e-Mars From primitive Martian crust to Hesparian sulfate-rich sediments in Coprates Chasma, Valles Marineris C. Quantin-Nataf, B. Bultel, J. Carter, J. Flahaut, A. Ody, D. Loizeau, L. Lozac'h, P. Thollot, M. Andreani NOTE ADDED BY JPL WEBMASTER: This content has not been approved or adopted by, NASA, JPL, or the California Institute of Technology. This document is being made available for information purposes only, and any views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of NASA, JPL, or the California Institute of Technology. M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop S 1) Why Coprates Chasma is a key location ? 2) Regions of interest inside and around the landing ellipse 3) Quick survey of the Engineering contrains of the landing site M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Coprates Rise M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop N Basaltic volcanic Martian initial layers partly crust altered altered 25 m Quantin et al., 2012 M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Viviano-Beck and Murchie, 2014 Evidence for hydrothermally altered stratigraphy : Saponite, Chlorite, Zeolite… Quantin et al., 2012; Flahaut et al., 2012, Murchie et al., 2009 , Viviano-Beck and Murchie, 2014 M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Central mound Main Scientific objectives : Land on the canyon floor deposits and go to sample the horst. Possible route Canyon floor deposits M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop A Thickness DTM (HRSC) B -4 920 -4 940 Floor deposits -4 960 -4 980 ~100 m -5 000 -5 020 -5 040 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 B Light toned units exposed on the flanks of the floor deposit A Flat surface,highly impacted and streamlined 500 m e-Mars M2020 Second linesLanding Site Workshop Top of the floor deposits : streamlined, impacted surface 100 m M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Top of the floor deposits Divergent Finger-like terminations M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Top of the floor deposits Divergent Finger-like Landslide-Dam Steamlined floor Enclosed depression terminations M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Stratigraphy of the floor deposits : fresh light toned outcrops (100 m) base top 100 m M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Stratigraphy of the floor deposits : fresh massive light toned outcrops (100 m) top base 100 m M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Central mound Central mound morphologies : basal part Past alluvial fans ? 200 m M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Central mound morphologies : basal part Horst Multiples events 200 m M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Summary of Region of interest Central Mound (martian crust) M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 1 : Exposures of Valles Marineris floor deposits M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 2 : Outcrops of light-toned upper layer of floor deposits Central Mound (martian crust) M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 3 : Light toned material outcrops M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 4 : Fresh impact crater M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 5 : Light toned material within shallow depressions M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 6 : possible alluvial fans M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Point 7 : Deep crustal material outcrops M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop In the neighbourhood : RSL ! 30 km apart -2000 m But About 4000m down! -5000 m -1000 m With the Courtesy of Matt Chojnacki and Alfred McEwen See Chojnacki et al., LPSC 2015 M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop Engineering contrains : high thermal intertia units+ flat floor M2020 e-Mars Second Landing Site Workshop M2020 e-Mars Coprates Chasma landing site S Why Coprates Chasma ? N RSL O A -Primitive Martian crust C H I - Hydrothermal alteration of the martian crust (life emergence ?) A N -Tectonics (VM opening) H Sulfates rich E deposits S P -Sulfates rich floor deposit recently exhumed (conservation) E R I A -Water -related morphologies (canyon floor+ alluvial fans) N Martian Crust in his pristine context C -Active RSL (not too close but in a key place) u r r e n t.