael Neill (eds.). J.M.Coetzee’s Austerities. Farnham, UK and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2010. 272 pp. Review by Mark Diachkov (131-132) Padraig Carmody. The New Scramble for Africa. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 2011. xi, 194 pp. Review by Emmanuel Botlhale (132-133) Stephen Chan. Southern Africa: Old Treacheries and New Deceits. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. 302 pp. Review by Elizabeth Williams (134-136) Alison Liebhafsky des Forges. Defeat is the Only Bad News: Rwanda under Musinga, 1896-1931. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2011. 306 pp. Review by Ilunga Tchoma Kitenge (136-138) Mamadou Diawara, Bernard Lategan, and Jörn Rüsen. Historical Memory in Africa: Dealing with the Past, Reaching for the Future in an Intercultural Context. New York: Beghahn Books, 2010. vi, 248 pp. Review by Jan Bender Shetler (138-139) Donald L. Donham. Violence in a Time of Liberation: Murder and Ethnicity at a South African Gold Mine, 1994. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011. xiv, 237 pp. Review by Shirley Mthethwa-Sommers (139-140) David. T. Doris. Vigilant Things: On Thieves, Yoruba Anti-Aesthetics, and the Strange Fates of Ordinary Objects in Nigeria. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2011. 420 pp. Review by Yomi Ukonowo (140-142) Toyin Falola and Saheed Aderinto. Nigeria, Nationalism, and Writing History. Rochester: Rochester University Press, 2010. xiii, 333 pp. Review by John Olushola Magbadelo (142-144) Timothy Derek Fernyhough. Serfs, Slaves and Shifta: Modes of Production in Pre-Revolutionary Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Shama Books, 2010. 344 pp. Review by Terje Østebø (144-145) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 | Spring 2012 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Jonathan Glassman. War of Words, War of Stones: Racial Thought and Violence in Colonial Zanzibar. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011. xii, 398 pp. Review by Katrina Demulling (146-147) Robert A. Hill and Edmond J. Keller (eds). Trustee for the Human Community: Ralph J. Bunche, the United Nations, and the Decolonization of Africa. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2010. 205 pp. Review by Myra Ann Houser (147-148) Douglas H. Johnson. The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars: Peace or Truce? Suffolk: James Currey, 2011. xix, 236 pp. Review by Sonny Lee (149-150) Michelle T. Kuenzi. Education and Democracy in Senegal. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. xiii, 190 pp. Review by Anne Jebet Waliaula (150-151) Janie L. Leatherma. Sexual Violence and Armed Conflict. Cambridge and Oxford, UK, and Boston: Polity Press, 2011. 242 pp. Review by Nafisatu Koroma (152-153) Simon Lewis. British and African Literature in Transnational Context. Gainesville: Florida University Press, 2011. 257 pp. Review by Adel Manai (153-154) JoAnn McGregor. Crossing the Zambezi: The Politics of Landscape on a Central African Frontier. Suffolk: James Currey, 2009. 237 pp. Review by Olga Sicilia (155-156) Elias Mpofu (ed.). Counseling People of African Ancestry. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011. xix, 332 pp. Review by Omar Ahmed and Grant J. Rich (156-159) Mara Naaman. Urban Space in Contemporary Egyptian Literature: Portraits of Cairo. New York: Palgrave McMillan, 2011. xxv, 227 pp. Review by Michael K. Walonen (159-160) Krijn Peters. War and the Crisis of Youth in Sierra Leone. London and Cambridge: International African Institute and Cambridge University Press, 2011. xvi, 274 pp. Review by Sverker Finnström (160-162) William Reno. Warfare in Independent Africa: New Approaches to African History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. 271 pp. Review by Nicholas D. Knowlton (162-163) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 | Spring 2012 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq Mahir Şaul and Ralph A. Austen (eds.). Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty-First Century: Art Films and the Nollywood Video Revolution. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2010. 237pp. Review by Lorien R. Hunter (163-165) Symphony Way Pave Dwellers. No Land! No House! No Vote! Voices from Symphony Way. Cape Town: Pambazuka Press, 2011. xvii, 141 pp. Review by Uchendu E. Chigbu (165-166) Aili Mari Tripp. Museveni’s Uganda: Paradoxes of Power in a Hybrid Regime. Boulder: LynneRienner Publishers, 2010. 222 pp. Review by Moses Kibe Kihiko (166-168) Peter VonDoepp. Judicial Politics in New Democracies: Cases from Southern Africa. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2009. vii, 185 pp. Review by Danielle Resnick (168-169) Elke Zuern. The Politics of Necessity: Community Organizing and Democracy in South Africa. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2011. xvii, 242pp. Review by Ròisìn Hinds (170-171) African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2 | Spring 2012 http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq African Studies Quarterly | Volume 13, Issues 1 & 2| Spring 2012 When Necessity Begets Ingenuity: E-Waste Scavenging as a Livelihood Strategy in Accra, Ghana. MARTIN OTENG-ABABIO Abstract: This paper describes how due to lack of formal job opportunities, e-waste scavenging has emerged as a major livelihood (survival) strategy for a rapidly growing urban population. It documents how the process has been fueled by neo-liberal economic policies adopted since 1983 that not only failed to create a “vibrant urban economy” but also exacerbated the unemployment and under-employment rates and created a general economic crisis. The study relied on both qualitative and quantitative data as well as discussions and interviews with stakeholders, affected, and interested persons to provide data for analysis. The paper explores the various aspects of their work: economic, financial,