Moravsko-Uherská Hranice Ve Středověku. Vojenský Impakt Na Krajinu a Sídla. Bakalářská Diplomová Práce

Moravsko-Uherská Hranice Ve Středověku. Vojenský Impakt Na Krajinu a Sídla. Bakalářská Diplomová Práce

Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav Archeologie a Muzeologie Archeologie Michal Mudrik Moravsko-uherská hranice ve středověku. Vojenský impakt na krajinu a sídla. Bakalářská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Jana Mazáčková, Ph.D. Brno 2016 Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou diplomovou práci vypracoval samostatně s využitím všech uvedených pramenů a literatury …………………………………………… Podpis autora práce Poděkování Chtěl bych poděkovat vedoucí této práce Mgr. Janě Mazáčkové, Ph.D. za trpělivost, vymyšlení zajímavého tématu a vedení. Dále děkuji Mgr. Petru Dreslerovi, Ph.D. za pomoc s programem ArcGIS. Také musím poděkovat všem, kteří mě podporovali, vozili mě na terénní prospekce, či mě jinak byli nápomocni. Obsah ÚVOD .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1 OBECNĚ O VOJENSTVÍ A STRATEGII ............................................................................................. 2 1.1 ZÁKLADNÍ DEFINICE A VYMEZENÍ POLE PŮSOBNOSTI STRATEGIE ............................................................... 2 1.2 PŘÍRODNÍ A ANTROPOGENNÍ PODMÍNKY OVLIVŇUJÍCÍ VOJENSTVÍ STŘEDOVĚKU ........................................... 4 1.2.1 Hory, lesy, močály ................................................................................................................ 4 1.2.2 Cesty, silnice, stezky a jejich ochrana ................................................................................... 7 1.2.3 Voda, řeky, jezera, brody a mosty ...................................................................................... 13 1.2.4 Doba, v níž se králové snaží táhnout do války a čas ........................................................... 15 1.3 O VOJENSKÉ STRATEGII, ORGANIZACI KRAJINY A VOJSKA VE STŘEDOVĚKU ................................................. 16 1.3.1 Zemská hranice a její obrana ............................................................................................. 18 1.3.2 České království .................................................................................................................. 21 1.3.3 Uherské království .............................................................................................................. 26 2 VÝVOJ MORAVSKO-UHERSKÉ HRANICE ..................................................................................... 29 2.1 POSUNY HRANICE ........................................................................................................................ 32 2.2 JEDNÁNÍ NA LUCKÉM POLI A JINDE .................................................................................................. 33 2.3 CONFINIUM/PROVINCIE VÁH/LUCKO .............................................................................................. 33 2.4 KOLONIZACE ............................................................................................................................... 36 2.4.1 Skalicko .............................................................................................................................. 36 2.4.2 Uherskohradišťsko ............................................................................................................. 36 2.4.3 Královna Konstancie........................................................................................................... 37 2.4.4 Bratři z rodu Tvrdiše ........................................................................................................... 37 2.4.5 Hrabišici: Bohuslav, Boreš a Slávek z Oseku neboli z Rýzmburka ....................................... 37 2.4.6 Smil ze Střílek a Brumova ................................................................................................... 38 2.4.7 Vítkovci neboli Páni z Hradce ............................................................................................. 38 2.4.8 Olomoucký biskup Bruno ze Schauenburka ....................................................................... 38 3 METODOLOGIE .......................................................................................................................... 39 4 MĚSTA A TRHOVÉ VESNICE ........................................................................................................ 42 4.1.1 Břeclav (viz kapitola 5.1.3) ................................................................................................. 42 4.1.2 Hodonín (viz kapitola 5.1.5) ............................................................................................... 42 4.1.3 Kunovice ............................................................................................................................. 42 4.1.4 Strážnice (viz kapitola 5.1.6) .............................................................................................. 43 4.1.5 Uherský Brod (viz kapitola 5.1.7) ....................................................................................... 43 4.1.6 Uherské Hradiště ................................................................................................................ 43 4.1.7 Uherský Ostroh (viz kapitola 5.1.8) .................................................................................... 44 4.1.8 Veligrad .............................................................................................................................. 44 4.1.9 Veselí nad Moravou (viz kapitola 5.1.9) ............................................................................ 45 4.1.10 Beckov (viz kapitola 5.2.2) ............................................................................................... 45 4.1.11 Čachtice (viz kapitola 5.2.4) ............................................................................................. 45 4.1.12 Holíč (viz kapitola 5.2.6) ................................................................................................... 45 4.1.13 Nové Město nad Váhem ................................................................................................... 45 4.1.14 Senice ............................................................................................................................... 46 4.1.15 Skalica .............................................................................................................................. 46 4.1.16 Šaštín (viz kapitola 5.2.13) ............................................................................................... 46 4.1.17 Trnava .............................................................................................................................. 46 5 HRADY ....................................................................................................................................... 47 5.1 MORAVA ................................................................................................................................... 49 5.1.1 Bánov ................................................................................................................................. 49 5.1.2 Brumov ............................................................................................................................... 50 5.1.3 Břeclav ............................................................................................................................... 51 5.1.4 Bzenec ................................................................................................................................ 51 5.1.5 Hodonín .............................................................................................................................. 52 5.1.6 Strážnice ............................................................................................................................. 52 5.1.7 Uherský Brod ...................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.8 Uherský Ostroh .................................................................................................................. 54 5.1.9 Veselí nad Moravou ........................................................................................................... 55 5.1.10 Zuvačov (Komňa) ............................................................................................................. 56 5.2 SLOVENSKO ................................................................................................................................ 57 5.2.1 Bana ................................................................................................................................... 57 5.2.2 Beckov ................................................................................................................................ 57 5.2.3 Branč .................................................................................................................................. 58 5.2.4 Čachtice .............................................................................................................................. 59 5.2.5 Dobrá Voda/Dobrý Kámen ................................................................................................. 60 5.2.6 Holíč ................................................................................................................................... 60 5.2.7 Korlátka (Cerová, Korlátsky hrad) ...................................................................................... 62 5.2.8 Košeca ...............................................................................................................................

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