GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) REVISION OF THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF KEYAL KHWAR HYDROPOWER PROJECT VOLUME 3 REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT August 2007 Prepared by Lahmeyer International GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany National Development Consultants, Lahore, Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, Pakistan Lahmeyer International, Germany Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, Germany National Development Consultants, Pakistan LIST OF VOLUMES VOLUME 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND MAIN REPORT VOLUME 2 ALBUM OF DRAWINGS VOLUME 3 REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT VOLUME 4 REPORT ON OBJECTIVES OF WORLD COMMISSION ON DAMS VOLUME 5 REPORT ON HYDROLOGY VOLUME 6 REPORT ON GEOLOGY VOLUME 7 REPORT ON TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING Keyal Khwar Hydropower Project Phase II - Feasibility Study Report on Topographic Mapping Water and Power Development Authority, Pakistan Lahmeyer International, Germany Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, Germany National Development Consultants, Pakistan TABLE OF CONTENT 1 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY ..............................10 1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................10 1.2 Overview of the Project Area ......................................................................................................10 1.3 Conceptual Design of the Project................................................................................................11 1.4 Legal framework and institutional set-up ....................................................................................11 1.5 Diagnosis of the Environment .....................................................................................................12 1.5.1 Traditional self-subsidence economy and poverty .................................................................................12 1.5.2 Downstream water demands..................................................................................................................12 1.5.3 Natural plants .........................................................................................................................................12 1.5.4 Wildlife....................................................................................................................................................13 1.5.5 Natural fish stocks..................................................................................................................................13 1.6 Impacts Assessment ...................................................................................................................14 1.6.1 Impacts caused by construction .............................................................................................................14 1.6.2 Impacts caused by operation .................................................................................................................14 1.7 Mitigation measures ....................................................................................................................14 1.7.1 Mitigation measures during construction ................................................................................................14 1.7.2 Mitigation measures during operation ....................................................................................................14 1.8 Compensation measures ............................................................................................................15 1.9 Outlines of RAP and EMP...........................................................................................................15 1.10 Alternatives..................................................................................................................................15 1.11 Benefits Associated with the Project...........................................................................................16 1.12 Environmental Monitoring Programme .......................................................................................16 1.13 Environmental Cost Estimate......................................................................................................16 2 CONDITIONS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY ...................................................17 3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS ....................................19 3.1 Environmental legislation in Pakistan .........................................................................................19 3.1.1 IEE and EIA............................................................................................................................................19 3.1.2 Delegation of power from Federal EPA to EPA of Province ...................................................................19 3.1.3 Pakistan Environmental Assessment Procedures..................................................................................19 3.2 Legally relevant subjects of environmental approvals ................................................................20 3.2.1 Categorisation of projects.......................................................................................................................20 3.2.2 Information of the Federal Agency about a project.................................................................................21 3.2.3 Submission of IEE and EIA Study ..........................................................................................................21 3.2.4 Review of a project by the Federal Agency ............................................................................................22 3.2.5 Approval of a project by the Federal Agency..........................................................................................22 3.2.6 Legislation on RAP Resettlement Action Plan........................................................................................22 3.2.7 Legislation on EMP Environmental Management Plan...........................................................................23 3.2.8 Public participation .................................................................................................................................23 3.3 Institutional requirements ............................................................................................................24 3.3.1 Approving Authority Environmental Protection Agency EPA ..................................................................24 3.3.2 Stakeholder analysis ..............................................................................................................................24 4 PROJECT AREA OF KEYAL KHWAR CATCHMENT.......................................................26 Keyal Khwar Hydropower Project Phase II - Feasibility Study Page 1 of 124 Report on Environmental Impact Assessment Water and Power Development Authority, Pakistan Lahmeyer International, Germany Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, Germany National Development Consultants, Pakistan 5 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN .....................................................................................................29 5.1 Overall Design.............................................................................................................................29 5.2 Environmentally relevant design and operation features............................................................30 5.2.1 Locations of dam, reservoir and intake...................................................................................................30 5.2.2 Construction facilities of dam .................................................................................................................30 5.2.3 Quarries .................................................................................................................................................31 5.2.4 Underground water headrace tunnel and windows ................................................................................31 5.2.5 Road.......................................................................................................................................................31 5.2.6 Operation ...............................................................................................................................................31 5.2.7 Sediment flushing...................................................................................................................................32 5.2.8 Surge tank and power house .................................................................................................................32 6 BASELINE STUDY SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ................................................33 6.1 Socio-economic conditions in Kohistan District ..........................................................................33 6.2 Population ...................................................................................................................................35 6.2.1 Population in Keyal Union Council area .................................................................................................35 6.2.2 Population in the Project Area................................................................................................................36 6.2.3 Tribal Structure.......................................................................................................................................37 6.3