Sri Tyagaraja Centenary Commemoration Volume Tlq © doupqal 0< of Tlq© jM .u.si© /V ead en qy J l i a & r a s A QUARTERLY DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MUSIC VOL- XVIII 1 9 4 7 parts I-IV EDITED BY T. V, SUBBA RAO, B.A., BL,, AND V. RAGHAVAN, m .a ., p h .d . PUBLISHED BY THE MUSIC ACADEMY, MADRAS 115.E, MOWBREYS ROAD, M A D R A S-14 Annual Subscription:—Inland Rs. 4 ; Foreign 8 she. Post Paid CONTENTS PA(3B£ Sri Tyagaraja— Illustrations The X X Madras Music— Tyagaraja Centenary Conference 1947: Offioial Beport 1— 35 A comparative study of Sri Tyagaraja and other Vaggeyakaras : K. Vasudevaohar 35— 41 The Poetry of Tyagaraja : Y . Mahalinga Sastri 41— 62 The Philosophy of Sri Tyagarajaswami: Dr.T. Srinivasa Baghavaohariar... 6 2 — 61 ; Sri Tyagaraja : C. Seshaohalam Chettiar 62 — 67 The Bagas that owe their Baga Bhavas to Sri Tyagaraja: K . Vasudeva Sastri 68— 73 The Uniqueness of Tyagaraja : T. V . Subba Bao 73— 80 Sri Tyagaraja. the Mystio : Prof. B. Srinivasan 81— 84 Sri Tyagaraja’s Kritis for beginners : C. S. Ayyar 84— 88 Sri Tyagaraja’s Horoscope : Mudikondan Venkatarama Iyer--- 88— 96 Sri Tyagaraja~His Genius and Personality : K. Y. Bamachandran 97— 107 Tyagaraja on Music : T. V. Subba Bao 107— 114 The Walajahpet Manuscripts : Prof. P. Sambamurthy 114— 129 Sri Tyagaraja. a Great Adept in Mantra Yoga : T . K . Bajagopalan 130— 132 Two Manuscripts of Tyagaraja Songs: Dr. V. Baghavan... 133— 148 TAMIL Sri Tyagaraja’s Kshetra Kritis : Maharajapuram Viswa- nathalyer ••• 1 9 Sri Tyagaraja: S. Vidya 9—16 Sri Tyagaraja : Palladam Sanjeeva Bao 17—20 Sri Tyagaraja : Dr. B. S. Sankaranarayana Iyer 20—22 Sri Tyagarajaswami’s Kritis : Valadi Krishna Iyer ... 23— 29 Sri Tyagaraja and his Satvika Tyaga : 0* Saraswathi Bai... 30 - 47 Baga Pushti in Tyagaraja Kritis: Madura Subramanya Iyer--. ... ... 47—67 Errata 58 ILLUSTRATIONS ■— For some o f the Illustrations here, the Academy i« indebted to 6n N. Tyagaraman, ike Hindu, the Madura Saurashtra Babha, the Andhra Oana fiafa t aria hat and the £nanda Yikatan, The house in New Street, Tiruvarur where Sri Tyagaraja was born ‘ aiD&cuHa) l9jdss (LpAjS’ “ t&turairrgs * 1 t f O f ' <U>J •CT5 < 0 <U 4 ' crv < jf£ )o Sri Tyagaraja’s Horoscope from the palm-leaf ms. of his life written by Tanjore^Sadasiva Bao andjVenkatasuri © c God Tyagaraja of Tiruvarur- after whom the Saint-composer was named, Ofc *V(5(3soeafl ilboilj iDiT(V)fi(ipQ3: &.uj.esr sir(Seu/fi pi^ioisgl— - y * n >~9Q!i£X*..(Bai0 Qsira} (tpa)(2& j$il3 u9u>u &QI®<3&irq!f QiuirsiueniLar sro'0j6£iru)(5 q ir ^ ” The street at Tiruvayyar where Sri Tyagaraja lived The house at Tiruvayyar wherelSri Tyagaraja lived ®T The Cauvery at Tiruvayyar “ aiirifiQeiiL-edtB a? sr(Saiifli6 0 % Sri Prana tartihara Temple at Tiruvayyar “pfftgrfifiQetu mr prutir} Bama Idol worshipped by Tyagaraja “ pffpusLo iLiriuihu) tgfjrirqfi® u i/t q $ esfQ " ^O ^p S)o 5^ oaGo0 ^ ^ cx> :ST^ fr»o^^'&or«^S$0 jww.c&iv £ «&) tTs^T «3 tr* |£=Cv> e\3(J> ^(n-tfi © ^raT^flo^S t f ‘& > £ ’sr> - c»do^> ^ e>9 ^ o o *6 o^>^ 'T^j^v o »aj : ^ o < 0 o^'^5'*>’€>^o ° 'wJ^ Potana Bhagavata Ms. used by Sri Tyagaraja for daily Parayana. 6 wv o v n io -v» W &/£\i £ rfu -o& ^_« -Q A d ^ $ V " ^ v <$ a £> ^ $ "fce« ffl e - ^ «>-oS & j v ?rv a t^-* j j § d*-» ^ ^ ■*J • i rf i5ww X 6 £ £to G&ifi6*4r»i * * - ® o ten) Centra £) . ^ i;o ir* - "3n. fo s^»^o5a$>aiO ' 010 Facsimile of the signatures of Tanjore Sadasiva Bao and Venkatasuri. The Umayalpuram Brothers Direct pupils of Sri Tyagaraja OM Krishna Bhagavatar Suadara Bhagavatar Ot 2- ^LCiLjff UlLu}. &f)Lt>&5T u>Gsren)~"d& ero-°erveujr(Lf>(3<£ir u^^ijsuu<£ ug$iLjib&t,> mirpCSGOirguani-. ujruniDrisihp iD ifidaj” cm s “ Qervir'&mentfiarQa g r r sp;1* Samadhi of Sri Tyaga Brahmam Outside view Samadhi of Sri Tyaga Brahmam Inside view “ otJ/S®© efieuruSS ourum Q gci$ i " Portrait of Sri Tyagaraja worshipped in the family of the Umayalpuram pupils. THE X X MADRAS MUSIC CONFERENCE AND TYAGARAJA CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS 1946. OFFICIAL REPORT THE OPENING DAY 21—12—1946 The Twentieth Session of the Annual Music Conference of the Madras Music Academy was celebrated as the Tyagaraja Centenary Conference in view of the year 1946 being the Cen­ tenary of the Samadhi of the great saint-composer of Carnatic Music, Sri Tyagaraja. All the former Sangita Kalanidhis of the Academy were invited to take part in the Celebrations; the agenda for the Expert Committee Meetings of the Conference was confined to lectures and demonstrations pertaining to Sri Tyagaraja and his compositions; all the musicians rendered exclusively the Kritis of Tyagaraja during the evening concerts; a Harikatha on Tyagaraja's life and a dance-recital of Tyagaraja Kritis were arranged for ; and the Conference Souvenir was published as a special Tyagaraja Centenary Souvenir. The Conference and the concerts were held in the Sri Sundareswara Hall, Mylapore, Madras. The Conference was opened and the Tyagaraja Centenary Celebrations inaugurated by Dr. U. Rama Rao, the First President of the Academy and one to whose pioneering work, the Academy owes a great deal. The proceedings commenced with the prayer song ‘ Nada- tanum anisam* of Sri Tyagaraja in Kharaharapriya, sung by Sangita Kalanidhi Maharajapuram Viswanatha Iyer, the Presi­ dent of the previous year’s Conference. He was followed by Srimathi C. Saraswathi Bai who sang a Kriti on Sri Tyagaraja ” Srimadadi Tyagaraja Guruvaram Namamyaham” in Kalyani sent by Sangita Kalanidhi Sangita Sastra Visarada Vasudeve- THE JOURNAL OP THE MUSIC ACADEMY [VOL. XVIII charier, Aslhana Vidwan of Mysore. This was followed by an impressive Aradhana in which the Sangita Kalanidhis present. Tiger Varadachariar, T.V. Subba Rao, T . L Venkatrama Iyer and others performed Harati to the portrait of Sri Tyagaraja. Messages Dr. V . Raghavan, one of the Secretaries, read the messages received for the success of the Conference. His Highness the Rajah of Pudukottah wished the Confer, ence all success. The Rasika Ranjani Sabha, Mylapore, The Mylai Sangita Sabha, Mylapore, The Sangita Sabha, Pudukottah, Krishnan Nataka Sabha,* Tanjore, and the Mysore State Music Teachers' Association, Mysore wished the Conference all success. Dr. Sir Rm. Alagappa Chettiar and Sir C. Ramalinga Reddy, Vice-Chancellor, Andhra University, conveyed their best wishes for the success of the Conference. Sangita Kalanidhis Mysore Vasudevachariar and Palladam Sanjeeva Rao and Messrs. T. Lakshmana Pillai of Trivandrum and P.S. Sundaram Iyer of Tanjore, members of the Academy’s Expert Committee, sent their greetings for the success of the Conference and the Tyagaraja Centenary Celebrations. Welcome Address Welcoming Dr. U. Rama Rao, the opener of the Conference, Sangita Kalanidhi T. L. Venkatrama Iyer, one of the Vice- Presidents of the Academy, said: "S ir. W e have great pleasure in welcoming you in our midst once again to take active part in our work. When the Reception Committee of the Indian National Congress of the 1927 Session in Madras decided to hold a Music Conference for the promo- tion of the Art as part of the cultural activities, you were the person entrusted with the task of convening it. It is well-known that the Music Conference then held had a successful session through your indefatigable labours. At the close of the session, FIS. I— IV] THE XX—TYAGARAJA CENTENARY CONEERENCE, 1946. 3 the Reception Committee commissioned you to organise perma­ nently for Madras an Academy of Music for the encouragement and propagation of scientific Carnatic music on the right lines, and entrusted you with the savings that you had effected in the Session of the Conference, and the attendant music concerts. You are thus largely responsible for the inauguration of this Music Academy, Madras, of which you were the Founder-Presi- dent. You then strove to organise the main lines of activities of the Music Academy and we had the benefit of your experience and lead. W e have built on the foundation which you firmly laid and the position that the Academy has achieved today is in no small measure due to your pioneering work. W e fervently hope that your guidance and co-operation will be available to us in future as in the past. Your renewed asso­ ciation on this auspicious occasion of the Tyagaraja Centenary Celebrations inspires us with new hopes of securing greater co­ operation of patrons of Art and leaders of Society. W e have now much pleasure in requesting you as the Nestor of the Academy and public life in this province to inaugu­ rate our Conference and Centenary Celebrations.” Sangita Kalanidhi T.L. Venkatrama Iyer then presented the address in a Silver Casket and requested Dr. U. Rama Rao to open the Conference and inaugurate the Tyagaraja Centenary Celebrations. Opening Address Declaring the Conference open and inaugurating the Tyagaraja Centenary Celebrations, Dr. U. Rama Rao said :— “ Ladies and Gentlemen of the Music Academy, 1 thank you most heartily for the kind welcome you have given me. I am very pleased to be with you on this memorable day and pay my tribute of homage to the eminent composer whose centenary you are celebrating. It is a happy idea that you are dedicating your Conference and concerts this year to his hallowed memory. 1 esteem it as a rare honour to have the 4 THE JOURNAL OF THE MU3IO ACADEMY [VOL. XVIII privilege of inaugurating and participating in the Jay anti festi­ vities.