Book Revie-ws Christian Mission and Interreligious Dialogue. Edited by Paul Mojzes and Leonard Swid­ ler. Lewiston, N. Y.: Edwin Mellen Press, 1991. Pp. vi, 279. $59.95. In November 1988, Cardinal [ozef resent the best discussion of the issues Liberal Catholics do not wish to Tomko, Prefect of the Vatican's Con­ raised by Cardinal Tomko and the sub­ deny outright these notions, but they gregation for the Evangelization of sequent encyclical on mission by Pope have evidently moved to a more Peoples, delivered an address criticiz­ John Paul II, Redemptoris Missio, that "symbolic" interpretation of the sec­ ing liberal trends in the theology of re­ the present reviewer has read. ond article. Their conviction remains ligions and soteriological thinking that The failure to bring into relief the that the experience of the richness of was heard around the world. That 1988 unstated premises that lead the evan­ other religious traditions calls into se­ paper is reproduced in Christian Mis­ gelical Protestants and Catholics rious question the doctrines of the fi­ sion and Interreligious Dialogue, along largely to agree with the Cardinal, nality and universality of the Christ in with responses from ten Roman Cath­ while liberal Protestants and Catholics their traditional dress. olic and seven Protestant scholars, an largely disagree with him, is perhaps Though no one calls it that, what introduction and an afterword by the the only shortcoming of this book. is being debated here is the necessity , editors, and a reply to the responses The evangelicals and the Cardinal of a basic new construing of Christian by Cardinal Tomko. These papers rep- affirm the "realism" of the Scrip­ identity in the face of other religious tures and the basic dogmatic tradition, traditions. One senses that each side offering irenic but firm interpretations wants to remain in communion with of the second article of the creed (on the other, but a careful reading of these the Christ as redeemer), maintaining papers leads to the judgment that one William R. Burrows, Managing Editor of Orbis an ultimate eschatological dimension side can be seriously right only if the Books, spent five years in Papua New Guinea to the Christ and the goal of conversion other is seriously mistaken. andisat workona book on theconcept ofmission of non-Christians as intrinsic to mis­ -William R. Burrows and its postmodern conceptual problems. sion. Faith Born in the Struggle for Life. or current struggles, such as Zwinglio Dias's effort to conceive the meaning Edited by Dow Kirkpatrick. Grand Rapids, of a new Protestant denomination in Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., Brazil, and Lysaneas Maciel's political 1989. Pp. xv, 328. Paperback $14.95. struggle to relate faith to human rights. The Methodist background of the If you think you have a clear idea of de Santa Ana. Others are less well editor may account for several essays what Latin American theology of lib­ known outside Latin America. All have that wrestle with the theology of John eration is all about, think again! Dow something important to say. Wesley. At least three (Miguez, Etch­ Kirkpatrick spent ten years in that con­ The compilation's structure is egoyen, Arias) are quite positive to­ tinent trying to understand that the­ threefold: a variety of reflections on ward Wesley; others (Assmann, ology (better, those theologies) with a theologies and practices Latin America Barreto, Santa Ana) are quite critical. particular eagerness to communicate has inherited from the past; five essays There is analysis as well of Calvinism to First World readers what he found. on how the legacies from the past have and Lutheranism, even of current Chi­ He found not just theology, but pro­ been distorted enroute to Latin Amer­ lean Pentecostalism. All the writers are found spirituality that in this volume ica, or by Latin Americans themselves; engaged in a genuine effort to relate he strives to communicate through the and some analyses that look to the the theology they have inherited to the collected writings of twenty-four Latin present and future of Latin American historical realities of their continent. Americans. Some names are very fa­ theology and praxis. In his brief introduction the editor miliar in the ecumenical world: Jose Each of the essays stands on its asks: "Is Latin American Protestant Miguez Bonino, Leonardo Boff, Julio own feet. It is left to the reader to draw Theology relevant for us?" He ob­ whatever relationships may exist among viously thinks it is. I think so too, but the essays. It is not easy to fathom these each reader will have to sort out from relationships, but it is fascinating to a quite diverse gathering of materials Eugene L. Stockwell was Director of the World enter into the thought world of the var­ what may mean most to him or her. It Council of Churches' Commission on World ious authors. There are gems such as is worth the effort! Mission and Evangelism until his retirement in Milton Schwantes's essay on "Ha­ -Eugene L. Stockwell July, 1989. He grew up in Argentina, was a gar and Sarah," and Elsa Tamez's missionary in Uruguay, andstill retains a lively "The Power of Nudity." There are interest in LatinAmerican issues andtheologies. articles written in the crucible of recent JULY 1991 129 Paths of Duty: American hopes quickly faded, however, as they Missionary Wives in Nineteenth­ confronted the obstacles that stood in Century Hawaii. their way. Childbearing and childrear­ ing severely limited their outreach. Even By Patricia Grimshaw. Honolulu : Univ. of when they did survive childbirth in Hawaii Press, 1989. Pp. xxiii, 246. $25.00. good health, women were tied down by child care, not wanting their chil­ Paths of Duty is a gripping portrayal of in the nineteenth century was not high. dren in the company of Hawaiian chil­ the hardships encountered by pioneer Indeed, the American Board initially dren or nursemaids for fear they would missionary women in Hawaii. Patricia viewed them as little more than sex adopt their loose moral code. Families Grimshaw, Professor of Women's objects-to be married to missionary often lived alone on their remote mis­ Studies and American History at the candidates in order to insure sexual sion outposts, and depression was an ­ University of Melbourne, seeks to pen­ morality. Single missionaries in the other factor that hampered the wife's etrate beneath the surface and focus on South Seas had succumbed to the charm ministry---especiallywhen her husband issues that are often overlooked in mis­ of the island women and the board was was away for long periods of time . sion histories-particularly those issues determined to prevent a repeat of that Another factor that frustrated the that deal with the private side of life. in Hawaii. So, missionary candidates outreach of these women was oppo­ She gives long-overdue acknowledg­ were often hastily married only days sition from men. When Clarissa Arm­ ment to wives who sacrificially served or weeks before sailing with women strong began an active preaching and alongside their husbands in the mis­ they hardly knew. evangelistic ministry, she was accused sionary enterprise. Who were these women? Were of being a feminist. Male missionaries The status of missionary women they so desperate to be married that "prejudiced Hawaiian Christians they left their families and homeland against her leadership." In the end, she just for a husband? Grimshaw's re­ "lost her valiant fight for a place in search indicates otherwise. They were the forefront of mission activity." Ruth A. Tucker, a contributing editor of this typically well-educated and very de­ Despite the obstacles, women journal, is Visiting Professor at Trinity Evan­ voted Christians-women whose only contributed very significantly to the gelical DivinitySchool. Sheis theauthorofFrom vehicle to foreign mission service was evangelization of Hawaii, and Grim­ Jerusalem to Irian Jaya: A Biographical His­ marriage to a missionary. shaw's work is one more testimonial tory of Chri stian Missions and Guardians of Most of the missionary brides had to the remarkable heritage we have of the Great Commi ssion: The Story of Women high expectations for ministry. Their women in world mission. in Modern Missions. -Ruth A. Tucker THIRSTY FOR FRESH IDEAS? Muslims and Christians on the Emmaus Road: Crucial Issues in Try Catholic Witness Among Muslims. Theological Union's World Mission Editedby J. DudleyWoodberry. Monrovia, Program . Whether Calif. : MARC, 1989. Pp. xv, 392. Paper­ you're roping with back $15.95. fresh water shortages in the This volume offers an adapted selec­ of "practical suggestions on wit­ Philippines, water tion of papers presented at a confer­ nes sing from a number of effective conservation in rural ence centered on Islamic-Christian pra ctitioners" (p. 197). It is followed themes under the sponsor ship of the by studies on contextualization and an America, or helping Lausanne Committee for World Evan­ introduction to and list of research and parishes meet urban gelization in July 1987 in Zeist, The challenges, Netherlands. The first section pre sents and ana­ Catholic Theological Union offers contemporary lyzes important aspects of the contem­ Christian W. Troll is a German Jesuit who did responses to missionaries at home and abroad . porary situ a tion of the Muslim his doctoral work at the School of Oriental and community in the world and points out African Studies, University of London . From Creative missiologists include : Claude-Marie Barbour, their pastoral-or, to use one of the key 1976 to 1988 hewasa missionary in India , teach­ Stephen Bevans, 'SVD, Eleanor Doidge, LoB, terms in the book-their strategic sig­ ing lslamics and Christian-Muslim relations in Archimedes Fomasari, MCa, Anthony Giltins, CSSp, John Kaserow, MM, Jamie Phelps, 01', Ana Maria nificance.