UNITED STATES ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES USAMRIID Overview for the Frederick County Containment Laboratory Community Advisory Committee Colonel John P. Skvorak, DVM, Ph.D. Commander www.usamriid.army.mil USAMRIID History First US biowarfare facility was started in April 1943 at Camp Detrick in quickly built facilities and in Air National Guard buildings that were adapted for use. The US Army Medical Unit (USAMU) was created in 1956 to develop the means to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases caused by biological warfare agents. President Nixon ended the Biowarfare R&D Program in 1969 but allowed continued development of medical countermeasures. USAMU was renamed USAMRIID, 27 January 1969. Chain of Command U.S. Army Medical Command LTG Eric Schoomaker US Army Surgeon General U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command MG James Gilman USAMRIID COL John P. Skvorak USAMRIID Mission and Vision We conduct research on current and emerging biodefense threats, resulting in medical solutions to protect the Warfighter. %HWKH1DWLRQ¶VSUH-eminent research laboratory for medical biological defense, providing innovative solutions to protect the Warfighter. First Things First What we do: Who we are: Develop and test vaccines, About 850 civilians and military drugs and diagnostic tests to personnel, with jobs ranging protect against known from administration to research biological threats Most of us live in Frederick Publish and present our County research findings :KDWZHGRQ¶WGR Educate and train medical Conduct classified research personnel Conduct offensive research Provide expert consultation and assistance on emerging Develop new biological threats diseases and other issues DoD Chem/Bio Defense Program Organization Convergence of Military & Civilian Biodefense Requirements Post-9/11 PA RT N E RSH IPS Biosecurity Biosecurity Biosecurity Requirements Requirements Requirements to the by the Military to the Military and the Nation Nation DoD ± US Department of Defense D H HS ± US Department of Health and Human Services Biological Agents in USAMRIID Research Category A Category B Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) Coxiella burnetti (Q fever) Clostridium botulinum (Botulism) Burkholderia pseudomallei Burkholderia mallei (Glanders) Yersinia pestis (Plague) Brucella species (Brucellosis) Variola major (Smallpox*) & other Ricin toxin pox viruses Staphylococcus enterotoxin B Francisella tularensis (Tularemia) VEE, WEE, EEE (Equine Lassa Fever Virus Encephalitis Viruses) South American Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses Category C Hantaviruses Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Rift Valley Fever Virus Ebola Virus Yellow Fever Marburg Virus Influenza * Only at the CDC Lab in Atlanta 86$05,,'¶V&ULWLFDO&RUH&RPSHWHQFLHV Biocontainment Laboratories Bio Agents Animal Care and Use Potential Exposure Rate 20.0 17.4 15.0 10.0 9.1 9.5 6.6 6.4 5.0 4.6 rate/1000emp 0.0 FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 Subject Matter Expertise Safety, Security, Surety Aerobiology 86$05,,'¶V8QLTXH)DFLOLWLHV Biosafety level (BSL)-4 -- 8,400 gsf (9,600 after renovation complete) 3 suites, 11 laboratory rooms BSL-3 -- 41,800 (gsf) 14 suites, 108 laboratory rooms BSL-2 -- 53,700 gsf 96 laboratory rooms Animal care facility 75 rooms in BSL-2,3,4 Center for Aerobiology 9 Class 3 biosafety cabinets (BSC) (7 BSL-3, 2 BSL-4) Field laboratory training center USAMRIID Science Program Overview Pretreatments 9 Vaccines for bacterial, toxin, and viral agents with the current focus on Burkholderia, ricin, and Filoviruses 9 Multi-agent vaccines Therapeutics for bacterial, toxin, and viral agents 9 Current focus on plague, Burkholderia, botulinum, and Filoviruses 9 Special interest in broad spectrum ± Focus on hemorrhagic fever viruses and intracellular bacterial pathogens ± Looking for common disease causing or host response pathways Diagnostic technologies 9 Current focus on assay development for existing platforms, assay standardization, evaluation of next generation diagnostic capabilities Animal Models 9 Safety 9 Evaluate efficacy of vaccines and therapies following infection Vaccine protects from disease Therapeutic enables recovery Best delivery method 9 Efficacy/mode of exposure to pathogen 86$05,,'¶V&XUUHQW2SHUDWLRQDO0RGHO Leverage From External Sources ~650 active agreements (selected examples) Product Candidates Antisense Oligos (ex. AVI Biopharma, Tekmira) Novel antimicrobials (ex.Novartis, Siga, Combinatorx) Vaccine candidates (ex.AlphaVax, NIAID VRC) USAMRIID Pathogenesis studies Technologies Diagnostic systems (ex. BioVeris, Idaho Technologies) Adaptation of technology to Antibodies (ex. VaxDesign, BioFactura, Abgenix) biodefense countermeasures Vaccine delivery devices (ex. Pfizer, Ichor, Inovio, B-D) Animal model development Vaccine vectors (ex. RML, Vical, Crucell) Evaluation of Adjuvants (ex. Pfizer, Novartis) countermeasure Concepts & Capabilities DNA vaccination siRNA Reverse genetics (ex. LANL, Columbia U., NMRC) Provide to Customers Host targets for viral assembly (ex. Prosetta) Bioinformatics (ex. JCVI, VBI, LANL, BHSAI) Product candidates Transgenic Mice (ex. Lexicon Genetics, Jackson Labs) Technical information We apply cutting-edge approaches to our problem sets! Major Partnerships/Collaborations Academia Industry Government/Military Arizona State University Inovio Biomedical Centers for Disease Control and Baylor College of Medicine Integrated Biotherapeutics Prevention (CDC) Duke University Abgenix, Inc. Integrated Nano-Technologies Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Akonni Biosystems, Inc. Invitrogen Corporation Frederick Community College Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) Akubio Limited/T.R.U.E. (Grant) Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dept. of Health & Human Services George Mason University Aldevron, LLC Kemp Biotechnologies, Inc. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Hood College Allergan, Inc. Large Scale Biology Corporation Food and Drug Administration James Madison University Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Lexicon Genetics, Inc. Lawrence Livermore NL Johns Hopkins University Alpha Gamma Technologies, LigoCyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Los Alamos National Lab (LANL) Inc. Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine National Biodefense Analysis and AlphaVax Human Vaccines, Maxygen, Inc. Countermeasures Center (NBACC) Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health Inc. Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC National Cancer Institute (NCI) Mount Sinai School of Medicine AOAC, International Microbiotix, Inc. National Institute of Allergy and Ohio University AVI BioPharma Inc. MicroFluidic Systems Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Oklahoma Medical Research Program Becton, Dickinson & Company MIDI Inc. National Institute of Environmental BioFactura, Inc. Morphotek, Incorporated Purdue University Health Sciences (NIEHS/NIH) BioReliance Corporation NanoVec National Institutes of Health (NIH) Rutgers - The State University BioSante Pharmaceuticals National Food Research Institute Secret Service Stanford University BioVeris Corporation Northrop Grumman Systems U.S. Department of Agriculture Thomas Jefferson Medical School Callisto Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Nuvelo, Inc. U.S.Postal Service Trudeau Institute Cepheid, Inc. Oncovir, Inc. 18th MEDCOM Chimerix Inc./TRUE Ordway Research Institute Tufts University Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Chiron Corporation Orion Integrated Biosciences, Inc. Army Research Laboratory Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine CombiMatrix Corporation Point Therapeutics, Inc. JPEO-CBD/JPM-CBMS Tulane University Health Sciences Center CombinatoRx, Inc. PowderMed Ltd. USAMRMC Laboratories University of Alabama CreatV MicroTech, Inc. Protiva Biotherapeutics, Inc. USUHS University of Arkansas CUBRC and Prosetta Protiveris, Inc. 1st and 9th AML Corporation Pulmatrix, Inc. University of California at San Francisco Cyto Pulse Sciences, Inc. Qiagen University of California, Santa Barbara Diversa Corporation Quaestech, LLC International University of Georgia Research Foundation DOR BioPharma, Inc. Roche Diagnostics Corporation University of Maryland DynPortVaccine Company, LLC SIGA Technologies, Inc. CBR MOU University of Massachusetts Medical School EluSys Therapeutics, Inc. Southern Research Institute (SRI) Defence Science & Technology Functional Genetics Structural Bioinformatics, Inc. Laboratories University of Michigan GenPhar, Inc. The Institute for Genomic Research PowderMed Ltd. University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill Gilead Sciences, Inc. The McConnell Group Public Health Agency Canada University of Pennsylvania Goodwin Biotechnology, Inc. VaxDesign Corporation Robert Koch Institute University of Pittsburgh GTC Biotherapeutics, Inc. VaxGen, Inc. University College London University of Texas Medical Branch ID Biomedical Corporation Vical Incorporated University of Calgary IGEN International, Inc. Virion Systems, Inc. University of Freiburg University of Utah Imigene, Inc. VivoMetrics, Inc. University of Glasgow University of Virginia Innovative Biosensors, Inc. University of Marburg University of Wyoming Virginia Tech / Virginia Bioinformatics Institute Washington University USAMRIID Biodefense Products Tularemia Vaccine (IND) Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) Vaccines (IND) Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) Vaccine (IND) Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE) Vaccine (IND) Available Botulinum Pentavalent Toxoid Vaccine (IND) Smallpox Vaccine (cell culture derived vaccinia virus) For Botulinum Antitoxin (human & horse) Use Vaccinia Immune Globulin Ribavirin