First Nations Languages in British Columbia – Revised June 2019 Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 Anishnaabemowin Saulteau 7 1 Saulteau First Nations ALGONQUIAN 1. Anishinaabemowin Ojibway ~ Ojibwe Saulteau Plains Ojibway Blueberry River First Nations Fort Nelson First Nation 2. Nēhiyawēwin ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ Saulteau First Nations ALGONQUIAN Cree Nēhiyawēwin (Plains Cree) 1 West Moberly First Nations Plains Cree Many urban areas, especially Vancouver Cheslatta Carrier Nation Nak’albun-Dzinghubun/ Lheidli-T’enneh First Nation Stuart-Trembleur Lake Lhoosk’uz Dene Nation Lhtako Dene Nation (Tl’azt’en, Yekooche, Nadleh Whut’en First Nation Nak’azdli) Nak’azdli Whut’en ATHABASKAN- ᑕᗸᒡ NaZko First Nation Saik’uz First Nation Carrier 12 EYAK-TLINGIT or 3. Dakelh Fraser-Nechakoh Stellat’en First Nation 8 Taculli ~ Takulie NA-DENE (Cheslatta, Sdelakoh, Nadleh, Takla Lake First Nation Saik’uZ, Lheidli) Tl’azt’en Nation Ts’il KaZ Koh First Nation Ulkatcho First Nation Blackwater (Lhk’acho, Yekooche First Nation Lhoosk’uz, Ndazko, Lhtakoh) Urban areas, especially Prince George and Quesnel 1 Please see the appendix for definitions of family, language and dialect. 2 The “Language Names” are those used on First Peoples' Language Map of British Columbia (http://fp-maps.ca) and were compiled in consultation with First Nations communities. 3 The “Other Names” are names by which the language is known, today or in the past. Some of these names may no longer be in use and may not be considered acceptable by communities but it is useful to include them in order to assist with the location of language resources which may have used these alternate names. 4 Only dialects spoken in B.C. are included here. These are estimates based on our current knowledge. There may be variation in the spelling of dialect names and in the number of dialects for each language. We encourage people who share dialects of the same language to collaborate on language reclamation, revitaliZation and maintenance. 5 This refers to the estimated number of dialects. 6 This lists the main communities where a language is spoken but all languages may be spoken in other towns and cities across the province. 7 The Algonquian family is part of the larger Algic language family. 8 The Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit or Na-Dene family is part of the larger Dené-Yeniseian language family. Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 Blueberry River Blueberry River First Nations ATHABASKAN- ᑕᓀ ᖚ Doig River Doig River First Nation Halfway River First Nation EYAK-TLINGIT or 4. Dane-Zaa Dane-Zaa Záágéʔ Halfway River 5 Beaver Prophet River First Nation NA-DENE Dunne-Za Prophet River Saulteau First Nations West Moberly Lake West Moberly First Nations ATHABASKAN- Daylu Dena Council Kaska Lower Post EYAK-TLINGIT or 5. DaneZāgé’ 2 Dease River First Nation Kaska Dena Moose Lake NA-DENE Liard First Nation Dene K’eh ATHABASKAN- Slavey Dene ~ Dené 1 Fort Nelson First Nation EYAK-TLINGIT or 6. Dene K’e Dené Tha’ ~ Dháh South Slavey NA-DENE Dene Zhatıé Acha'otinne Cheslatta Carrier Nation Babine ~ Lake Babine Hagwilget Village Council Nadot’en Lake Babine Nation ATHABASKAN- Nat’oot’en Nedut’en Nee-Tahi-Buhn Indian Band EYAK-TLINGIT or 7. Nedut’en / Witsuwit’en Wet'suwet'en 2 Skin Tyee Nation Witsuwit'en NA-DENE Babine-Witsuwit'en Takla Lake First Nation Bulkley Valley/Lakes Tsil Kaz Koh (Burns Lake) District Language Wet’suwet’en Nation Witset First Nation ATHABASKAN- Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Tutchone 1 EYAK-TLINGIT or 8. Southern Tutchone Southern Tutchone (CAFN) NA-DENE ATHABASKAN- Tahltan Iskut Iskut Nation EYAK-TLINGIT or 9. Tāłtān Didene k’eh 2 Tahltan Nation Telegraph Creek/Dease Lake NA-DENE Nahanni The village of Dease Lake Tsek’ene ATHABASKAN- Kwadacha Kwadacha Nation Tsek’ehne 3 McLeod Lake Indian Band EYAK-TLINGIT or 10. Tse’khene Sekani McLeod Lake Tsay Keh Dene Nation NA-DENE Sékanais Tsay Keh Dene First Peoples’ Cultural Council – First Nations Languages in British Columbia – Revised June 2019 – Page 2 of 11 Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 ʔEsdilagh Tl’esqox Tl’etinqox ATHABASKAN- Chilcotin Tsi Deldel Tsilhqut’in 1 EYAK-TLINGIT or 11. Tsilhqot’in Tsilhqot’in Ulkatcho First Nation Tzilkotin NA-DENE Xeni Gwet’in Yunesit’in Urban areas, especially Williams Lake ATHABASKAN- Łingít EYAK-TLINGIT or 12. Lingít Tlingit Inland Tlingit ~ Inland Lingít 1 Taku River Tlingit First Nation NA-DENE Inland Tlingit yaqan nuʔkiy (Lower Kootenay Band) ʔakinkumǂasnuqǂiʔitt (Tobacco Plains Indian Band) Kootenay Upper Ktunaxa 2 ʔakisq̓nuk (Akisqnuk First Nation) KTUNAXA 13. Ktunaxa Kootenai Lower Ktunaxa ʔaq̓am (St. Mary’s Indian Band) Urban areas, especially Cranbrook and Nelson Homalco First Nation Island Comox Klahoose First Nation Mainland Comox Qʼómoxʷṣ K’omoks First Nation SALISHAN 14. Éy7á7juuthem 2 Sliammon Éy7á7juuthem ~ ʔayʔaǰúθəm Sliammon First Nation Comox-Sliammon Urban areas, especially Courtenay and Powell River First Peoples’ Cultural Council – First Nations Languages in British Columbia – Revised June 2019 – Page 3 of 11 Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 AitchelitZ Band BOḰEĆEN (Pauquachin) Chawathil First Nation Cheam First Nation Chehalis Indian Band Cowichan Tribes Halalt First Nation KatZie First Nation Kwantlen First Nation Kwaw-kwaw-aplit First Nation Kwikwetlem First Nation Lake Cowichan First Nation Leq’a:mel First Nation Lyackson First Nation MÁLEXEȽ (Malahat First Nation) Matsqui First Nation Penelakut Tribe Peters Band Popkum First Nation Hul’q’umi’num’ Qayqayt First Nation (Island) Qualicum First Nation Halq'eméylem Hul’q’umi’num’ 15. Hul’q’umi’num’ / Scia’new (Beecher Bay) (Upriver) ~ Halq'eméylem 3 Scowlitz First Nation SALISHAN Halq’eméylem / Halkomelem hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓ Seabird Island Band hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓ hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓ Shxwhá:y Village (Downriver) Shxw’owhamel First Nation Skawahlook First Nation Skowkale First Nation Skwah First Nation Snaw-naw-as First Nation Snuneymuxw First Nation Soowahlie Indian Band Squiala First Nation StZ’uminus First Nation Sumas First Nation Tsawwassen First Nation Tsleil-Waututh Nation Tzeachten First Nation Union Bar Band xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam) Yakweakwioose Band Yale First Nation First Peoples’ Cultural Council – First Nations Languages in British Columbia – Revised June 2019 – Page 4 of 11 Urban areas, including the Metro Vancouver area, Chilliwack, Abbotsford and Nanaimo Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 Ashcroft Indian Band Boothroyd Band Boston Bar First Nation Coldwater Indian Band Cook’s Ferry Indian Band Kanaka Bar Indian Band Lower Nicola Indian Band Thompson Lytton Lytton First Nation Nlaka’pamux 4 SALISHAN 16. Nłeʔkepmxcín Merritt Nicomen Indian Band Nlha7kápmx Nicola Valley Nooaitch Indian Band Spuzzum Oregon Jack Creek Band Shackan Indian Band Siska Indian Band Skuppah Indian Band Spuzzum First Nation Urban areas, especially Merritt Lower Similkameen Indian Band Okanagan Indian Band Osoyoos Indian Band Northern Penticton Indian Band SALISHAN 17. Nsyilxcən Okanagan Sinixt (Lakes) 3 Upper Nicola Band Upper Nicola Upper Similkameen Indian Band Westbank First Nation Urban areas, especially Vernon, Kelowna, Penticton and Osoyoos Bella Coola 1 Nuxalk First Nation SALISHAN 18. Nuxalk Nass Nuxalk First Peoples’ Cultural Council – First Nations Languages in British Columbia – Revised June 2019 – Page 5 of 11 Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 Esk’etemc First Nation Kenpésq’t (Shuswap Indian Band) Llenllenéy’ten (High Bar First Nation) Pelltíq’t (Whispering Pines / Clinton) Sexqeltqín (Adams Lake Indian Band) Simpcw First Nation Sk’atsin (Neskonlith Indian Band) Eastern Skeetchestn First Nation Shuswap Skwlax (Little Shuswap Lake) 3 SALISHAN 19. Secwepemctsín Secwepemc Western Splatsin First Nation Northern St’uxwtéws (Bonaparte Indian Band) Stswécem’c (Canoe Creek Band) T’éxel’c (Williams Lake Indian Band) Tk’emlúps (Kamloops Indian Band) Tsq’éscen (Canim Lake Band) Xats'ull First Nations (Soda Creek) Urban areas, especially Kamloops and Salmon Arm SALISHAN BOḰEĆEN (Pauquachin) MÁLEXEȽ (Malahat) Scia’new (Beecher Bay) SENĆOŦEN SEMYOME (Semiahmoo) 20. SENĆOŦEN / Malchosen Songhees Nation Northern Straits 5 SȾÁUTW̱ (Tsaout) Malchosen / Lekwungen / Salish Lekwungen Semiahmoo / T’Sou-ke Semiahmoo SXIMEȽEȽ (Esquimalt) T’Sou-ke Nation T’Sou-ke W̱ JOȽEȽP (Tsartlip) W̱ SIḴEM (Tseycum) Urban areas, especially Victoria Sechelt shíshálh Nation SALISHAN 1 21. She shashishalhem sháshishálem She shashishalhem The town of Sechelt SALISHAN Squamish Nation 22. Sḵwxwú7mesh Urban areas, especially in Squamish, Squamish Sḵwxwú7mesh sníchim 1 sníchim North Vancouver and West Vancouver First Peoples’ Cultural Council – First Nations Languages in British Columbia – Revised June 2019 – Page 6 of 11 Family1 Language Name2 Other Names3 Dialects4 #5 Communities Where Spoken6 Líl’wat Nation Ucwalmícwts N’Quatqua First Nations Stá̓ timc̓ Samahquam Nation Lillooet Sekw’el’was (Cayoose Creek Band) Statimc Stá̓ timcets̓ (Upper; Fountain) Skatin Nations SALISHAN 23. Stá̓ timcets̓ Stl’atl’imx Ucwalmícwts (Lower; Mount 2 T’it’q’et Stl’atl’imc Currie) Ts’kw’aylaxw First Nation Sƛ’aƛ’imxǝc Tsal’alh (Seton Lake Band) Stlatliumh Xa’xtsa (Douglas First Nation) Slatlemuk Xaxli’p Xwísten (Bridge River Indian Band) Anspayaxw Gitanmaax Gitsanimx ̱ Gitanyow Gitksan Gaanimx (Eastern) Gitsegukla TSIMSHIANIC 24. Gitsenimx ̱ 2 Gitxsan Geets’imx (Western) Gitwangak