INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. University. Micixxilrns International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8311754 Hunsberger, Deborah Ann ASPECTS OF THE FANTASTIC AND THE MARVELOUS IN SELECTED TALES FROM LUDWIG TIECK’S "PHANTASUS", ERSTER THEIL The Ohio State University PH.D. 1983 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 Copyright 1983 by Hunsberger, Deborah Ann All Rights Reserved ASPECTS OF THE FANTASTIC AND THE MARVELOUS IN SELECTED TALES FROM LUDWIG TIECK'S PHANTASUS, ERSTER THEIL DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Deborah A. Hunsberger, B.A., M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 1983 Reading Committee: Approved By Professor Hugo Bekker Professor Donald Riechel Professor Gisela Vitt "jAdviser /Department of German My Parents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my parents, who helped in innumerable ways; my friend and former colleague at Ohio State, Barbara Murtagh, for her insights, inspiration and encouragement; my teachers at Oberlin College, Professors John W. Kurtz, Marjorie Hoover, Marie T. Lehn, and Emmy Miller; my teachers at the University of Nebraska, Professors Donald Allison, Paul Schach, and Eve Liiders; my friend and former colleague at Ohio University, Professor Carl Carrier, for his steadfast support; my students and fellow faculty members at Bethel College in Kansas for their extraordinary patience; and my teachers at Ohio State University, especially Professors Johanna Belkin, Wolfgang Fleischhauer, Wolfgang Wittkowski and Heimtraut Taylor. Special thanks go to Chairman David Benseler for his confidence and support, and to Professor Donald Riechel for his careful reading of the manuscript and valuable insights. I am very much indebted to my teacher and dissertation adviser, Professor Gisela Vitt, for her faith in me, her steady guidance, endless patience and good humor, thorough and perceptive criticism, and inspiration. VITA March 15, 1939 ......... Born - Wadsworth, Ohio 1 9 6 1 .................. B. A. Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio 1965-1967.............. Teaching Assistant, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 1967 .................. M. A. University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 1967-1971.............. Instructor of German, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 1972-1975.............. Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1975-1979................ Assistant Professor of German, Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas 1980-1981.............. Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1981 .................. Assistant Professor of German, Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: German Studies in Literature. Professors Hugo Bekker, Johanna Belkin, Charles W. Hoffmann, Henry J. Schmidt, Gisela Vitt, and Wolfgang Wittkowski, Studies in Language and Philology. Professor Wolfgang Fleischhauer TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION............................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......................................... iii V I T A ................................................... iv INTRODUCTION .......................................... 1 Chapter I. Part Is A DISCUSSION OF SELECTED THEORIES OF THE FANTASTIC....................... 10 Part 2: TIECK'S THEORIES CONCERNING THE FANTASTIC AND THE MARVELOUS . _____ 50 II. Part 1: TIECK'S LIEBESZAUBER: A STUDY OF THE FANTASTIC....................... 78 Part 2: TIECK'S LIEBESZAUBER: A STUDY OF THE FANTASTIC T H E M E ................. 138 III. TIECK'S LIEBESGESCHICHTE DER SCHONEN MAGELONE UND DES GRAFEN PETER VON PROVENCE: A STUDY ' OF THE MARVELOUS............................ 157 IV. ELEMENTS OF THE FANTASTIC IN DER BLONDE ECKBERT .................................... 193 CONCLUSION............................................. 212 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................... 219 v INTRODUCTION Until relatively recently German scholars paid little heed to a large body of critical literature extant in France devoted to the study of the fantastic as a literary genre. The works of noted scholars such as Vax, Jacquemin, Castex and Caillois have yet to be translated into German.^ German Tieck scholars of this century have had a tendency to use the terms wunderbar and phantastisch rather indiscriminately, often as synonyms, or as yet another term for the supernatural. Ralf Stamm, for instance, in his recent study Ludwig Tiecks spate Novellent Grundlage und Technik des Wunderbaren does not make a clear distinction: "Das Phantastische als engerer Begriff ist dem weiteren Begriff des Wunderbaren zu subsumieren: alles Phan­ tastische ist wunderbar, aber nicht alles Wunderbare ist auch 2 phantastisch. ." The French, on the other hand, have long made a distinction between the fantastic and the marvelous. The following definition, cited by Thomsen and Fischer in Phantastik in Literatur und Kunst, comes from a French encyclopedia published between 1886 and 1902: . .genre litteraire ou la verite se m£le a la fiction, le detail de la vie ordinaire aux imaginations les plus surnaturelles. Le fantastique est une forme du merveilleux que l'on a cherche a renouveler dans la lit- terature en lui donnant des bases psychologiques. 1 2 The German translation of Tzvetan Todorov's Introduction at la litterature fantastique published in 1970, appeared in 1972 and has subsequently inspired increased interest in the fantastic among Ger- man scholars. Evidence of this is a book which appeared in 1980 entitled Phantastik in Literatur und Kunst, whose editors and contrib­ utors introduce their audience to French concepts of the fantastic and hope to encourage further study of the fantastic in Germany. French scholars such as Albert Beguin, Robert Minder and Gonthier-Louis Fink have long admired the work of Ludwig Tieck and have made valuable contributions towards the understanding of his tales. Also, as far back as 1949, the American scholar Clark Gallaher, in an essay entitled The Predecessors of Bequer in the Fantastic Tale gave credit to Tieck for having invented the fantastic tale in Germany, and he observed what it was about his tales that characterized them as fantastic: The great contribution by the Germans to the genre was the tales of Tieck and Hoffmann. Tieck had early shown that indecision between a dream world and reality which was to characterize the best of the fantastic tales; but Tieck, although the originator of the short story (if that may be said of any one person) was less known abroad than^was Hoffmann, who was greatly indebted to him. The indecision to which Gallaher alludes is surprisingly similar to Todorov's recent definition of the fantastic: The fantastic requires the fulfillment of three conditions. First, the text must oblige the reader to consider the world of the characters as a world 3 of living persons and to hesitate between a natural and a supernatural explanation of the events de­ scribed. A definition of this sort is not without its perils. Eric Rabkin, in his book The Fantastic in Literature (1976) has defined the fantastic somewhat differently, as "the quality of astonishment that we feel when the ground rules of a narrative world are suddenly made to turn around 180 degrees."*’ It is my impression that Rabkin's "quality of astonishment" would be difficult to evaluate. Todorov’s definition however provides a concept which is useful in analyzing certain works of Ludwig Tieck. The hesitation described above occurs often in his tales, in passages which delineate the transition between the natural and the supernatural,