Zootaxa 3940 (1): 001–092 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3940.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B5D45D1B-4B52-4F0B-8AF6-B587F8857475 ZOOTAXA 3940 The recent apple snails of Africa and Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Afropomus, Forbesopomus, Lanistes, Pila, Saulea): a nomenclatural and type catalogue. The apple snails of the Americas: addenda and corrigenda ROBERT H. COWIE Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, 3050 Maile Way, Gilmore 408, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by M. deMaintenon: 9 Feb. 2015; published: 27 Mar. 2015 ROBERT H. COWIE The Recent apple snails of Africa and Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Afropomus, Forbesopo- mus, Lanistes, Pila, Saulea): a nomenclatural and type catalogue. The apple snails of the Americas: addenda and corrigenda (Zootaxa 3940) 92 pp.; 30 cm. 27 Mar. 2015 ISBN 978-1-77557-671-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-672-3 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2015 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2015 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 3940 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press COWIE Table of contents Abstract . 3 Introduction . 3 Explanatory information . 6 Museum collection acronyms and type material holdings . 8 Abbreviations . 9 Systematic catalogue . 9 Family AMPULLARIIDAE Gray, 1824 . 9 Genus AFROPOMUS Pilsbry & Bequaert, 1927 . 10 Genus FORBESOPOMUS Bequaert & Clench, 1937 . 10 Genus LANISTES Montfort, 1810 . 10 Genus PILA Röding, 1798 . 27 Genus SAULEA Gray, 1868 . 52 Incertae sedis among Old World AMPULLARIIDAE . 52 Incertae sedis in AMPULLARIIDAE . 53 Unpublished names in AMPULLARIIDAE . 56 Non-fossil species assigned to AMPULLARIIDAE incorrectly. 56 The apple snails of the Americas (Cowie & Thiengo 2003): addenda and corrigenda . 59 Acknowledgements . 65 References . 65 Index . 88 Abstract Ampullariidae are freshwater snails predominantly distributed in humid tropical and sub-tropical habitats in Africa, South and Central America and Asia. This catalogue is concerned only with the non-fossil Old World species, the majority of which are placed in the genera Pila and Lanistes, with a few species in Afropomus, Forbesopomus and Saulea. Pila occurs in Africa and Asia, Lanistes, Afropomus and Saulea only in Africa and Forbesopomus only in Asia. New World taxa were catalogued in a previous publication. The taxonomy of the group is heavily based on shell morphology but the true number of valid taxa remains unknown, pending revisionary work. This catalogue provides the rigorous nomenclatural base for this future work by bringing together all the available and unavailable genus-group and species-group names that have been applied to Recent Asian and African ampullariids, indicating their current nomenclatural status (species, subspecies, synonyms, etc.). Fossil taxa are not included. The catalogue lists 21 published genus-group and 244 published species- group names of Old World ampullariids, excluding 25 names that are incertae sedis and cannot be definitively determined as Old or New World. Of these 265 Old World names, five genus-group and 104 species-group (including 30 infraspecific) names are currently valid. There are 16 genus-group synonyms, 118 species-group synonyms and four species-group hom- onyms that are not treated as junior synonyms. Also listed are five unavailable family-group, one unavailable genus-group and 18 unavailable species-group names, and a number of unpublished names from museum labels. The catalogue pro- vides bibliographic details for all published names, locations of type material, details of type localities and geographic distributions as far as can be ascertained given the confused state of the taxonomy. The catalogue is a work of nomencla- ture; it is not a revisionary work of taxonomy. Additional details and corrections to the earlier catalogue of the apple snails of the Americas are provided. No new names are proposed. Seven apparently new combinations are introduced, all with the genus Pila Preston: complicata Reeve, dira Reeve, major Germain (described as a variety of ovata Olivier), major Germain (described as a variety of speciosa Philippi), obvia Mabille, pallens Philippi, turbinoides Reeve. Key words: freshwater snails, distributions, nomenclature, Old World, New World, type localities, type material Introduction Ampullariidae Gray are freshwater snails predominantly distributed in humid tropical and sub-tropical habitats in Africa, Asia and South and Central America. They include the largest of all freshwater snails (Pomacea maculata Perry can attain a shell height of >165 mm; Hayes et al. 2012) and frequently constitute a major portion of the native freshwater mollusc faunas of these regions. Ampullariidae (junior synonym Pilidae Preston; Cowie 1997b; ICZN 1999a) are operculate snails and basal members of the Caenogastropoda. The family is in the superfamily Ampullarioidea within the informal group Architaenioglossa Haller (shown to be paraphyletic by Harasewych et al. 1998), which also includes the CATALOGUE OF OLD WORLD AMPULLARIIDAE Zootaxa 3940 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press · 3 Jeroen Goud, Bram van der Bijl and Robert Moolenbeek (RMNH), Ronald Jannsen (SMF), Ira Richling (SMNS), Taehwan Lee (UMMZ), Matt Lowe and Richard Preece (UMZC), Robert Hershler and Ellen Strong (USNM), Pavel Kijashko (ZIN), Matthias Glaubrecht, Frank Köhler and Christine Zorn (ZMB), Martin Sørensen and Tom Schiøtte (ZMUC) and Enrico Schwabe (ZSM). I thank Philippe Bouchet and Neal Evenhuis for nomenclatural advice and discussion, and Thierry Backeljau, Ken Hayes, Alan Kabat, Yuri Kantor, Eike Neubert, Winston Ponder, Silvana Thiengo and Jackie van Goethem for additional discussion, in some cases extensive, help with literature and/or help with locating type material. Gene Coan and Frank Köhler reviewed the manuscript and Marta deMaintenon guided its publication. This work is part of a project funded in part by NSF grant DEB0949061. References All references have been seen by the author. Titles are cited verbatim, even if they include errors, which if noted are followed by “[sic]”. If an article lacks a title, a suitable title or “no title” is given in square brackets. If authorship of a work is inferred from sources external to the work, the author’s name is given in square brackets. The year of publication is given following the name(s) of the author(s). If a book published in parts over a range of years only bears the year of publication of the final part, the range is given with the year of the first part enclosed in square brackets. If a journal volume or issue appeared in a year after the year represented by the volume/issue, this earlier year is given in square brackets (e.g. “[for 1863]” after the volume/issue number of the journal. If a journal did not number volumes but only gave the year that the volume represented, the year is given in square brackets (e.g. “[for 1878]”) in place of a volume number. If sources external to the work indicate that the year of publication differs from any year derived from the work itself, the actual year of publication is given in square brackets. Specific dates of publication are derived from multiple sources, as explained in square brackets following the full reference. An exhaustive search for dates of publication of all references has not been undertaken. Printed pages that are un-numbered are enclosed in square brackets. Plates are cited only if they are numbered separately from other pages in the work. Adam, W. (1971) New names introduced by M. Connolly and by H.B. Preston in the Mollusca. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 47 (24), 1–77. [15 October; p. 1] Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853–1854) The genera of recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. Vol. I. Plates. J. Van Voorst, London, 484 pp., 60 pls. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.4772 Published in parts as follows (Evenhuis & Cowie 1995: 205): Part Plates Pages Date of publication 1 1–4 1–32 January 1853 2 5–8 33–64 February 1853 3 9–12 65–96 June 1853 4 13–16 97–128 August 1853 5 17–20 129–160 September 1853 6 21–24 161–192 October 1853 7 25–28 193–224 November 1853 8 29–32 225–256 December 1853 9 33–36 257–288 January 1854 10 37–40 289–320 February 1854 11 41–44 321–352 March 1854 12 45–48 353–384 April 1854 13 49–52 385–416 May 1854 14 54–56 417–448 June 1854 15 57–60 449–484 July 1854 Adams, A. & Angas, G.F. (1864) Descriptions of new species of freshwater shells collected by Mr. F.G. Waterhouse, during J. McDonall Stuart’s overland journey from Adelaide to the north-west coast of Australia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, [for 1863] (3), 414–418. [April; Duncan 1937: 72] Alderson, E.G. (1925) Studies in Ampullaria. Heffer, Cambridge, xx + 102 pp., 19 pls. Alderson, E.G. (1926) The Ampullaria swainsoni of Philippi, Hanley, and Reeve. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 17 (1), 42–43. [30 April; front matter of volume, facing p. 1] Ancey, C.-F. (1894) Résultat des recherches malacologiques de Mgr Lechaptois sur les bords du Lac Nyassa et de la Rivière Shiré.