ARCHIVED - Archiving Content ARCHIVÉE - Contenu archivé Archived Content Contenu archivé Information identified as archived is provided for L’information dont il est indiqué qu’elle est archivée reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It est fournie à des fins de référence, de recherche is not subject to the Government of Canada Web ou de tenue de documents. Elle n’est pas Standards and has not been altered or updated assujettie aux normes Web du gouvernement du since it was archived. Please contact us to request Canada et elle n’a pas été modifiée ou mise à jour a format other than those available. depuis son archivage. Pour obtenir cette information dans un autre format, veuillez communiquer avec nous. This document is archival in nature and is intended Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et for those who wish to consult archival documents fait partie des documents d’archives rendus made available from the collection of Public Safety disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux Canada. qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles by Public Safety Canada, is available upon que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique request. Canada fournira une traduction sur demande. THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR CRIMINAL LAW REFORM AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY The Changing Face of International Criminal Law Selected Papers June 2001 This publication was funded by the Canadian Department of Justice. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not represent any overarching official policy or opinion on the part of either the Canadian government or the International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy. March 2002 THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR CRIMINAL LAW REFORM AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY The Changing Face of International Criminal Law Selected Papers June 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS The Changing Face of International Criminal Law: Selected Papers ISBN 0-9730432-0-2 Copyright © 2002 The International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy ICCLR&CJP 1822 East Mall Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z1 Tel: + 604-822-9875 Fax:+ 604-822-9317 Email: [email protected] No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy. Printed and bound in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................................................7 PREFACE......................................................................................................9 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................11 GOOD CRIMINAL JUSTICE: A GLOBAL COMMODITY Remarks of The Right Honourable Beverley McLachlin, P.C. Chief Justice of Canada.................................................................... 13 I. GLOBALIZATION, HUMAN SECURITY, AND THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW .....................19 GLOBALIZATION, HUMAN SECURITY, AND THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW Irwin Cotler, O.C., M.P.................................................................... 21 II. EMERGENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT ....................................................................49 THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ICTY TO THE EMERGENCE OF THE ICC: PROCEDURAL AND EVIDENTIARY ASPECTS FROM A PRACTITIONER’S PERSPECTIVE Dirk Ryneveld, Q.C. and Daryl A. Mundis......................................... 51 THE CORE CRIMES IN THE ROME STATUTE ON THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT Sharon A. Williams ........................................................................63 3 THE CHANGING FACE OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW: SELECTED PAPERS TABLE OF CONTENTS III. THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME AND PROTOCOLS ..............................................................................73 THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME AND ITS PROTOCOLS: A NEW ERA IN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Dimitri Vlassis.................................................................................. 75 THE PROTOCOLS ON TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS AND SMUGGLING IN MIGRANTS Gillian Blackell..............................................................................105 THE UNITED NATIONS FIREARMS PROTOCOL James Hayes..................................................................................125 CANADA’S NATIONAL AGENDA ON ORGANIZED CRIME Policing and Law Enforcement Directorate, Solicitor General Canada................................................................137 IV. COMBATING IMPUNITY: THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE ..........................147 THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE AND DIMINISHING IMPUNITY Peter Burns, Q.C........................................................................... 149 COMBATING IMPUNITY: THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE Warren Allmand, P.C., O.C., Q.C.....................................................161 V. SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROME STATUTE........................................................167 COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY AND SUPERIOR ORDERS IN THE ROME STATUTE Kim S. Carter............................................................................... 169 THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT: AN HISTORIC LEAP FORWARD FOR HUMANITY Joanne Lee ....................................................................................183 4 5 THE CHANGING FACE OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW: SELECTED PAPERS TABLE OF CONTENTS VI. CIVIL SOCIETY, NGOS, AND THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT ................................199 INTERNATIONAL ADVOCACY NETWORKS AND THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT Vincent M. Del Buono ....................................................................201 NGOS, THE ICC, AND THE FUTURE OF GLOBAL JUSTICE Bruce Broomhall............................................................................217 VII. CANADA’S ROLE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ROME STATUTE .......................................................221 THE ROAD FROM ROME TO THE HAGUE: THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT STATUTE TODAY Michael R. Leir..............................................................................223 CANADIAN LEGISLATION AGAINST CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND WAR CRIMES Morris Rosenberg ......................................................................... 229 THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CENTRE IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT Daniel C. Préfontaine, Q.C. and Guy Gagnier....................................237 4 5 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS his compilation of papers reflects the support and co-operation of numer- ous individuals and organisations who took part in the International TCentre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy’s 10th Anniversary Conference held in Vancouver, British Columbia, in June 2001. Our heartfelt appreciation must first be conveyed to all of those who made presentations and/or assisted with the conference proceedings. Special thanks are extended to The Honourable Mr. Justice Frank Iacobucci who so generously contributed his time and expertise to chairing the conference and who kindly de- livered the introductory remarks of The Right Honourable Beverley McLachlin, Chief Justice of Canada. In addition to the authors who took time out of their busy schedules to write submissions for this book, we would like to acknowledge the assistance of the rapporteurs Ms. Nicola Mahaffey, Mr. Guy Gagnier and Prof. Mark Carter, as well as that of the conference’s general rapporteur, Mr. David Winkler, who also kindly submitted notes as an aide-mémoire to some of the authors for this publica- tion. We are grateful to Ms. Danielle Raymond for acting as co-ordinator of the conference, as well as to Ms. Kathleen Macdonald and Ms. Monique Trépanier for their co-ordination assistance and for their work in editing and compiling submissions to this book. The conference planning committee, which included Prof. Liz Edinger as Chair and Prof. Peter Burns, Q.C., Mr. Richard Mosley, Q.C., and Mr. Daniel Préfontaine, Q.C. as members, also offered valuable feedback and were a constant source of information and support. Finally, we most gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Canadian Department of Justice, without whose generous assistance this monograph would not have been produced, as well as the conference sponsors who helped to make the anniversary event a reality: The University of British Columbia, Simon Fraser University, Miller Thomson Barristers and Solicitors and Taylor Jordan Chafetz Barristers and Solicitors. 7 9 PREFACE PREFACE ince 1991 the International Centre for Criminal Law Reform and Criminal Justice Policy has had a continuing commitment to promote the rule of law Sand respect for human rights in the reform of criminal law and criminal justice policy. As such, it has supported national, regional and international ef- forts to strengthen good governance in the administration of criminal justice. It supports these efforts through policy analysis, research, information exchange and the provision of technical assistance. In doing so, the International Centre’s work is guided by international human rights standards and principles, Canadian foreign policy objectives and the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme