Aspire Defence Capital Works Army Basing Programme Larkhill Garrison – Interim Archaeological Evaluation Report – ABHGEN and ABJGEN. June 2018 27-XXXGEN-47-RT-E5-041 Larkhill Garrison – Interim Archaeoloigcal Evaluation Report 27-XXXGEN-47-RT-E5-041 2 Larkhill Garrison – Interim Archaeoloigcal Evaluation Report Rev. Date Purpose of Issue Author Chkd. Appr. 01 15/05/18 Issue to FusionLive WA GGS DK 02 22/06/18 Issued to FusionLive WA GGS DK 27-XXXGEN-47-RT-E5-041 3 Army Basing Programme (ABP) Larkhill Areas 2002 (ABHGEN) and 2003 (ABJGEN) Post-excavation Assessment Ref: 109516.11 June 2018 wessexarchaeology © Wessex Archaeology Ltd 2018, all rights reserved. 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Document Information Document title Army Basing Programme (ABP) Larkhill Camp: Areas 2002 (ABHGEN) and 2003 (ABJGEN) Document subtitle Post-excavation Assessment Document reference 109516.11 Client name Aspire Defence Capital Works Address Aspire House, Princes Avenue, Aldershot GU11 2LF Site location Larkhill Military Camp County Wiltshire National grid reference (NGR) 413050 145270 (SU 13050 45270) Statutory designations Planning authority Wiltshire Council Planning references 16/00032/FUL 15/06682/FUL Museum name Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum WA project code 109516 Dates of fieldwork 24/04/2017 to 14/07/2017 Fieldwork directed by Jamie McCarthy, with the assistance of Jon Sanigar, Piotr Orczewski, Emma Robertson, Tom Dawkins, Steve Legg, Tom Slater, Eva Estella, Briony Lalor, Virva Lompolo, Marion Plumer, Rachel Sawyer, Michael Trubee, Jennifer Loader, Orlagh Walsh, Alec Hutchins, Phoebe Hewitt, Daryl Freer, Phoebe Olsen and Tom Blencowe Project management by Ruth Panes Document compiled by Jamie McCarthy and Andrew Powell Contributions from Matt Leivers (pottery and other finds), Erica Gittins (flint), Jacqueline McKinley (human bone), Lorrain Higbee (animal bone), Ines Lopez Doriga (charred plant remains and charcoal), Alistair Barclay (radiocarbon dating) Graphics by Ken Lymer Quality Assurance Issue & issue date Status Author Approved by 1 11/05/2018 External draft submitted to client JM AP 2 14/05/2018 External version reviewed by client JM AP 3 20/06/2018 Final Version SPB Army Basing Programme (ABP) Larkhill Camp: Areas 2002 and 2003 Post-excavation Assessment Contents Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................ iii 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................1 1.1 Project and planning background .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Scope of the report ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Location, topography and geology ................................................................................................. 2 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ....................................................2 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Previous works related to the development ................................................................................... 3 2.3 Archaeological and historical context ............................................................................................. 3 3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................4 3.1 Aims ............................................................................................................................................... 4 4 METHODS ................................................................................................................................4 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 Fieldwork methods ......................................................................................................................... 4 4.3 Finds and environmental strategies ............................................................................................... 6 4.4 Monitoring....................................................................................................................................... 6 4.5 Methods of stratigraphic assessment and quantity of data ............................................................ 6 5 STRATIGRAPHIC RESULTS ..................................................................................................7 5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7 5.2 Soil sequence and natural deposits ............................................................................................... 7 5.3 Middle Neolithic 3350–2850 BC ..................................................................................................... 8 5.4 Beaker 2400–1800 BC ................................................................................................................. 10 5.5 Bronze Age 2200–700 BC ........................................................................................................... 11 5.6 Prehistoric ditches and associated features ................................................................................ 12 5.7 Romano-British ............................................................................................................................ 14 5.8 Uncertain date .............................................................................................................................. 14 5.9 Modern AD 1800–present ............................................................................................................ 15 6 FINDS EVIDENCE ..................................................................................................................16 6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 16 6.2 Pottery .......................................................................................................................................... 17 6.3 Worked flint .................................................................................................................................. 19 6.4 Human bone ................................................................................................................................. 21 6.5 Animal bone ................................................................................................................................. 23 6.6 Stone ............................................................................................................................................ 24 6.7 Glass ............................................................................................................................................ 25 6.8 Other material .............................................................................................................................. 25 7 ENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCE .............................................................................................25 8 RADIOCARBON DATING ......................................................................................................26 9 STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL ..............................................................................................27 9.1 Stratigraphic potential .................................................................................................................. 27 9.2 Finds potential .............................................................................................................................. 27 9.3 Environmental potential ...............................................................................................................