GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / OVerVIEW I / LIX Futurism 1 Cubism 1 2 The Rise of Futurism 15 3 An Era of Manifestos 28 4 Futurist Typography 44 5 Guillaume Apollinaire 52 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / JaponIsme II / LIX © Kevin Woodland, 2019 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM 1 / 59 Cubism 1909 Stemming from numerous technological image-making innovations, Cubism, a new approach to handling space and pictorial representation unlocks a new chapter in the canon of art and design. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 2 / 59 1878 Eadweard Muybridge uses photography as a research tool. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 3 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 4 / 59 Combining artistic vision with scientific analysis, Muybridge showed how an image that paralyses motion can catch the fluency of phenomena. –PETER CONRAD © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 5 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Eadweard Muybridge, The Horse in Motion, 1978 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 6 / 59 Zoopraxiscope © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 7 / 59 1878 Muybridge is given credit as a scientist and artist. His research has far-reaching affects • Motion Pictures • Painters • Graphic Designers © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 8 / 59 1907–1911 Braque and Picasso influenced by: • Muybridge • Motion pictures • African art © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 9 / 59 1907–1911 Braque and Picasso influenced by: • Muybridge • Motion pictures • African art © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 10 / 59 1907–1911 Braque and Picasso influenced by: • Muybridge • Motion pictures • African art © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 11 / 59 1907–1919 Cubism Picasso and Braque • Design concept independent of nature • A new artistic tradition and way of seeing • Challenged the four-hundred-year Renaissance tradition • “Bizarreries cubiques” (cubic oddities) • “Early Cubism” © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 12 / 59 1910–1912 Analytic Cubism • Abstraction into geometric planes • Classical norms for the human figure are broken • Simultaneous viewpoint • Flattened perspective • Figure/ground balance • “High Cubism” © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 13 / 59 1912 Collage Braque and Picasso begin to insert found paper into their artworks. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Pablo Picasso, Violin, 1912 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / CUBIsm 14 / 59 1912–1919 Synthetic Cubism • Juan Gris • Essence of the object • Geomertic construction • Pure invention • “Late Cubism” © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Juan Gris, Fruit bowl, 1916 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM 15 / 59 The Rise of Futurism 1909 Cubism’s visual inventions became a catalyst for experiments that pushed art and design toward geometric abstraction and new attitudes toward pictorial space. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 16 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 17 / 59 1909 Futurism An artistic and social movement that originated in Italy in the early 20th century. It was largely an Italian phenomenon, though there were parallel movements in Russia, England, and elsewhere. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Umberto Boccioni, Charge of the Lancers (detail), 1915 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 18 / 59 The Futurists practiced in every medium of art. • Painting • Urban design • Sculpture • Theatre • Ceramics • Film • Graphic • Fashion Design • Textiles • Industrial • Literature Design • Music • Interior design • Architecture © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Umberto Boccioni, States of Mind II: Those Who Go, 1911 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 19 / 59 1909 It glorified radical themes: • The future • Speed • Technology • Youth • Violence • Automobiles • Airplanes • Industrialized cities © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Umberto Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 20 / 59 1913 “Umberto Boccioni was an influential Italian painter and sculptor. He helped shape the revolutionary aesthetic of the Futurism movement as one of its principal figures. Despite his short life, his approach to the dynamism of form and the deconstruction of solid mass guided artists long after his death.” [wikipedia] © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 21 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 22 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Umberto Boccioni, Development of a Bottle in Space, 1913 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 23 / 59 1890 – 1960 Anton Giulio Bragaglia A pioneer in Italian Futurist photography and Futurist cinema. A versatile and intellectual artist with wide interests, he wrote about film, theatre, and dance. [wikipedia] © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Self portrait, 1913 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 24 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 (left) Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Bow, 1911 (right) Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Fotodinamismo, 1911 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 25 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 (left) Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Smoker, 1913 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 26 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Man playing the double bass, 1911 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / The RIse of FuturIsm 27 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 Anton Giulio Bragaglia · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM 28 / 59 An Era of Manifestos 1909 Leveraging the powerful potential of text, scale and placement, the Futurists announced their intentions through a multitude of aggresive manifestos. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 29 / 59 1909 FT Marinetti founded the movement after publishing his infamous Manifesto of Futurism in the Paris newspaper Le Figaro. The manifesto voiced enthusiasm for war, the machine age, speed, and modern life. © Kevin Woodland, 2019 F. C. Coletti, Portrait of F. T. Marinetti GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 30 / 59 © Kevin Woodland, 2019 · GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 31 / 59 1909 Marinetti expressed a passionate loathing of everything old, especially political and artistic tradition. We want no part of it, the past. We, the young and strong Futurists! –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2019 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 32 / 59 1909 We intend to sing the love of danger, the habit of energy and fearlessness. Courage, audacity, and revolt will be essential elements of our poetry… –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2019 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 33 / 59 1909 We affirm that the world’s magnificence has been enriched by a new beauty: the beauty of speed … –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2019 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 34 / 59 1909 A roaring car that seems to ride on grapeshot is more beautiful than the Victory of Samoth-race… –FT MARINETTI The Winged Victory of Samothrace is a 2nd-century BC marble sculpture of the Greek goddess Nike (Victory). Since 1884, it has been prominently displayed at the Louvre and is one of the most celebrated sculptures in the world. –WIKIPEDIA “The greatest masterpiece of Hellenistic sculpture.” –H.W. JANSON © Kevin Woodland, 2019 The Winged Victory of Samothrace, 2nd-century BC, Louvre, Paris GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 35 / 59 1909 Except in struggle, there is no more beauty. No work without an aggressive character can be a masterpiece. –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2019 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 36 / 59 1909 We will destroy museums, libraries, and fight against moralism, feminism, and all utilitarian cowardice. –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2019 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GDT-101 / HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN / FUTURISM / AN Era of ManIfestos 37 / 59 1909 Destroy the cult of the past … Totally invalidate all kinds of imitation … Elevate all attempts at originality … –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2019 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GDT-101 / HISTORY