MADAGASCAR Grand South livelihood zones revision November 2017 FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the view of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. FEWS NET Washington [email protected] www.fews.net TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5 The Household Economy Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Data collection and field methods ........................................................................................................................................... 9 SUMMARY DESCRIPTIONS OF THE GRAND SOUTH LIVELIHOOD ZONES ................................................................................. 10 ZONE MG22 – HIGH RICE AND ONIONS PRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 10 ZONE MG23 – MAHAFALY PLAIN: CASSAVA, GOATS AND CATTLE ............................................................................................ 11 ZONE MG24 – ANDROY SEMI-ARID CASSAVA, MAIZE, SWEET POTATO AND LIVESTOCK .......................................................... 13 ZONE MG25 – STAPLE CROPS AND CASH CROPS (GROUNDNUTS) ............................................................................................ 15 ZONE MG26 – ANOSY CASSAVA, MAIZE AND LIVESTOCK .......................................................................................................... 16 ZONE MG27 - MARITIME FISHING AND STAPLES CULTIVATION ................................................................................................ 18 LIVELIHOOD BASELINE PROFILES FOR ZONES MG23, MG24, AND MG26 ................................................................................ 20 MAHAFALY PLAIN: CASSAVA, GOATS AND CATTLE LIVELIHOOD ZONE (MG23) ........................................................................ 20 Zone Description ...................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Markets .................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Timeline and Reference Year ................................................................................................................................................... 24 Seasonal Calendar for Reference Year ..................................................................................................................................... 25 Wealth Breakdown .................................................................................................................................................................. 28 Sources of Food ....................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Sources of Cash Income ........................................................................................................................................................... 31 Expenditure Patterns ............................................................................................................................................................... 32 Hazards .................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Response Strategies ................................................................................................................................................................. 34 Key Parameters for Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................... 37 Program Implications ............................................................................................................................................................... 38 ANDROY SEMI-ARID CASSAVA, MAIZE AND LIVESTOCK LIVELIHOOD ZONE (MG24) ................................................................. 39 Zone Description ...................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Markets .................................................................................................................................................................................... 43 Timeline and Reference Year ................................................................................................................................................... 44 Seasonal Calendar for Reference Year ..................................................................................................................................... 46 Wealth Breakdown .................................................................................................................................................................. 49 Sources of Food ....................................................................................................................................................................... 50 Sources of Cash Income ........................................................................................................................................................... 53 Expenditure Patterns ............................................................................................................................................................... 55 Hazards .................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 Response Strategies ................................................................................................................................................................. 57 Key Parameters for Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................... 60 Program Implications ............................................................................................................................................................... 61 ANOSY CASSAVA, MAIZE AND LIVESTOCK LIVELIHOOD ZONE (MG26) ...................................................................................... 62 Zone Description ...................................................................................................................................................................... 62 Markets .................................................................................................................................................................................... 64 Timeline and Reference Year ................................................................................................................................................... 66 Seasonal Calendar for Reference Year ..................................................................................................................................... 67 Wealth Breakdown .................................................................................................................................................................. 70 Sources of Food ....................................................................................................................................................................... 71 Sources of Cash Income ........................................................................................................................................................... 73 Expenditure Patterns ............................................................................................................................................................... 74 Hazards .................................................................................................................................................................................... 75 Response Strategies ................................................................................................................................................................. 76 1 Key Parameters for Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................... 78 Program Implications ..............................................................................................................................................................