Transbase® SQL Reference Manual Transbase SQL Reference Manual Version V8.1 Publication date 2019-08-08 Copyright © 2018 Transaction Software GmbH ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................. xi 1. General Concepts ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Syntax Notation .............................................................................................. 1 1.2. Separators ...................................................................................................... 1 1.3. Keywords ...................................................................................................... 1 1.4. Identifiers ...................................................................................................... 1 1.4.1. User Schemas ...................................................................................... 2 1.4.2. Names and Identifiers ............................................................................ 3 1.5. Data Types .................................................................................................... 4 1.5.1. Type Compatibility ............................................................................... 7 1.5.2. Type Exceptions and Overflow ............................................................... 7 1.5.3. CASTing Types from and to CHAR ........................................................ 8 1.6. Literals ........................................................................................................ 10 1.6.1. Directory/File Literal ........................................................................... 10 1.6.2. IntegerLiteral ...................................................................................... 11 1.6.3. NumericLiteral ................................................................................... 11 1.6.4. RealLiteral ......................................................................................... 12 1.6.5. StringLiteral ....................................................................................... 12 1.6.6. BinaryLiteral ...................................................................................... 13 1.6.7. BitsLiteral .......................................................................................... 13 1.6.8. BoolLiteral ......................................................................................... 13 1.6.9. DATETIME Literal ............................................................................. 14 1.6.10. TIMESPAN Literal ............................................................................ 14 2. Data Definition Language .......................................................................................... 15 2.1. Dataspaces ................................................................................................... 15 2.1.1. CreateDataspaceStatement .................................................................... 15 2.1.2. AlterDataspaceStatement ...................................................................... 16 2.2. Users ........................................................................................................... 16 2.2.1. GrantUserclassStatement ...................................................................... 16 2.2.2. RevokeUserclassStatement .................................................................... 17 2.2.3. AlterPasswordStatement ....................................................................... 18 2.2.4. GrantPrivilegeStatement ....................................................................... 18 2.2.5. RevokePrivilegeStatement .................................................................... 19 2.3. Domains ...................................................................................................... 20 2.3.1. CreateDomainStatement ....................................................................... 20 2.3.2. AlterDomainStatement ......................................................................... 21 2.3.3. DropDomainStatement ......................................................................... 22 2.4. Sequences .................................................................................................... 22 2.4.1. CreateSequenceStatement ..................................................................... 22 2.4.2. DropSequenceStatement ....................................................................... 23 2.5. CreateTableStatement ..................................................................................... 23 2.5.1. Defaults ............................................................................................. 26 2.5.2. AUTO_INCREMENT Fields ................................................................ 26 2.5.3. TableConstraintDefinition FieldConstraintDefinition .................................. 27 2.5.4. PrimaryKey ........................................................................................ 28 2.5.5. CheckConstraint .................................................................................. 29 2.5.6. ForeignKey ........................................................................................ 30 2.6. AlterTableStatement ....................................................................................... 32 2.6.1. AlterTableConstraint ............................................................................ 32 2.6.2. AlterTableChangeField ......................................................................... 33 2.6.3. AlterTableRenameField ........................................................................ 33 2.6.4. AlterTableFields ................................................................................. 34 2.6.5. AlterTableRename ............................................................................... 34 2.6.6. AlterTableMove .................................................................................. 35 2.7. DropTableStatement ....................................................................................... 35 iii Transbase® SQL Reference Manual 2.8. CreateIndexStatement ..................................................................................... 35 2.8.1. StandardIndexStatement ....................................................................... 36 2.8.2. HyperCubeIndexStatement .................................................................... 37 2.8.3. FulltextIndexStatement ......................................................................... 38 2.8.4. BitmapIndexStatement ......................................................................... 39 2.9. DropIndexStatement ....................................................................................... 39 2.10. Triggers ..................................................................................................... 39 2.10.1. CreateTriggerStatement ...................................................................... 39 2.10.2. DropTriggerStatement ........................................................................ 41 2.11. Views ........................................................................................................ 41 2.11.1. CreateViewStatement ......................................................................... 41 2.11.2. DropViewStatement ........................................................................... 42 3. Data Manipulation Language ..................................................................................... 44 3.1. FieldReference .............................................................................................. 44 3.2. User ............................................................................................................ 44 3.3. Expression .................................................................................................... 45 3.4. Primary, CAST Operator ................................................................................ 45 3.5. SimplePrimary .............................................................................................. 46 3.5.1. SetFunction ........................................................................................ 47 3.5.2. WindowFunction ................................................................................. 48 3.5.3. StringFunction .................................................................................... 49 3.5.4. TocharFunction ................................................................................... 55 3.5.5. SignFunction ...................................................................................... 55 3.5.6. ResultcountExpression ......................................................................... 55 3.5.7. SequenceExpression ............................................................................ 56 3.5.8. ConditionalExpression ......................................................................... 56 3.5.9. TimeExpression .................................................................................. 59 3.5.10. SizeExpression .................................................................................