UFC 3-240-13FN 25 May 2005 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED UFC 3-240-13FN 25 May 2005 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity) AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/) Change No. Date Location 1 Dec 2005 FOREWORD UFC 3-240-13FN 25 May 2005 FOREWORD \1\ The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.) Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the more stringent of the UFC, the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable. UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request (CCR). The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below. UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source: • Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/. Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current. /1/ AUTHORIZED BY: ______________________________________ ______________________________________ DONALD L. BASHAM, P.E. DR. JAMES W WRIGHT, P.E. Chief, Engineering and Construction Chief Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Naval Facilities Engineering Command ______________________________________ ______________________________________ KATHLEEN I. FERGUSON, P.E. Dr. GET W. MOY, P.E. The Deputy Civil Engineer Director, Installations Requirements and DCS/Installations & Logistics Management Department of the Air Force Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) UFC 3-240-13FN 25 May 2005 CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT Paragraph 1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ............................................................... 1 1-1.1 Fire Protection and Other Uses ................................................. 1 1-1.2 Problems Encountered in Industrial Water Systems ................. 1 1-1.2.1 Deposits..................................................................................... 2 1-1.2.2 Scale.......................................................................................... 2 1-1.2.3 Biological................................................................................... 2 1-1.2.4 Suspended Solids (SS).............................................................. 2 1-1.2.5 Corrosion................................................................................... 2 1-1.3 Objectives of Industrial Water Treatment .................................. 2 1-1.4 Water Conservation ................................................................... 3 1-1.5 Responsibility for Treatment ...................................................... 3 1-1.5.1 Office Responsible..................................................................... 3 1-1.5.2 Organizational Assignments ...................................................... 3 1-1.6 Unauthorized Non-Chemical Devices........................................ 3 1-1.7 Health and Safety ...................................................................... 3 1-1.7.1 Protection of Potable Water....................................................... 4 1-1.7.1.1 Cross-connection....................................................................... 4 1-1.7.1.2 Backflow Prevention Devices .................................................... 4 1-1.7.1.3 Air Gaps..................................................................................... 4 1-1.8 Restrictions on Direct Steam Use.............................................. 4 1-1.9 Record-Keeping Requirements ................................................. 4 1-1.9.1 Control Charts............................................................................ 4 1-1.9.2 Operations Logs ........................................................................ 5 1-1.9.2.1 Large Boilers.............................................................................. 5 1-1.9.2.2 Cooling Towers.......................................................................... 5 1-1.9.2.3 Other Systems ........................................................................... 5 1-1.9.3 Historical Records...................................................................... 5 1-1.10 Support Available....................................................................... 6 1-1.10.1 Boiler and Cooling Water Quality Assurance (QA) Program ..... 6 1-1.10.2 Other Support ............................................................................ 6 1-2 INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER ........................................................ 6 1-2.1 Disposal Procedures.................................................................. 6 1-2.1.1 Water Discharge Pretreatment .................................................. 6 1-2.1.2 Water Discharge Restrictions .................................................... 7 1-2.1.2.1 Discharge Location .................................................................... 7 1-2.1.2.2 Discharge Rate .......................................................................... 7 1-2.1.2.3 Discharge Time.......................................................................... 7 1-2.1.2.4 Discharge Responsibilities......................................................... 7 1-2.1.2.5 Review of Chemicals ................................................................. 7 1-2.2 Environmental Regulations........................................................ 7 1-2.2.1 The Toxic Substances Control Act ............................................ 7 1-2.2.2 The Clean Water Act ................................................................. 7 1-2.2.3 The Safe Drinking Water Act ..................................................... 8 1-2.2.4 The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act.......... 8 1-2.2.5 The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act......................... 8 1-2.2.6 The Occupational Safety and Health Act................................... 8 i UFC 3-240-13FN 25 May 2005 1-2.2.7 The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act.......................................................................... 8 1-2.2.8 The Code of Federal Regulations Act........................................ 8 1-2.3 Container Management Policy................................................... 8 1-3 REFERENCES............................................................................. 8 CHAPTER 2 MAKEUP WATER Paragraph 2-1 MAKEUP WATER FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER SYSTEMS ................. 9 2-1.1 Sources of Makeup Water ......................................................... 9 2-1.1.1 Groundwater.............................................................................. 9 2-1.1.2 Surface Water............................................................................ 9 2-1.1.3 Reuse Water.............................................................................. 9 2-1.1.4 Source Selection Factors to Consider ....................................... 9 2-1.2 Reasons and Criteria for Treating Makeup Water ..................... 10 2-1.2.1 Reasons for Treating Makeup Water......................................... 10 2-1.2.2 Criteria for Treating Makeup Water ........................................... 10 2-1.2.2.1 Makeup Water for Cooling Tower Systems ............................... 10 2-1.2.2.2 Makeup Water for Steam Boilers............................................... 10 2-1.2.2.3 Makeup Water for High-Temperature Hot Water Systems ........ 10 2-1.2.2.4 Other Systems ........................................................................... 10 2-1.2.3 Measurement of Makeup Water Rates ...................................... 10 2-2 MAKEUP WATER TREATMENT METHODS.................................... 10 2-2.1 External Treatment .................................................................... 11 2-2.2 Aeration....................................................................................