A new native family and new endemic species for the flora of New Caledonia: Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. (Iridaceae, Patersonioideae), from the Mount Humboldt massif. Peter Goldbatt, John C. Manning, Jérôme Munzinger, Porter P Lowry Ii To cite this version: Peter Goldbatt, John C. Manning, Jérôme Munzinger, Porter P Lowry Ii. A new native family and new endemic species for the flora of New Caledonia: Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. (Iridaceae, Patersonioideae), from the Mount Humboldt massif.. Adansonia. Sér. 3, Museum Nationale d’Histoire Naturelle Paris, 2011, 33 (2), pp.201-208. 10.5252/a2011n2a4. halsde-00675892 HAL Id: halsde-00675892 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00675892 Submitted on 29 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Copyright A new native family and new endemic species for the flora of New Caledonia: Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. (Iridaceae, Patersonioideae), from the Mount Humboldt massif Author(s): Peter Goldblatt, John C. Manning, Jérôme Munzinger, Porter P. Lowry II Source: Adansonia, 33(2):201-208. 2011. Published By: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/a2011n2a4 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.5252/a2011n2a4 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. A new native family and new endemic species for the fl ora of New Caledonia: Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. (Iridaceae, Patersonioideae), from the Mount Humboldt massif Peter GOLDBLATT B. A. Krukoff Curator of African Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 (USA) [email protected] John C. MANNING Compton Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute, P. Bag X7, 7735 Claremont, Cape Town (South Africa) [email protected] Jérôme MUNZINGER IRD, UMR AMAP, Laboratoire de Botanique et d’Écologie végétale appliquée, Herbarium NOU, F-98848 Nouméa (Nouvelle-Calédonie) and IRD, UMR AMAP, F-34000 Montpellier (France) [email protected] Porter P. LOWRY II Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 (USA) [email protected] and Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution (UMR 7205), case postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Goldblatt P., Manning J. C., Munzinger J. & Lowry II P. P. 2011. — A new native family and new endemic species for the fl ora of New Caledonia: Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. (Iridaceae, Patersonioideae), from the Mount Humboldt massif. Adansonia, sér. 3, 33 (2): 201-208. DOI: 10.5252/a2011n2a4. RÉSUMÉ Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov., a new endemic species from New Caledonia of this predominantly Australian genus, is the fi rst record of Iridaceae as native from this southwestern Pacifi c island. Eighteen species of Patersonia occur in Australia, and one or several more (depending on taxonomy) occur in Malesia, including New Guinea, where they grow in temperate highland areas. Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. is distinguished by the fan of relatively broad, sword-shaped KEY WORDS Iridaceae, to subfalcate leaves with woolly margins, large, brown infl orescence spathes Patersonioideae, 35 mm long, particularly large white fl owers and woolly tomentose ovary, bract Patersonia, margins and septa of the capsules. Known from a single population subjected conservation status, maquis, to fi re and impacts from human visitors, P. neocaledonica sp. nov. is assigned a new species. preliminary threat assessment of Critically Endangered. ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2011 • 33 (2) © Publications Scientifi ques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.adansonia.com 201 Goldblatt P. et al. RÉSUMÉ Une nouvelle famille native et une nouvelle espèce endémique pour la fl ore de Nou- velle-Calédonie : Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. (Iridaceae, Patersonioideae), du massif du mont Humboldt. Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov., une nouvelle espèce endémique de Nouvelle- Calédonie de ce genre principalement australien, est le premier signalement d’Iridaceae indigène pour cette île du Pacifi que sud-ouest. Dix-huit espèces de Patersonia existent en Australie, et une ou plusieurs autres (selon la taxonomie) se trouvent en Malésie (Nouvelle-Guinée comprise), où elles poussent dans des régions montagneuses tempérées. Patersonia neocaledonica sp. nov. se distingue par son éventail de feuilles relativement larges, en forme d’épée à sub-falquées avec de larges marges laineuses, les grandes spathes marrons de son infl orescence qui mesurent 35 mm de long, ses fl eurs blanches et particulièrement grandes, et MOTS CLÉS Iridaceae, la présence d’un indument tomenteux laineux sur son ovaire, les marges de ses Patersonioideae, bractées et les cloisons de ses capsules. Connue d’une seule population soumise Patersonia, aux feux et aux impacts de visiteurs humains, nous proposons en évaluation statut de conservation, maquis, préliminaire de menace pour P. neocaledonica sp. nov. le statut En Danger Cri- espèce nouvelle. tique d’Extinction. INTRODUCTION 1986), as does the New Guinean P. novoguineensis Gibbs and a second, evidently undescribed species Until now no native species of Iridaceae Juss., a from Papua New Guinea (unpublished data). nearly worldwide family of over 2050 species, has Patersonia, the only genus of Iridaceae subfamily been reported from the southwestern Pacifi c island Patersonioideae Goldblatt, is one of fi ve genera of the of New Caledonia (Goldblatt 1990; Jaff ré et al. family known from the Australasian region, an early 2004), known for its exceptionally rich and highly center of diversifi cation for Iridaceae (Goldblatt et al. endemic vascular plant fl ora (Lowry et al. 2004). 2008). Patersonia is sister to the Afro-Madagascan Th e discovery of a robust species with the distinc- lineage that includes its immediate sister genus, Geo- tive features of the Austro-Malesian genus Patersonia siris Baill. (Geosiridoideae Goldblatt & Manning, 1 R.Br. is therefore surprising. Apparently restricted genus: 2 species), as well as Aristea Aiton (Aristeoideae to Mount Humboldt, second highest peak of the Vines, 1: c. 55), and the largely sub-Saharan African island, and known from just a single locality at subfamilies Nivenioideae Schultz ex Goldblatt (3: 1350 m elevation, this new species has white fl owers, 15) and Crocoideae Burnett (29: > 1075), the lat- unusual for the genus, but otherwise accords with ter also in Eurasia. Molecular clock estimates of the Patersonia in the unbranched and scape-like fl owering age of Patersonia indicate that it diverged from its stem terminating in a binate rhipidium of two to immediate sister lineage c. 55 mya (Goldblatt et al. several, sessile fl owers, an elongate-fusiform ovary, 2008). Th e presence of a species on New Caledonia a perianth consisting of a slender tube, three large is probably the result of more recent long-distance outer tepals, three reduced inner tepals, and broad dispersal, given that the fl ora of this botanically rich style lobes (Brown 1807; Cooke 1986; Goldblatt & island appears to have been largely or entirely derived Manning 2008). A tomentose ovary, conspicuous in from elements that arrived following the Eocene the New Caledonian plant, is also a common feature re-emergence of the land areas now comprising the of the genus; the majority of Australasian species largest island, Grande Terre (Paris 1981; Cluzel et al. have a villous, pubescent or tomentose ovary (Cooke 2001; Pelletier 2006; Schellart et al. 2006). 202 ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2011 • 33 (2) A new species of Patersonia (Iridaceae) from New Caledonia Species of Patersonia are evergreen except P. babi- marginibus laminis peracutis albo-tomentosis, infl orescentia anoides Benth., a deciduous geophyte; the remaining rhipidia binata, spathis siccis rubro-brunneis ± 35 mm longis, fl oribus actinomorphis fugaceis, perianthio albo, taxa are either undershrubs with perennial, leaf-bearing tubo 35-40 mm longo, tepalis unequalibus externis fl owering stems (P. glabrata R.Br., P. pygmaea Lindl. patentibus 25-30 × 18-20 mm late elliptico-ovatis, and P. spirafolia Keighery) or more often with an internis suberectis ± 7 × 4 mm, ovato-cucullatis, fi lamentis annual,