24 July 2014 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by ICMA and CENN. Waste Management Technologies in Regions, Georgia Waste Management Technologies in Regions, Georgia Solid Waste Collection and Recycling Systems Assessment Report USAID Cooperative Agreement AID-114-LA-14-00001 Prepared for: Mission Environmental Office Economic Growth Office USAID | Caucasus Prepared by: International City/County Management Association 777 North Capitol Street NE, Suite 500 Washington, DC 20002-4201 The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Solid Waste Collection and Recycling Systems Assessment Report ii Waste Management Technologies in Regions, Georgia Table of Contents ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................................... v 1. BASIS AND OBJECTIVES OF THIS ASSESSMENT ........................................................................ 6 2. NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GEORGIA ............................ 6 2.1 Policies and Legal Framework ............................................................................................. 7 2.2 Relevant Government Institutions ...................................................................................... 9 2.3 Financial and Economic Mechanisms ................................................................................ 10 2.4 Solid Waste Generation and Composition ........................................................................ 11 2.8 National and Donor Supported Initiatives Pertinent To Project Results ......................... 17 3. CURRENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC OF ADJARA .... 17 3.1 Demographics and Regional SWM Background ............................................................... 17 3.2 Solid Waste Generation and Characteristics .................................................................... 17 3.3 Status of Solid Waste Management Services and Infrastructure .................................... 18 4. CURRENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN KAKHETI REGION ............................................ 19 4.1 Demographics and Regional SWM Background ............................................................... 19 4.2 Solid Waste Generation and Characteristics .................................................................... 20 4.3 Status of Solid Waste Management Services and Infrastructure .................................... 20 5. TECHNICAL/PLANNING/ECONOMIC/MANAGEMENT GAPS AND NEEDS SUMMARY ........... 21 6. PROJECT ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS AND ACTION PLANS ............................................ 21 6.1 Recommended Focus of Planning Assistance ................................................................... 21 6.2 Target 1.4 ‐ Design region‐specific ISWM strategies and action plans ............................ 24 6.3 Target 1.5 ‐ Conduct capacity and training gap analysis of municipalities and SW companies ................................................................................................................................ 25 6.4 Target 1.6 ‐ Provide tailored assistance, and training to municipalities and SWM companies ................................................................................................................................ 25 6.5 Target 1.7 ‐ Assist waste collection companies in developing and implementing business plans that will improve the admin., management, collection, efficient transportation, separation, sorting and disposal of wastes, and increase the supply of recyclable materials to recycling companies .......................................................................... 26 6.6 Target 1.8 ‐ Design and implement a city‐to‐city exchange program ............................. 26 6.7 Target 1.9 ‐ Implement pilots via partial grant to assist recycling companies to produce special bins for recyclable materials and distribute in selected municipalities, including national parks ........................................................................................................................... 26 Solid Waste Collection and Recycling Systems Assessment Report iii Waste Management Technologies in Regions, Georgia 6.8 Target 1.10 ‐ Support the implementation of small‐scale composting activities ........... 26 6.9 Target 1.11 ‐ Develop landfill remediation/closure plans ................................................ 27 ANNEX 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 28 ANNEX 2 ........................................................................................................................................ 33 ANNEX 3 ........................................................................................................................................ 37 ANNEX 4 ........................................................................................................................................ 42 GLOSSARY OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT TERMS ................................................................. 43 Solid Waste Collection and Recycling Systems Assessment Report iv Waste Management Technologies in Regions, Georgia ACRONYMS AOR Agreement Officer Representative CAPEX Capital expenditures CBO Community‐based organization CENN Caucasus Environmental NGO Network COP Chief of Party DCOP Deputy Chief of Party EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EU European Union GHG Greenhouse gas GOG Government of Georgia ICMA International City/County Management Association ISC Institute for Sustainable Communities ISWM Integrated solid waste management KfW German Credit Bank for Reconstruction LLC Limited Liability Company M&E Monitoring and evaluation MESD Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development MENRP Ministry of Environment and Natural Resource Protection MRDI Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure MSW Municipal Solid Waste OPEX Operating expenditures PMP Performance Monitoring Plan SIDA Swedish International Development Agency STTA Short‐term technical advisor SWM Solid waste management SWMCG Solid Waste Management Company of Georgia TA Technical assistance USAID United States Agency for International Development WMTR Waste Management Technologies in Regions Solid Waste Collection and Recycling Systems Assessment Report v Waste Management Technologies in Regions, Georgia 1. BASIS AND OBJECTIVES OF THIS ASSESSMENT The USAID funded Waste Management Technologies in the Regions ‐ Georgia Project (the Project) is intended to assist the Adjara Autonomous Republic and Kakheti region of Georgia to enhance their existing Solid Waste Management (SWM) facilities and services. (In this assessment report, the term “SWM” will relate to existing core solid waste management services and facilities whereas the term “Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) will relate to the proposed solid waste management programs that will result from the new solid waste law and strategy currently under consideration by the Government of Georgia.) Component 1 of the Project seeks to support an objective of accomplishing an “Established waste management system and an improved implementing capacity of the public and private sector”. Through the designated activities of Component 1 of the Project, ICMA is required to undertake an initial assessment of existing SWM situations in the target regions to determine the institutional, technical and economic characteristics of current SWM practices and the manner by which they can be improved through Project activities and results. The assessment is also intended to define a meaningful role for the Project to accomplish its results within the context of other ongoing SWM initiatives in Georgia including other waste related projects supported by various donor agencies and multinational banks that have been active in Georgia. The assessment also seeks to define activities that are within the context of pending legal reforms (including the expected adoption of a new national waste law and the development of a new national ISWM strategy and plan). By design, the Project is focusing on the management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) derived from residential and commercial sources in the target regions. As a result, the scope of this assessment does not include a detailed consideration of other, often independently managed, solid waste forms such as construction debris, biomedical waste, industrial waste and hazardous waste except as to the manner in which these waste forms may affect the provision of MSW management related services in the target regions. This assessment report aims to establish an initial preliminary foundation for defining and commencing the activities that the Project will undertake while meeting the Project’s accomplishment and output goals as defined in its Implementation and Performance Monitoring Plans (PMP). Annex 3 of this assessment report presents recommended action plans and projected timelines for accomplishing various near term recommended activities that meet the objectives of the Project PMP and support the cooperation, actions and progress of the beneficiaries both nationally and specifically in the two target regions. 2. NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT